Hub : Genes

PQLC1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1070 0.0330 4.4e-07 0.015 0.067 0.065 0.074 0.065 5.1e-03 1.3e-08 2.4e-08 2.8e-09 2.3e-08
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0780 0.0362 6.6e-03 0.022 NA 0.022 NA 0.027 7.3e-03 NA 6.9e-03 NA 3.1e-03
3 GTEx Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere 0.3130 0.0870 2.2e-04 0.006 NA 0.058 NA 0.135 2.1e-01 NA 1.4e-02 NA 2.5e-04
4 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.2460 0.1070 5.9e-03 0.007 NA 0.013 NA 0.004 1.9e-01 NA 1.3e-01 NA 2.5e-01
5 GTEx Brain Frontal Cortex BA9 0.2947 0.1055 2.0e-03 -0.001 NA 0.002 NA 0.003 3.5e-01 NA 2.9e-01 NA 2.6e-01
6 GTEx Brain Putamen basal ganglia 0.1680 0.0760 8.1e-03 0.086 NA 0.006 NA 0.009 4.5e-03 NA 2.3e-01 NA 1.9e-01
7 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1310 0.0550 4.6e-03 0.018 NA 0.033 NA 0.019 1.5e-02 NA 1.7e-03 NA 1.4e-02
8 GTEx Lung 0.2158 0.0512 4.4e-10 0.136 NA 0.148 NA 0.155 1.4e-10 NA 2.2e-11 NA 6.2e-12
9 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0994 0.0501 9.1e-03 -0.001 NA 0.025 NA 0.003 4.0e-01 NA 6.9e-03 NA 1.8e-01
10 GTEx Thyroid 0.1100 0.0400 3.3e-04 0.068 NA 0.051 NA 0.059 6.3e-06 NA 9.0e-05 NA 2.6e-05
11 GTEx Whole Blood 0.0550 0.0250 9.2e-03 0.008 NA 0.022 NA 0.013 5.0e-02 NA 3.9e-03 NA 1.9e-02
12 YFS Blood 0.3162 0.0340 0.0e+00 0.241 0.282 0.285 0.276 0.273 6.9e-78 4.2e-93 2.9e-94 1.2e-90 1.2e-89

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.6 2.5 13.9 0.4 -3.7 -1.1 0.4 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -2.1 -0.7 -2.7 -0.8 0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 2.2 5.5 16.4 1.7 -3.9 2.5 4.0 2.2 0.5 -1.3 -1.9 0.9 -0.9 0.3 3.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.5 11.2 1.6 -0.9 3.3 1.6 2.0 1.2 -1.8 -0.4 0.7 0.5 -1.7 0.9
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.2 4.2 0.2 -0.4 1.1 0.6 1.0 0.5 -1.6 1.1 0.6 1.8 -0.2 2.0
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 1.8 4.5 -2.1 1.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 -1.2 0.4 -1.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 2.5 5.9 18.8 2.8 -2.1 4.3 1.7 3.5 1.9 -3.0 -1.8 0.0 -0.2 -2.4 1.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 3.4 7.0 23.5 1.8 -2.0 4.1 4.8 2.9 1.7 -1.6 -0.7 1.7 1.1 1.0 4.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.8 2.4 6.3 2.1 -0.3 2.5 2.4 1.7 2.5 -0.8 -1.2 0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 2.8 5.8 18.0 2.5 -2.0 4.2 1.9 2.8 2.9 -3.6 -1.8 -0.7 0.3 -1.2 2.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.2 1.3 2.9 0.2 -1.6 -1.1 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 1.1 -1.7 -0.9 -1.6 -0.8 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.6 1.7 7.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.8 2.8 -2.1 0.4 -0.2 1.0 1.6 1.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 4.1 -0.3 -1.8 -1.2 -0.2 -2.0 1.0 -0.6 -1.5 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 2.4 5.2 14.7 2.2 -1.9 -3.8 -1.2 0.9 -0.5 1.1 -3.5 -0.7 -3.5 -0.7 -3.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.4 5.6 16.3 2.2 -3.3 -3.2 -1.2 1.0 -0.1 0.6 -4.0 -1.0 -4.0 -0.3 -2.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.2 2.3 8.7 1.3 -2.9 -1.3 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.4 -2.6 -1.0 -2.5 0.4 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 1.5 1.8 13.5 0.0 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.4 0.0 -3.7 0.2 0.0 2.3 -0.0 1.3
Reaction Time 1.2 2.3 8.1 0.4 -2.0 2.8 2.4 0.8 1.1 0.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -2.4 0.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.1 6.6 0.2 1.1 -2.6 -0.8 0.8 0.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.4 0.2 -0.8
Breast Cancer 0.6 1.4 2.9 0.3 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 1.0 -1.0 1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.9 -0.5
Prostate Cancer 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.7 0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.9 1.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 -1.4
Age at First Birth 0.8 1.1 7.2 -0.4 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 0.6 -0.2 1.0 -1.4 0.2 -2.7 0.4 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 2.4 2.3 9.0 0.8 -3.0 -0.0 2.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -2.5 -0.3 -2.4 -0.3 0.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.7 0.9 4.2 2.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.5 1.6 1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.8 1.0 3.0 0.2 0.9 -0.5 -1.5 0.7 -1.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -1.4 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 2.2 3.5 12.1 2.1 -0.7 -2.9 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 1.2 -2.3 0.3 -2.1 -2.1 -3.5
Mean Putamen Volume 0.8 1.0 3.3 -1.5 0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.5 1.8 0.2 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.4
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.8 0.5 0.9 0.7 -1.0 -0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.2
HbA1C 1.2 1.3 5.4 0.7 -0.9 -1.9 -2.3 0.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 1.4 0.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 3.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.0 1.8 0.6
LDL Cholesterol 1.9 3.0 15.1 -0.8 -2.5 -2.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.6 -1.5 -3.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.3
Lupus 2.0 3.0 9.7 -0.4 2.0 -2.5 -3.1 -1.2 -1.7 2.5 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.9
Neuroticism (2016) 1.6 2.3 11.2 0.1 -0.5 1.9 1.4 0.4 1.7 -3.3 0.5 -0.2 1.8 -0.9 1.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.9 2.0 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.8 -1.3 1.3 -1.0 1.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.6 0.9 3.3 -0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.1 1.8 1.1 -1.8 0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.8 0.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.8 4.1 12.1 1.3 -2.7 3.1 3.5 1.8 0.8 -0.7 -1.7 0.9 -0.1 0.5 3.1
Triglycerides 0.5 0.9 2.8 0.0 -1.1 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -1.6 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.7 1.9 6.2 -1.8 1.5 -2.5 -1.0 -2.4 -1.5 0.0 1.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 -0.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.8 1.1 3.6 0.9 -0.9 -1.9 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.2 -1.7 -1.1 -1.4
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.5 7.5 -1.1 2.7 0.7 -0.4 -1.4 1.0 0.9 2.7 2.6 1.6 0.4 0.0
Blood Platelet Count 0.4 5.2 15.2 1.2 -2.7 -0.9 -0.0 -0.1 3.8 0.6 -3.9 0.1 -2.6 3.8 1.1
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.3 6.8 0.2 -0.4 -2.6 -0.4 -1.7 1.1 1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.6
Blood White Count 1.0 7.4 28.5 3.2 -0.3 5.3 2.5 1.9 3.3 -2.1 0.4 3.4 3.3 -1.0 1.5
Heel T-Score 0.3 2.6 7.4 -1.3 2.5 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.9 -1.9 2.0 -1.9 2.7 -1.7 1.1
BMI 0.2 1.4 4.5 1.0 -0.7 0.1 0.9 -2.1 0.8 0.6 -1.7 0.0 -0.1 -2.1 -1.6
Height 0.2 4.1 13.8 -0.4 1.9 -2.0 -0.8 0.3 0.5 3.7 1.9 2.9 -0.4 3.7 -0.9
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.5 5.2 1.9 -0.9 0.5 -0.1 0.8 1.0 -1.4 -1.5 0.4 0.3 2.3 1.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.3 1.3 5.2 1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -0.4 -1.1 0.7 0.4 -2.3 -0.9 -1.6 -0.1 -0.9
Smoking Status 1.4 3.3 15.0 3.9 1.2 2.6 0.8 0.3 2.0 -1.6 -0.4 1.4 2.0 -1.6 -0.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.8 2.2 7.8 -2.2 0.5 -2.1 -0.5 -1.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 -1.4 0.6 2.8 1.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 1.8 4.5 2.1 -1.0 -0.4 -2.1 -1.2 1.5 -1.1 -1.4 0.3 -0.0 -1.6 -1.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 1.0 3.3 0.9 -0.1 1.8 1.2 -0.2 1.1 -1.1 -1.0 1.3 -0.0 -0.7 -1.0
Respiratory disease 0.8 1.8 8.9 -0.1 1.8 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -0.0 0.3 2.3 1.1 3.0 -0.7 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.7 1.3 6.5 1.8 -0.8 -2.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.7 -0.1 1.2 -0.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.7 1.6 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.1 0.5 -1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -1.0 0.3
Lung FVC 0.5 2.4 9.5 0.4 1.1 3.1 1.0 1.3 -1.4 1.9 1.0 2.1 -0.3 -1.5 -1.5
Neuroticism 1.6 3.8 11.9 2.0 -1.2 3.4 1.2 3.1 1.4 -2.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.2 -2.0 2.0
Chronotype (morning person) 0.9 2.0 8.5 -2.3 -1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -1.4 0.0 -1.7 -2.9 -1.8 0.9 0.7
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.9 4.3 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -2.1 -2.0
Tanning 0.1 1.6 8.4 -0.9 0.9 -2.9 -1.3 -1.0 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.7 -2.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.8 2.0 7.5 -0.7 2.7 1.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 1.6 2.2 1.8 1.5 -0.9 -0.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.5 0.9 4.6 2.2 0.4 1.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.0 1.3 -1.5 -0.5
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 1.8 1.2 -0.8 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 1.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.1 3.6 13.5 1.9 -0.9 2.6 1.8 3.7 0.5 -1.1 -1.5 -0.8 -0.5 -1.6 2.8
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.1 8.8 -0.1 0.5 1.7 0.7 1.7 0.8 -1.8 1.2 0.8 1.7 0.7 3.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.5 0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.1 -0.4 1.3 0.1 0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 0.7 1.5 6.6 2.6 0.6 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.4 1.8 -1.1 0.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.3 3.5 1.5 0.8 -0.1 -1.7 1.9 -1.0 0.8 -0.0 -1.8 -0.2 -1.1 -0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.3 1.6 6.6 -1.0 1.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -2.6 2.2 1.5 0.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.8 1.0 3.4 1.8 0.6 1.1 0.2 1.2 -0.8 1.4 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -1.3 -0.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.9 3.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 1.3 -1.2 -0.1 -1.8 -0.4 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.6 0.7 4.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -2.0 0.8 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Angina 0.4 0.6 1.9 1.4 0.2 1.3 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.9 -1.1 -0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.6 1.8 7.7 -0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.9 0.1 -2.8 1.2 1.3 -1.5 1.2 -2.2 0.5
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.0 1.4 4.5 -1.4 0.3 -2.1 -0.8 -1.1 -2.1 0.8 0.1 -0.0 -1.3 1.0 -0.4
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.4 1.7 -1.2 -0.4 -0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 0.5 0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 1.0 1.1 5.0 0.8 -0.7 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.9 -1.4 -0.1 2.2 0.6 0.6 1.3
Medication: Metformin 1.6 2.2 8.3 0.7 -1.1 -2.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.4 0.8 -0.9 -1.5 -0.1 1.9 0.1
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.5 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.3 0.6 -0.1
Diabetes (mother) 0.7 0.9 5.5 2.4 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.9 0.5 -0.8 -1.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 2.9 1.0 -0.7 0.5 -0.2 1.2 -0.7 0.7 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2 -1.1 0.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.9 2.6 1.5 -1.1 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -1.6 0.2 0.1 0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 1.0 4.9 15.7 3.3 -2.3 2.2 0.5 2.5 4.0 -3.1 -1.4 2.0 0.3 0.2 0.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.7 7.1 -1.3 1.3 -1.1 0.2 -2.2 -0.8 2.7 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.6 -1.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.1 3.9 0.9 -0.3 0.9 0.4 -2.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.0 1.3 0.1 -1.5 -1.5
Hand grip strength (right) 1.1 3.0 10.1 -0.1 3.2 0.9 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 1.7 3.1 2.0 2.0 -1.7 -1.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.7 1.0 5.8 -0.8 1.3 2.4 0.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.7 1.2 3.8 1.8 -0.5 2.0 0.8 0.6 0.9 -1.3 -1.1 0.4 0.2 -0.0 1.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.8 0.9 3.8 -0.1 -1.9 -0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.3 0.9 -1.1 0.5 -1.6 1.0 0.4
Maternal smoking around birth 0.8 1.2 3.6 -0.0 0.3 1.5 0.0 -1.6 0.2 -0.2 0.7 1.9 1.4 -1.5 -1.0
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.6 7.9 0.5 0.1 2.8 1.3 1.2 0.4 -1.9 0.4 -0.6 0.9 -1.1 1.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.6 8.2 -0.2 -0.9 1.4 1.4 0.7 1.0 -1.7 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.3 2.9
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.7 2.7 1.4 0.7 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 1.0 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 1.6 0.1 -0.5
Taking other prescription medications 0.8 1.3 4.7 1.5 1.0 2.0 0.3 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.9 0.9 2.2 -0.8 -0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.8 1.9 8.6 0.1 0.1 2.9 1.8 0.7 2.1 -1.9 0.2 -0.1 1.4 0.2 0.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.6 0.7 3.3 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.5 -1.5 -0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.7 1.6 3.8 -1.9 1.1 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -0.4 -1.0 1.6 0.7 1.3 -0.7 -0.8
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.8 0.9 4.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 0.6 -2.2 -0.7 -0.6 0.2 1.1 -0.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.7 0.9 2.8 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.4 0.4 0.1 -0.0 1.3 -0.0 1.7 -0.1 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.4 1.6 5.7 0.8 0.6 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.6 0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -2.4 -2.3
High blood pressure 0.4 1.2 4.7 1.2 0.2 -0.8 -1.6 -1.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -2.2 -1.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.1 2.3 8.2 -2.0 1.3 -2.3 -1.0 -2.1 0.2 -0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.2 2.9 0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.1 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.9 -0.8 1.3 -0.4 0.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.7 -0.7 1.2 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.8 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.5 1.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.2 -0.0 0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.9 -0.8
Medication: Atenolol 0.7 0.9 5.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.3 -2.3 0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -0.1 -0.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.4 2.5 6.1 1.6 1.0 2.3 1.2 -0.1 1.8 -1.0 -0.1 2.5 0.9 -1.5 -2.3
Sitting height 0.1 0.8 2.8 1.3 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 1.7 0.8 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.7 -1.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.7 1.4 1.0 -0.5 0.1
High blood pressure (mother) 0.7 1.0 2.9 -0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -1.2 0.1 1.7 1.7 0.8 -0.9 -1.2
Body mass index (BMI) 0.3 1.4 8.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -2.9 -0.7 1.4 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.4 -1.6
Impedance of leg (left) 1.1 5.2 14.0 3.3 -2.3 2.8 0.9 2.4 3.7 -3.2 -1.8 1.5 -0.0 -0.0 1.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.7 6.8 -1.3 1.3 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -0.7 2.6 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.6 -1.5
Trunk fat mass 0.2 1.1 6.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 -2.5 0.5 0.6 -0.9 1.2 0.1 -0.8 -1.6
Waist circumference 0.2 0.8 5.0 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.0 -2.2 -0.5 1.2 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -1.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.9 3.1 7.1 -1.5 -1.3 -0.4 -2.2 -1.6 -0.9 -2.7 0.9 -2.3 1.0 2.5 2.3
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.6 5.9 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 2.0 -0.9 -1.1 -2.4 0.6 0.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 1.0 4.4 0.1 0.8 -2.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.2 1.6 0.8 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1
Nervous feelings 1.8 3.4 16.4 -0.5 -1.4 2.2 0.9 1.3 0.6 -2.6 -0.8 -2.2 -0.1 1.5 4.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.4 2.2 9.3 0.1 -0.8 3.0 1.6 1.8 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 3.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.6 2.6 -1.3 -0.0 0.2 0.4 -1.4 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 1.6 0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.3 0.9 1.9 0.2 1.6 -0.8 1.1 0.2 1.8 0.1 -1.7 0.2
Had menopause 3.0 3.7 13.9 -1.4 -3.0 -1.4 0.8 -2.0 -0.9 1.7 -2.8 -0.8 -3.7 -0.5 -0.3
Had other major operations 1.3 1.6 4.6 2.2 0.9 -0.2 -1.0 0.9 -0.2 2.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 -1.9 -2.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.4 4.1 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 -0.4 2.0 1.2 1.6 0.1 0.8 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.6 4.1 -0.9 2.0 -1.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 2.0 1.4 1.6 -0.9 -1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.8 0.0 1.6 0.3 1.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 0.3 -1.8 0.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 1.8 9.7 0.2 0.5 1.7 0.2 -2.0 0.8 -2.0 0.6 0.4 3.1 -0.3 0.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 4.1 -0.3 1.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7 -0.2 -0.9 0.6 -0.6 2.0 0.9 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.5 2.3 9.0 -0.1 -1.1 -3.0 -2.0 -0.2 -0.5 1.2 -1.6 -1.4 -2.4 0.3 -0.9
Heart attack 0.7 0.9 2.9 -0.6 1.0 0.2 -0.4 -1.2 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 -1.7 1.4 0.4 0.1
Allergy 0.6 1.3 3.8 1.2 -1.8 1.2 0.6 1.9 -0.2 -0.1 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.5 -0.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.8 1.2 3.8 0.4 0.5 -2.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 0.3 0.2 -1.6 1.0 0.5 0.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.4 3.2 8.5 -1.6 1.6 -2.9 -1.9 -2.6 0.2 -1.5 0.9 -1.7 0.7 2.5 0.8
Medication: Ramipril 1.3 1.7 4.0 1.3 -1.6 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.3 0.4 -2.0 0.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.6 2.3 6.6 1.0 -1.0 -2.4 -1.6 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.7 -2.6 -2.1 0.2 0.3
Fluid intelligence score 0.5 1.0 5.7 -0.7 1.7 -2.4 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.7
Illnesses of siblings 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.4
Neuroticism score 1.2 2.5 8.5 0.9 -0.5 2.9 1.0 2.1 0.8 -2.2 -0.7 -0.9 0.2 0.1 2.9
Weight 0.2 1.1 6.1 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.5 -2.5 -0.1 1.9 -0.5 0.8 -0.1 -0.0 -1.5
Impedance of arm (right) 0.5 2.3 6.7 0.8 0.0 1.6 1.3 2.6 1.3 -2.2 1.3 1.8 1.0 -0.3 1.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.0 5.9 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -2.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.0 -1.7 -1.4
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.8 9.1 -1.4 1.4 -0.9 -0.0 -1.8 -0.8 3.0 0.5 0.5 -0.1 1.3 -1.2
Hip circumference 0.4 1.5 5.8 -0.1 0.2 0.0 1.0 -1.9 -0.2 2.4 -0.6 0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -2.3
Time employed in main current job 0.7 0.8 4.0 -1.1 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1 -1.5 -0.5 0.4 2.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.8 2.7 10.5 1.6 -1.3 3.2 2.9 0.2 1.7 -0.2 -1.2 -0.4 0.1 -2.0 -0.4
Father’s age at death 0.9 1.3 3.0 -0.3 -1.5 0.6 1.7 -0.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.9 1.3 -1.2 1.7 1.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.6 3.0 8.3 1.5 -1.4 2.4 1.3 1.7 1.6 -2.9 -1.8 -1.9 -0.0 -1.3 1.5
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.4 8.9 0.5 0.9 1.8 1.0 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.4 0.6 1.3 -3.0 0.3
Falls in the last year 1.0 1.4 4.4 -0.5 -2.1 -0.4 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2 1.0 1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -1.4 0.0 0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.3 1.2 -1.0
Number of live births 0.5 0.8 3.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -1.9 -0.3 -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -1.4 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 2.1 6.5 0.6 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.5 -0.1 2.5 1.7 2.2 0.6 0.2 -0.8
Pulse rate 1.5 2.5 9.1 1.5 -2.0 0.3 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.9 -3.0 -0.7 -2.2 1.2 1.6
Happiness 1.9 2.3 8.3 -0.5 -2.3 0.5 1.2 1.3 -0.0 -0.5 -1.3 -2.2 -1.5 0.6 2.9
Noisy workplace 1.5 1.8 7.7 1.0 -0.3 2.8 0.2 0.2 0.6 -2.6 0.3 -0.5 1.9 -1.2 0.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.9 1.9 6.8 -2.5 -0.8 -1.5 0.2 -0.6 -1.2 1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -2.6 1.7 0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 2.3 -0.6 1.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.0 -1.0 0.4 1.5 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.3 2.1 7.2 -1.2 0.8 0.8 1.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 2.3 -0.6 2.7 1.9 2.0
Asthma 0.5 1.0 3.3 0.2 1.1 -0.7 -1.6 -1.0 -0.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 1.8 -1.1 -0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.6 2.5 6.0 1.1 0.6 -2.5 -2.4 0.3 -1.1 1.8 -1.4 -1.7 -1.5 -0.9 -2.2
Depression (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 7.9 0.7 -1.0 2.8 1.6 0.1 1.8 -1.8 -0.8 1.2 1.3 0.2 1.2
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.4 1.6 7.4 -0.0 1.2 0.4 -0.8 -2.3 0.8 -2.7 0.2 -0.7 1.5 1.0 0.6
Prospective memory result 1.0 1.2 4.2 0.7 -0.6 1.3 2.1 1.4 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 0.0 0.3 1.3
Lung cancer (father) 0.8 0.9 5.6 1.2 0.8 0.1 1.0 2.4 0.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 0.5
Illnesses of mother 0.5 0.6 2.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 1.0 1.2 -1.6 -0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.7 0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.8 2.6 6.6 1.2 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.3 0.4 2.6 1.2 2.3 0.3 0.5 -0.9
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.6 3.1 0.5 -1.8 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.5 8.8 1.5 0.4 1.6 0.7 3.0 1.6 -2.0 1.7 2.2 1.2 -0.3 0.9
Arm fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 5.9 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -2.4 0.0 1.2 -0.8 0.6 0.1 -1.2 -1.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.8 9.4 -1.4 1.4 -0.9 0.1 -1.7 -0.8 3.1 0.5 0.6 -0.1 1.2 -1.2
Standing height 0.2 2.2 7.6 0.4 1.3 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.5 1.8 1.3 2.7 0.3 2.8 -0.3
Length of working week for main job 1.0 1.2 4.8 -0.9 1.1 0.5 2.2 0.4 0.5 -1.7 0.7 0.3 1.1 -0.8 1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.6 1.8 5.8 -0.1 -1.8 2.4 1.9 -0.6 1.4 -1.8 -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 1.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.3 2.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -0.2 0.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.5 2.5 7.2 0.8 -1.4 2.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 -2.7 -1.5 -2.0 -0.1 -1.6 1.5
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.6 2.5 8.6 2.6 0.2 2.9 0.4 2.5 0.9 0.0 0.2 1.6 1.5 -1.5 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 1.0 5.4 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 -2.3 -1.6 -1.1 -0.5 0.4 0.7
Birth weight of first child 0.8 1.4 4.4 -1.1 -0.6 1.8 2.0 -0.5 0.6 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 2.1 1.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.6 3.8 13.9 -0.9 3.2 0.7 -1.7 -0.3 -1.9 1.5 3.7 1.6 2.6 -0.9 -0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.0 0.8 1.0 -0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.4
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.9 2.3 9.0 0.6 1.2 3.0 1.5 0.7 0.6 -1.5 1.4 0.6 2.6 -0.6 1.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.6 0.6 1.7 0.9 -0.4 1.0 1.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.4 2.2 8.0 -1.8 -1.3 -1.9 -1.1 -0.7 -1.4 2.1 -0.8 -0.8 -2.8 -0.2 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.8 3.3 1.0 -0.3 1.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.0 1.4 0.4 -1.8 -1.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.5 0.6 2.0 -1.1 0.4 -0.8 -1.4 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.9 -0.5 0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.0 3.1 1.3 -0.3 0.5 1.1 1.8 1.7 -0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.4 1.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.3 2.2 4.6 -1.3 0.0 1.9 2.1 -0.2 0.5 -2.1 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.5 0.2 -1.2
Gout (self-reported) 1.1 1.5 4.2 0.5 -1.9 1.3 1.4 0.6 0.3 1.1 -1.6 1.0 -2.1 -1.0 -0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.4 2.7 6.8 2.1 -0.7 2.6 1.7 0.5 2.0 -2.1 -1.4 1.9 -0.2 -1.3 -1.2
Medication: Amlodipine 1.0 1.4 5.1 1.0 0.4 -2.3 -0.9 -1.6 -1.0 1.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -1.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.5 2.0 5.8 1.7 2.0 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.5 0.7 1.8 1.0 2.4 -1.7 -0.6
Birth weight 0.6 1.2 3.9 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.8 1.4 -0.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.3 -1.8 1.1 1.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.4 1.6 7.5 -0.7 0.2 2.0 1.0 -1.5 -0.6 -2.7 0.7 -0.2 1.3 0.4 1.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.7 0.5 1.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.9 4.2 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.5 2.1 0.1 2.0 0.7 1.8 -0.1 0.6 -1.1
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.3 4.9 1.2 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -2.2 0.8 -0.2 -1.6 0.7 -0.1 -1.5 -1.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.0 6.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.1 -0.0 -2.5 1.4 -0.1 -2.3 0.7 -0.3 -1.5 -2.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 7.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.7 0.0 -2.0 -0.1 2.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.9 0.7 -1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.4 4.5 -0.2 0.8 2.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 -1.6 0.9 0.4 2.0 0.8 1.9
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 3.0 12.4 -1.7 -0.3 -3.5 -0.8 -1.3 -2.0 2.9 -0.4 -1.3 -2.0 -0.2 0.2
Number of full brothers 1.0 1.3 7.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 2.7 0.2 1.2 -0.6 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.4 -0.6 0.7 0.8 0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.9
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.0 1.3 7.2 0.5 -0.1 1.8 1.0 1.1 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.6 2.7
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.0 3.9 -0.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -2.0 -0.2 -1.4 0.5 -0.8 1.8 -0.7 0.9
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.7 0.9 0.8 -0.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.0 0.2
Age at first live birth 2.6 4.6 16.1 -0.6 -1.1 -4.0 -1.8 -0.8 0.3 2.2 -2.3 -3.1 -3.2 1.8 -0.8
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 4.5 -0.4 2.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.4 -0.3
Health satisfaction 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.8 1.0 3.2 0.5 -0.4 -1.7 -0.5 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 -1.8 -1.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.5 4.8 16.0 -3.4 1.4 -4.0 -0.4 0.4 -2.3 2.9 1.7 -1.1 -1.8 2.4 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.7 0.8 2.6 -1.4 0.6 -1.2 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -1.6 0.5 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.8 1.0 3.0 -0.7 1.4 1.7 0.9 -1.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 1.7 -0.1 0.6 0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 3.1 3.5 15.6 0.6 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 2.8 2.8 4.0 0.6 1.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.8 1.4 6.2 -2.5 -0.4 -1.0 0.8 -0.5 1.0 0.2 -1.1 0.5 -2.1 1.1 0.9
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.5 2.1 8.4 1.3 2.2 -1.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.7 0.4 2.9 1.3 2.2 -0.7 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 1.2 2.1 5.5 0.8 -0.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.0 -0.2 1.0 -2.3 -2.0 -1.7 -1.0 -1.2
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 1.4 0.1 1.0 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.4
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 3.2 0.2 -0.3 1.8 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.1 1.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.9 -0.9
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.6 -1.0 1.2 -1.3 0.1 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 1.7 2.1 5.4 2.0 1.7 1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.7 1.6 1.0 1.4 2.0 -0.8 -2.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.8 0.9 1.8 -1.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 -0.7 -1.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.7 3.2 14.3 0.2 -1.9 3.8 2.9 0.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -3.0 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.4 0.7 1.4 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 1.0 1.0 0.8
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.1 1.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 -1.4 1.3 1.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.1
Whole body fat mass 0.3 1.2 5.8 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 -2.4 0.5 0.8 -1.3 0.8 -0.2 -1.1 -1.9
Leg fat mass (right) 0.4 1.6 7.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -2.7 0.9 1.0 -1.7 0.8 -0.3 -1.2 -2.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.3 6.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 0.1 -1.7 0.2 2.6 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -1.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.7 2.2 6.6 2.6 -1.9 1.5 0.8 -0.2 2.4 -0.8 -2.1 1.2 -0.4 -0.8 0.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.2 2.9 9.9 1.5 -3.1 1.8 1.7 -0.0 1.3 -2.3 -1.7 -0.2 0.2 -2.5 -0.2
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 0.9 2.9 -0.9 1.5 1.1 1.3 -0.1 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.0
Number of full sisters 1.3 1.5 4.7 2.2 0.6 1.2 0.1 1.0 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 2.0 0.6 -1.8 -1.2
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.5 2.4 10.9 0.7 -1.4 1.8 0.5 1.7 0.7 -2.3 -1.0 -1.3 0.1 0.9 3.3
Overall health rating 1.0 2.1 8.1 1.5 -0.8 2.1 1.0 -0.5 1.0 -2.8 -0.6 -0.6 1.9 -0.0 1.9
Chest pain or discomfort 1.5 2.2 8.7 -0.0 1.0 0.7 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.4 2.9 -0.1 2.9 -0.9 0.6
Had major operations 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.7
Age at last live birth 1.7 2.5 8.5 -1.4 -1.5 -2.9 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.8 -1.1 -2.5 -1.7 2.0 1.0
Family relationship satisfaction 1.0 1.2 5.1 -1.1 -1.9 0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.8 1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 0.1 2.3
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 3.0 0.9 0.5 1.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.0 0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.7 0.9 2.1 0.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.7 -0.1 0.6 1.3 1.4 1.5 -0.3 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.0 -1.0 1.1 -0.3 0.1 0.6 1.4 -1.1 -0.9
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -1.2 0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.9
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 0.9 4.7 1.7 -0.6 2.2 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.5 0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.7 2.1 5.7 2.1 -1.1 1.9 1.4 -0.1 2.4 -1.1 -1.3 1.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 1.9 -0.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -1.4 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.4 1.0 3.1 1.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.3 -1.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -1.8 -1.5
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.5 1.8 4.5 2.0 0.9 1.5 0.5 -0.5 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.9 1.8 -1.8 -2.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.9 -0.2 -1.0 -1.3 1.0 -0.2 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.2 1.5 5.5 1.3 -1.6 0.2 1.3 0.8 1.3 -0.3 -2.3 -1.7 -0.9 -0.7 0.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.8 1.2 4.6 1.5 1.7 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.7 1.0 0.9 2.1 -0.8 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.7 1.4 7.0 -0.2 1.0 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.1 0.7 0.9 0.7 2.7 1.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.7 8.7 -1.3 1.3 -0.8 0.1 -2.0 -0.8 3.0 0.2 0.5 -0.3 1.0 -1.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.6 6.9 -1.3 1.4 -0.8 0.4 -2.1 -1.0 2.6 0.4 0.4 -0.3 0.4 -1.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.0 4.9 0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -2.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.9 0.4 -0.2 -1.7 -1.7
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.2 5.1 -0.2 -0.7 -2.3 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 1.9 -0.3 0.6 -1.3 0.7 -0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 3.0 0.7 -0.9 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.3
Mood swings 1.9 3.5 8.7 2.2 -1.2 2.2 1.9 3.0 2.0 -2.0 -1.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 2.8
Loneliness, isolation 1.0 1.4 4.4 -2.1 -0.1 1.9 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -1.4 -0.7 0.5 2.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.3 0.5 1.6 1.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -1.1 0.8 -0.9 0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.6 2.0 -0.2 -0.0 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -1.4 0.7 -0.4 1.4 -0.2 0.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.6 6.2 0.3 -0.1 -2.5 -1.2 -2.0 -1.6 0.5 -0.2 -1.6 0.8 1.4 -0.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.9 0.9 2.7 -0.1 1.3 0.7 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.2 0.3 1.7 1.4 -0.1 0.6
Friendships satisfaction 1.4 1.7 6.6 -1.1 -2.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.5 -1.6 -1.3 0.9 2.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.2 1.9 12.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.7 -1.5 -0.0 -3.5 0.4 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.7 0.7 2.0 -1.1 -0.1 -1.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 1.2 1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 1.0 3.6 1.6 -0.9 1.5 1.9 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.1 0.7 1.1 -0.0 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.0 -0.3 0.4
Medication for cholesterol 1.1 1.6 5.8 0.0 -0.6 -1.2 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.7 -0.7 2.3 -0.7 2.4 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.1 1.3 5.6 0.7 2.4 0.9 0.8 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.1 2.3 0.7 0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 1.4 2.0 9.7 1.4 1.4 0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 2.3 1.3 3.1 -0.6 -0.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 2.2 -0.1 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.1 1.0 0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.0
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 7.8 0.4 0.1 -1.8 -2.4 0.5 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -2.8 -1.2 -0.3 -0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.8 0.1 1.1 -0.8 -1.7 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 1.3 0.3 1.9 -1.2 -0.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 0.5 0.0 2.1 -1.0 0.8 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.6 0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.1 0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.7 -1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 1.0 5.8 1.3 -0.1 2.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -1.2 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.3
Medication: Gliclazide 1.8 2.1 10.6 0.3 -3.3 0.4 1.0 -2.6 -0.1 -0.6 -2.0 0.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.8 3.6 -0.3 1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 -1.9 -1.4
Smoking status: Current 0.7 1.1 4.2 1.6 -0.2 2.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 -1.4 -1.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.9 1.8 6.1 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.1 1.2 -1.4 2.5 1.6 1.5 0.4 -0.9 -1.1
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.7 8.0 -1.3 1.4 -0.8 0.1 -2.1 -0.8 2.8 0.3 0.5 -0.2 1.0 -1.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.5 6.3 -1.2 1.5 -0.6 0.5 -2.1 -0.9 2.5 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -1.3
Arm fat mass (left) 0.2 1.0 5.6 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.1 -2.4 -0.2 1.5 -0.9 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.0 1.8 5.3 0.8 0.9 1.9 -0.4 -2.1 0.4 -1.8 0.7 1.2 2.3 -0.8 -0.5
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.8 1.1 4.7 1.5 -0.9 -0.3 0.9 2.2 0.1 0.3 -0.6 0.4 -1.4 -1.1 -1.3
Miserableness 0.9 1.5 4.9 0.9 0.3 2.2 0.8 1.9 1.1 -2.0 0.1 0.9 0.9 -0.3 1.1
Guilty feelings 0.8 1.2 4.2 0.7 -0.5 2.1 -0.1 1.8 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.6 -0.3 -1.9 0.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.3 3.6 -0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.0 -0.8 -1.9 0.4 1.8 1.6 1.1 -0.6 -1.2
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.6 4.7 0.8 -1.3 1.6 2.2 -0.9 1.3 -1.7 -1.7 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 0.4
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 -0.5 0.9 0.4 -0.8
Mother’s age at death 1.7 2.1 7.5 -1.2 0.9 -1.7 -1.9 0.2 -2.7 2.3 0.5 -1.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.4
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.4 2.8 -0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.0 -0.5 0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.6 0.7 2.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -1.6 -1.5 -0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.8 0.9 2.9 -0.6 -1.1 0.4 1.3 0.0 0.3 -1.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 1.7 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.7 -0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.7 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.2 0.6 -0.7
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.1 2.9 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.6 0.8 -1.7 1.0 -1.4 -0.5
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.9 1.1 5.1 0.6 0.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 -1.7 0.9 0.4 -2.3 1.4 0.9 0.5
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.9 6.5 0.0 -0.2 -2.0 -2.5 0.1 -1.3 1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.2 0.3 1.6 1.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.6 2.0 1.4 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 -1.4 0.6 0.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.5 1.0 0.7 -0.7 0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.0 0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.9 4.1 1.2 0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.8 0.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -2.0 -1.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.7 0.8 4.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 2.1 1.7
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.8 2.2 5.9 -1.7 1.5 -2.4 -1.0 -1.0 -2.4 0.8 1.8 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -1.7
Ever smoked 0.9 1.6 5.2 1.6 0.4 1.8 1.1 0.1 1.2 -2.3 0.4 0.9 2.1 -0.4 0.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.5 6.9 -1.1 1.2 -0.7 0.2 -2.1 -0.6 2.6 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.8 -1.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.6 2.0 8.8 1.3 -1.0 0.2 0.1 -3.0 1.1 -0.3 -2.4 0.3 -0.4 -1.4 -1.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.1 5.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -2.1 -0.4 2.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.5 -1.2
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.4 2.0 6.8 2.6 1.6 0.1 -0.4 1.5 -0.4 1.5 1.0 -0.0 1.4 -1.8 -2.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.6 3.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.5 -1.3 -1.7 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.6
Irritability 0.6 1.0 2.5 1.2 -1.1 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.3 -1.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 1.4
Risk taking 0.9 1.3 3.6 -0.1 -1.3 0.4 1.3 1.7 0.4 0.4 -1.0 0.8 -1.9 -0.2 1.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.6 0.6 2.2 0.1 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 1.5 0.4 0.0 1.1 0.9 0.3 1.3 0.7
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.2 1.5 4.5 0.3 -1.0 1.2 0.4 0.2 -0.6 2.1 -0.8 1.8 -1.0 -1.5 -1.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 3.5 4.4 20.7 0.3 -3.6 -1.5 0.0 -0.0 0.5 0.6 -3.5 -1.5 -4.6 -0.3 -1.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.2 3.4 0.0 0.2 -1.1 -1.8 -1.3 -0.3 1.0 -0.8 1.6 -1.5 0.1 -1.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.7 2.0 8.8 3.0 -1.9 1.5 0.2 1.5 0.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.3 1.7 5.6 1.2 -1.2 2.4 1.7 -0.6 1.2 -1.3 -1.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.9 1.1 3.5 -1.7 -0.5 0.3 0.7 1.9 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.6 1.2 1.5
Myopia 0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.8 -1.4 -0.5 -0.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.4 1.0 4.0 -1.2 -0.6 -0.0 1.4 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.4 2.0 1.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.2 4.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.4 -0.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.0 -2.1 -1.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.8 2.1 4.9 1.9 2.0 1.0 -0.4 1.2 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.6 2.2 -0.6 -2.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.6 1.0 4.4 -1.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.9 -1.4 -2.1 0.3 -0.9
Supplements: Calcium 1.0 1.1 4.8 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.9 2.2 -0.7 1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 5.8 -0.9 0.5 -2.4 -1.7 -0.2 -1.8 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -1.0 0.2 -0.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 4.4 -0.8 0.8 -0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.2 -1.3 1.0 -2.1 1.4 0.6 0.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.8 -1.1 0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 -0.0 0.6 0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 1.3 1.6 6.5 0.4 2.5 -0.4 -1.7 1.0 0.2 0.9 1.8 0.3 1.9 0.5 0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.3 2.6 6.9 0.2 -2.6 1.1 1.9 -0.5 0.7 -2.1 -2.4 -0.5 -1.2 1.0 2.5
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.8 3.9 1.0 -1.1 0.0 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -1.4 -2.0 -0.0 0.3 0.5
Impedance of whole body 0.9 4.7 10.6 3.0 -1.2 2.5 1.1 3.1 3.2 -3.2 -0.1 2.3 0.8 0.0 1.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.4 1.5 7.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 0.2 -2.8 0.7 0.7 -1.8 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -1.9
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.1 5.0 -0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.5 -2.1 -0.1 2.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.8 -1.1