Hub : Genes

PROS1

Models

#	panel	tissue	h2	h2 se	h2 P	eQTL R2	BLUP R2	ENET R2	BSLMM R2	LASSO R2	eQTL P	BLUP P	ENET P	BSLMM P	LASSO P
1	CommonMind	Brain Pre-frontal Cortex	0.1060	0.0340	3.0e-10	0.086	0.104	0.101	0.108	0.104	1.4e-10	1.3e-12	3.1e-12	4.7e-13	1.2e-12
2	GTEx	Adipose Subcutaneous	0.0860	0.0400	1.0e-03	0.057	NA	0.056	NA	0.052	2.0e-05	NA	2.4e-05	NA	4.5e-05
3	GTEx	Heart Atrial Appendage	0.3100	0.1030	5.1e-06	0.160	NA	0.187	NA	-0.005	1.2e-07	NA	8.5e-09	NA	6.7e-01
4	GTEx	Heart Left Ventricle	0.1476	0.0677	8.1e-05	0.076	NA	0.000	NA	0.010	7.0e-05	NA	3.0e-01	NA	9.0e-02
5	GTEx	Lung	0.0744	0.0429	4.9e-03	-0.003	NA	0.002	NA	-0.004	6.5e-01	NA	2.3e-01	NA	8.8e-01
6	GTEx	Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg	0.0480	0.0220	2.1e-03	0.023	NA	0.022	NA	0.020	5.0e-03	NA	5.3e-03	NA	8.0e-03
7	TCGA	Breast Invasive Carcinoma	0.0138	0.0082	4.8e-03	0.005	0.009	0.002	NA	0.004	3.3e-02	4.2e-03	1.0e-01	NA	5.0e-02

Trait associations

Trait	Avg chi2 ratio	Avg chi2	Max chi2	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Bipolar Disorder (2018)	1.0	1.6	3.8	-1.1	-1.3	-1.8	1.9	0.0	-1.0	-0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia	0.2	0.5	1.2	0.4	-0.6	-0.0	0.7	0.9	-0.5	1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018)	0.2	0.5	1.4	-0.5	-0.5	-1.2	1.0	-0.3	0.3	-0.7
Depression (Nagel 2018)	0.3	0.4	1.2	0.2	0.4	0.5	-0.4	-0.8	1.1	-0.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018)	1.0	3.0	8.2	-0.4	-0.5	2.9	-2.9	1.3	-1.5	-0.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018)	0.2	0.5	1.3	-0.4	-0.6	-0.8	0.8	-1.1	0.1	-0.8
Schizophrenia (2018)	0.6	1.3	3.2	1.4	0.2	1.4	-0.6	1.0	0.0	1.8
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder	3.2	4.3	8.4	2.2	2.4	2.9	-2.8	0.0	1.0	1.5
Worry (Nagel 2018)	0.1	0.3	1.3	0.3	-0.1	0.3	-0.3	-1.2	-0.2	-0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother)	0.4	0.4	2.3	-0.5	-0.6	0.1	-1.5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father)	0.9	0.9	2.2	1.0	0.2	1.4	-1.5	0.8	0.3	0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy)	1.0	1.5	6.2	0.9	0.3	1.3	-2.5	0.6	0.6	1.0
Crohns Disease (2017)	0.4	0.9	1.5	-1.2	-1.2	-0.9	0.9	0.1	-0.6	-1.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD)	0.6	1.5	3.4	-1.5	-0.4	-1.8	1.7	-0.7	-0.3	-1.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC)	0.7	1.3	2.8	-1.3	0.2	-1.7	1.5	-1.1	-0.4	-1.1
Major Depression (MDD)	1.6	2.0	5.3	-2.2	-1.1	-1.1	0.7	-0.7	-0.4	-2.3
Reaction Time	0.3	0.6	1.4	-0.5	0.1	-1.2	1.2	-0.6	-0.4	-0.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR)	0.8	2.0	7.0	0.4	0.1	2.6	-2.0	1.7	-0.2	-0.1
Breast Cancer	0.1	0.4	1.1	0.2	0.9	-0.3	-1.0	-0.5	0.5	0.1
Ovarian Cancer	0.9	1.2	4.0	1.0	0.4	1.5	-2.0	-0.0	-0.6	0.9
Prostate Cancer	0.7	0.9	2.2	1.5	1.0	1.2	0.8	1.1	-0.1	0.3
Age at First Birth	1.7	2.5	4.8	1.8	1.2	2.1	-2.2	0.8	1.3	1.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011)	0.3	0.3	0.6	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	0.2	0.0	0.5	0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010)	1.1	1.5	2.8	-1.1	-1.7	-1.6	1.1	0.6	-1.5	-0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)	2.4	2.9	5.6	1.5	2.0	1.5	-0.0	2.0	2.4	1.4
Crohns Disease (2012)	0.3	0.4	2.2	0.1	0.3	0.8	0.1	0.0	1.5	0.4
Mean Putamen Volume	0.6	0.7	1.6	-1.3	-1.2	-0.3	-0.3	0.8	-0.5	-0.6
Fasting Glucose	0.5	0.6	1.3	0.0	-0.9	-1.0	0.6	-0.5	-1.1	0.5
HbA1C	0.6	0.7	1.7	-0.4	-0.5	-1.2	1.3	1.1	-0.1	0.2
HDL Cholesterol	0.6	0.9	3.2	-0.3	0.2	-1.4	1.8	-0.8	-0.3	-0.7
LDL Cholesterol	0.2	0.3	0.9	-0.6	0.3	-0.4	-0.2	-0.8	0.0	-0.9
Lupus	0.4	0.5	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.6	-0.4	-0.3	0.6	0.5
Neuroticism (2016)	0.1	0.2	0.7	-0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.7	-0.8	0.4	-0.3
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis	0.7	1.0	2.1	-1.2	-0.8	-1.4	1.0	-0.1	-0.7	-1.3
Rheumatoid Arthritis	2.2	3.1	6.7	-2.4	-2.6	-0.9	0.7	-0.2	-2.1	-1.8
Schizophrenia (2014)	0.8	1.8	3.5	1.8	0.6	1.9	-1.5	0.8	0.2	1.7
Triglycerides	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.4	0.1	0.0	-0.2	-0.5	0.3	-0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012)	1.2	1.4	4.4	-1.0	-1.6	-2.1	0.6	0.4	-1.0	0.0
Ulcerative Colitis	0.8	1.1	3.8	-0.7	0.3	-1.3	1.9	0.0	1.3	-0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count	0.3	2.7	6.5	-2.5	-1.7	-1.9	1.3	0.3	-2.0	-0.4
Blood Platelet Count	0.0	0.5	1.1	-1.1	-0.8	0.4	-0.9	1.0	-0.1	-0.0
Blood Red Count	0.3	2.5	8.3	-1.3	-0.9	0.3	-1.6	-2.9	-1.4	-1.6
Blood White Count	0.3	2.4	7.8	-2.8	-1.8	-0.9	-0.3	1.2	-1.8	-0.8
Heel T-Score	0.3	2.1	7.8	0.6	-1.1	-0.9	0.9	2.8	-0.2	1.8
BMI	3.9	22.6	59.9	-4.9	-5.0	-7.7	5.6	-0.7	-3.9	-1.5
Height	0.3	5.8	11.4	2.3	2.2	1.8	0.1	3.4	3.1	2.6
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR)	0.1	0.6	2.6	0.4	0.7	0.8	-0.5	-0.4	1.6	0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure	0.1	0.6	1.8	0.8	-0.7	0.7	0.2	1.4	0.2	0.9
Smoking Status	0.9	2.2	8.6	-1.5	-0.9	-2.9	1.8	0.1	-0.4	0.0
Allergy or Eczema	0.1	0.2	0.8	-0.2	-0.5	-0.9	0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.0
Cardiovascular Disease	0.9	3.0	7.9	-1.5	-2.0	-2.3	2.8	0.4	-0.9	-0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported)	0.6	1.3	4.0	-0.8	-1.0	-0.6	0.4	-2.0	-1.1	-1.4
Respiratory disease	2.3	5.1	10.5	-1.9	-2.7	-3.2	2.9	0.1	-1.8	-1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018)	1.0	1.9	6.4	-1.4	-0.6	-2.5	1.6	-1.2	-0.7	-0.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio	1.4	7.0	18.4	-2.8	-2.6	-4.3	2.4	-0.9	-2.5	-1.7
Lung FVC	0.8	4.2	7.2	2.1	2.6	1.8	-2.1	0.6	2.7	1.7
Neuroticism	0.2	0.6	1.2	-0.1	0.2	-1.0	1.1	-0.9	0.7	-0.6
Chronotype (morning person)	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.0	0.2	-0.6	0.2	0.1	0.4	-0.0
Hair Pigment	0.0	0.4	1.3	0.5	0.2	-0.7	0.5	1.2	0.5	0.8
Tanning	0.2	1.9	5.8	0.9	0.7	0.8	-0.3	2.4	1.1	2.1
Hand grip strength (left)	0.5	1.2	2.0	1.1	1.1	1.4	-0.6	1.1	1.4	0.9
Number of treatments/medications taken	2.9	5.2	9.7	-2.2	-2.5	-3.1	2.5	-1.5	-1.9	-1.9
Average weekly spirits intake	2.4	3.0	8.0	-2.2	-1.5	-2.8	2.2	0.6	-0.6	-0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.2	-0.0	-0.4	0.9	0.6	0.9	-0.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks	0.3	0.5	1.6	0.0	0.9	0.7	-0.6	-0.2	1.3	-0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes	0.4	0.7	1.5	-0.8	-1.2	-0.0	-1.1	0.7	-0.8	0.4
Relative age of first facial hair	0.0	0.1	0.2	-0.0	0.4	0.1	-0.4	-0.2	0.3	0.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor	0.6	0.8	3.0	-0.8	-0.1	0.2	-0.8	-1.7	0.7	-1.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT)	1.7	2.1	4.9	-0.4	-1.7	-1.2	1.3	-2.2	-1.7	-1.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed)	0.7	0.8	1.7	-1.3	-1.2	-1.2	0.1	-0.6	-0.8	-0.6
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.3	0.8	2.4	0.8	-0.6	-0.1	0.8	1.6	0.5	1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease	1.6	1.7	3.0	-1.4	-1.4	-1.5	1.7	0.6	-1.6	-0.4
Angina	0.3	0.4	0.9	-0.5	-0.4	0.3	-0.7	-0.5	-0.9	-1.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy	0.7	0.8	1.3	-0.5	-1.0	-1.0	1.1	-1.1	-0.8	-0.6
Vitamin and mineral supplements	0.9	1.2	2.4	-1.5	-0.8	-0.8	1.2	-0.6	-1.0	-1.3
Supplements: Zinc	0.3	0.3	0.9	-0.3	-0.1	-0.0	-0.8	-1.0	-0.8	-0.1
Medication: Co-codamol	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.6	0.6	1.0	0.8
Medication: Metformin	1.9	2.7	9.5	-1.7	-1.4	-3.1	1.9	0.0	-1.0	0.2
Diabetes (father)	0.4	0.5	1.1	-0.5	-0.8	-1.1	0.8	-0.5	-0.8	0.0
Diabetes (mother)	1.1	1.4	3.3	-1.5	-1.4	-1.8	0.6	-0.7	-1.1	-0.3
Severe depression (siblings)	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.4	-0.2	0.3	-0.4	0.7	-0.5	0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion	0.9	1.4	2.2	-1.5	-1.5	-1.5	1.1	0.6	-1.1	0.3
Impedance of leg (right)	2.2	10.6	19.4	4.3	3.6	4.4	-3.1	0.2	2.7	2.4
Leg fat-free mass (left)	1.4	7.3	18.7	-3.1	-2.3	-4.3	3.5	1.5	-1.7	-0.4
Trunk fat percentage	2.1	8.3	26.3	-2.8	-2.3	-5.1	4.0	0.5	-1.6	0.2
Hand grip strength (right)	0.7	1.8	4.5	1.3	1.8	1.6	-0.5	0.7	2.1	0.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment	1.6	2.3	6.9	-1.4	-0.5	-2.6	2.1	0.0	-1.3	-0.8
Current tobacco smoking	0.2	0.4	1.1	-0.4	0.0	-1.0	0.9	0.5	0.1	0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.9	0.7	-0.1
Maternal smoking around birth	1.3	1.9	7.3	-0.5	-0.9	-2.2	2.7	-0.4	0.3	0.2
Fed-up feelings	0.5	0.9	2.5	0.5	0.9	-0.8	1.5	-0.3	1.6	0.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks	0.4	0.5	0.9	0.1	0.8	0.6	-0.8	-0.8	0.5	-1.0
Relative age voice broke	0.3	0.4	1.0	0.8	0.6	-0.1	0.1	0.3	1.0	0.8
Taking other prescription medications	0.6	1.0	2.1	-1.1	-1.5	-1.2	0.8	-1.0	-0.3	-0.5
Age when periods started (menarche)	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.4	0.1	-0.6	0.1	-0.1	0.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed)	1.4	1.6	3.7	-1.8	-1.6	-1.9	0.5	0.3	-1.2	-0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left)	0.4	0.9	2.8	0.4	-0.2	-1.1	1.7	1.1	-0.2	1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past	0.3	0.4	1.0	-0.5	-0.6	-1.0	0.6	0.1	-0.2	0.7
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent	0.4	0.5	1.7	0.6	0.3	0.4	-0.5	1.3	0.1	0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself	0.7	0.8	1.8	0.6	1.0	0.0	0.3	0.9	1.2	1.3
High blood pressure	0.4	1.2	2.3	-1.0	-1.4	-0.9	1.5	1.4	-0.3	-0.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema	0.6	1.3	3.1	-1.1	-1.2	-1.8	1.2	-0.9	-0.7	-0.7
Multivitamins +/- minerals	0.6	0.8	1.7	1.2	0.3	0.6	-1.3	0.8	0.4	1.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.3	0.7	0.5	-0.2	-0.2	0.8	-0.0
Supplements: Glucosamine	0.6	0.7	1.8	1.1	0.2	1.0	-1.4	-0.4	0.3	0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported)	1.0	1.2	3.2	1.1	1.8	0.8	-0.2	-0.2	1.7	0.8
Medication: Atenolol	1.2	1.5	3.0	-1.7	-1.6	-1.2	0.9	-0.5	-0.9	-1.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.3	-0.1	0.2	-0.7	-0.7	0.2	-0.4
Sitting height	0.1	0.8	2.2	-0.5	0.3	-1.1	1.5	0.8	1.1	0.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father)	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.4	-0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.0	0.1	0.7
High blood pressure (mother)	0.6	0.8	3.0	0.2	-0.6	-0.5	1.7	-0.3	-1.2	-0.6
Body mass index (BMI)	3.5	15.0	37.3	-4.1	-4.0	-6.1	4.7	0.2	-3.4	-1.2
Impedance of leg (left)	1.9	9.3	17.5	4.2	3.5	4.1	-2.5	0.3	2.7	2.2
Leg predicted mass (left)	1.3	7.0	18.2	-3.0	-2.2	-4.3	3.5	1.6	-1.6	-0.3
Trunk fat mass	2.4	10.3	29.8	-3.2	-2.8	-5.5	4.4	0.9	-1.9	-0.1
Waist circumference	2.9	10.6	26.4	-3.7	-3.4	-5.1	3.8	0.1	-2.5	-1.2
Number of incorrect matches in round	0.7	1.2	2.9	-1.7	-1.5	-0.9	0.5	0.2	-1.1	-0.9
Past tobacco smoking	2.1	3.8	10.5	1.9	2.4	3.2	-2.0	-0.6	1.6	0.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals	1.4	2.3	3.6	1.7	1.7	1.5	-1.9	-0.5	1.9	1.0
Nervous feelings	0.2	0.4	1.4	0.2	-0.5	0.6	-0.1	-1.2	-0.4	-0.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks	0.3	0.5	2.3	-0.9	-0.4	0.2	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1	-1.5
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise	1.4	2.3	5.5	-2.3	-2.0	-1.3	-0.4	-0.7	-1.6	-1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2	0.3	0.4	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.8	-0.9	0.5	0.4	0.5
Had menopause	0.2	0.3	1.2	0.4	-0.3	1.1	-0.6	-0.2	0.1	0.5
Had other major operations	0.2	0.3	1.5	-0.3	-0.0	-0.3	0.5	0.1	1.2	0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC)	1.9	7.3	12.5	2.6	3.4	2.9	-2.0	2.0	3.5	2.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right)	0.6	1.5	4.0	1.1	0.2	-0.3	1.2	2.0	0.8	1.7
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week	0.9	1.1	1.8	-1.4	-1.3	-0.3	0.2	-1.3	-0.9	-1.3
Qualifications: None of the above	0.4	0.9	2.7	-0.4	-1.0	-1.6	0.5	-0.3	-1.0	1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years	0.2	0.3	0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.6	0.9	-0.0	-0.1	-0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.4	-0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2	-0.6
Heart attack	0.5	0.7	2.6	-0.3	-1.2	-0.6	-0.2	0.0	-1.6	-0.1
Allergy	1.7	4.0	10.4	1.9	1.8	3.2	-2.6	0.7	1.1	1.6
Pain all over the body in last month	0.5	0.5	1.5	-0.1	-0.7	-1.0	1.2	-0.5	-0.3	-0.4
Diabetes (self-reported)	1.1	1.8	5.0	-1.5	-1.1	-2.2	1.4	-0.2	-1.3	0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported)	1.0	1.3	4.1	-1.1	-1.0	-2.0	1.6	-0.2	-0.2	-0.3
Medication: Ramipril	0.4	0.5	2.8	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.1	1.7	0.1	0.4
Medication: Simvastatin	9.1	13.3	17.2	-3.7	-4.1	-4.1	3.2	-3.7	-3.3	-3.2
Fluid intelligence score	0.6	1.2	2.1	-0.8	-0.8	1.4	-1.2	1.1	-1.5	-1.0
Illnesses of siblings	0.5	0.8	1.8	0.6	0.5	1.2	-1.4	1.0	0.3	0.7
Neuroticism score	0.2	0.4	1.1	-0.4	-0.4	-0.7	1.0	-0.6	0.3	-0.9
Weight	2.1	10.4	27.4	-3.3	-3.0	-5.2	4.4	1.4	-2.2	-0.4
Impedance of arm (right)	0.8	3.7	7.5	1.8	2.7	1.9	-1.9	-1.3	2.4	1.0
Arm fat percentage (right)	3.6	14.3	39.8	-4.2	-3.4	-6.3	4.7	-0.8	-2.7	-1.2
Trunk fat-free mass	0.7	3.8	7.5	-1.7	-1.8	-2.6	2.7	2.3	-1.1	0.0
Hip circumference	2.3	9.8	24.7	-3.6	-3.0	-5.0	3.6	-0.1	-2.8	-1.3
Time employed in main current job	0.3	0.4	0.9	-0.5	0.3	0.5	-1.0	-0.7	0.6	-0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously	2.3	3.5	5.6	-2.2	-2.0	-2.1	0.7	-1.5	-2.4	-1.8
Father’s age at death	0.8	1.1	2.4	1.6	1.2	1.2	-0.5	0.9	0.8	0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings	0.8	1.6	3.2	1.8	1.6	1.5	-1.1	0.1	1.2	0.7
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks	0.3	0.5	1.7	0.2	0.7	1.3	-0.8	-0.1	0.9	-0.2
Falls in the last year	0.3	0.3	0.8	-0.4	-0.7	-0.9	0.8	0.4	-0.1	-0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3	0.4	0.6	1.6	-0.9	0.3	0.2	0.0	-1.3	-0.5	-1.2
Number of live births	0.7	0.9	2.4	-1.0	-1.6	-0.2	1.3	-0.0	0.0	-1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1)	1.6	5.4	9.8	2.3	3.1	2.4	-1.8	1.8	2.8	1.7
Pulse rate	1.3	2.2	5.3	-0.0	-0.3	-1.6	1.9	2.3	0.9	1.7
Happiness	0.4	0.5	1.3	-0.5	-0.2	-0.9	1.1	-0.5	0.9	-0.4
Noisy workplace	0.2	0.3	0.6	-0.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.7	0.8	0.1	0.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent	0.5	1.2	3.1	0.4	1.2	1.8	-0.6	1.2	1.1	-0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years	0.7	0.8	2.5	0.5	-0.2	1.2	-0.1	1.6	1.1	0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures	0.7	1.1	3.7	-0.7	-1.0	-0.0	-0.4	-1.2	-1.9	-1.0
Asthma	3.9	7.7	16.5	-2.6	-3.0	-4.1	3.7	0.6	-1.9	-2.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen)	0.9	1.1	3.0	0.6	-0.0	-0.8	1.7	1.7	0.0	0.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering	4.2	6.6	9.0	-2.3	-2.4	-2.7	3.0	-2.4	-2.4	-2.7
Depression (self-reported)	0.4	0.5	1.6	0.2	0.5	-0.3	1.1	-0.7	1.2	-0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole	0.6	0.6	1.2	-0.9	-1.0	-0.3	0.2	1.0	-1.1	-0.6
Prospective memory result	0.7	0.8	3.2	-0.6	-0.8	-1.8	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.5
Lung cancer (father)	0.5	0.6	2.8	0.1	0.8	-0.4	0.4	-0.2	1.7	0.1
Illnesses of mother	0.3	0.4	1.4	-0.2	0.7	0.0	-0.5	0.7	1.2	0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure	1.2	3.9	7.8	1.7	2.8	1.6	-1.7	1.6	2.6	1.4
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index	0.1	0.2	0.9	-0.3	-0.1	-0.4	0.0	-0.9	-0.2	-0.0
Impedance of arm (left)	1.2	5.4	11.2	2.2	3.3	2.3	-2.5	-1.1	2.7	1.4
Arm fat mass (right)	3.3	13.8	37.9	-3.8	-3.4	-6.2	5.0	0.2	-2.7	-0.8
Trunk predicted mass	0.6	3.5	7.1	-1.6	-1.7	-2.5	2.7	2.2	-1.1	0.1
Standing height	0.4	3.8	8.5	1.7	1.8	1.5	-0.2	2.9	2.4	2.0
Length of working week for main job	1.0	1.1	2.5	0.6	1.5	0.7	-1.0	0.4	1.6	0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.0	0.4	-0.2	-0.5	-0.8	0.2	0.6
Breastfed as a baby	1.9	2.4	4.7	0.9	1.9	2.2	-1.0	1.3	2.0	0.9
Tense / ‘highly strung’	0.3	0.5	1.4	-0.7	-0.7	-0.0	0.9	-0.4	-0.5	-1.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	0.6	0.9	1.5	-0.9	-1.1	-0.6	1.0	-1.2	-0.2	-1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	-0.3	-0.6	0.5	0.4	-0.0	-0.1
Birth weight of first child	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.5	0.5	0.3	-0.6	-0.2	0.2	-0.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)	0.6	1.5	3.3	0.9	1.4	0.7	-0.1	1.8	1.8	0.8
Pulse wave reflection index	0.8	1.0	3.8	-0.6	-0.3	-0.6	-0.0	-1.9	-0.6	-1.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.4	1.0	-0.4	-0.3	-0.1	-0.0	0.5
Loud music exposure frequency	1.3	1.4	3.0	-1.4	-1.2	-1.7	1.0	0.3	-1.3	-0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent	0.7	1.1	4.3	0.2	-0.2	2.1	-1.2	0.5	-0.3	-1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums	1.7	2.2	6.8	1.3	0.9	0.3	-0.6	2.0	1.3	2.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT)	0.9	1.2	5.9	0.0	0.6	-0.1	-0.5	-2.4	0.4	-1.3
Medication: Paracetamol	0.5	0.8	2.1	1.4	1.1	0.4	0.2	0.2	1.0	1.0
Headache pain in last month	0.5	0.8	2.1	0.8	0.7	1.4	-0.4	-1.4	0.4	-0.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes	1.7	2.8	8.1	1.2	1.2	2.3	-2.8	0.8	1.0	1.4
Glaucoma (self-reported)	0.5	0.6	1.5	-1.2	-0.6	-0.8	0.6	-0.2	-0.1	-1.0
Gout (self-reported)	1.2	1.7	3.2	1.6	1.8	1.0	-0.6	0.7	1.5	1.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported)	0.5	0.9	2.2	-0.7	-1.0	-0.7	0.4	-1.5	-0.9	-1.1
Medication: Amlodipine	0.8	1.1	2.6	-1.6	-1.3	-0.6	0.9	-0.2	-0.2	-1.4
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler	1.1	1.4	2.8	-1.2	-1.4	-1.7	1.0	1.3	-0.8	-0.5
Birth weight	0.7	1.5	3.6	0.1	1.7	0.8	-1.9	-0.2	1.8	0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother)	0.4	0.5	1.4	0.6	0.4	-0.1	0.2	0.9	0.7	1.2
High blood pressure (siblings)	0.5	0.7	2.5	-0.3	-0.5	-0.9	1.6	-0.5	-0.4	-0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure	1.9	6.8	12.5	2.1	3.4	2.5	-2.3	2.0	3.5	2.0
Body fat percentage	2.4	9.3	28.7	-3.0	-2.6	-5.4	4.1	0.2	-2.0	-0.2
Leg fat percentage (right)	2.0	7.2	21.1	-2.4	-2.5	-4.6	3.6	0.1	-2.1	-0.3
Arm fat-free mass (right)	0.7	3.8	7.0	-1.6	-1.7	-2.6	2.6	2.4	-1.2	0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home	0.6	0.8	4.7	-0.5	-0.1	-0.4	0.3	2.2	0.8	0.0
Comparative body size at age 10	0.2	0.6	1.5	-0.7	-0.0	-0.8	0.8	-1.2	-0.5	-0.8
Number of full brothers	0.2	0.2	1.0	-0.2	0.1	1.0	-0.5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment	0.2	0.3	1.1	0.3	-0.1	1.0	-0.8	0.5	0.3	0.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year	0.9	1.7	4.0	-0.9	-1.4	-2.0	1.8	-0.0	-1.0	-0.7
Number of children fathered	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.6	0.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution	2.1	2.4	7.1	-0.3	-0.1	2.6	-2.7	-0.3	-0.9	-1.4
Age at first live birth	0.2	0.4	1.7	0.5	-0.1	1.3	-1.0	-0.0	-0.2	-0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.3	0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.9	0.3	0.1
Health satisfaction	0.8	1.0	2.1	-1.1	-0.1	-1.5	1.1	-0.7	0.8	-1.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground	0.2	0.2	0.4	-0.5	-0.6	-0.6	-0.0	0.6	-0.3	-0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree	2.7	8.6	22.1	2.5	2.8	4.7	-4.2	0.7	2.1	1.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.8	0.4	0.6	-0.8	0.1	0.4	0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth	0.9	1.1	3.5	0.1	1.2	-1.3	0.2	-1.9	0.9	0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis	1.0	1.1	4.3	-0.2	-0.6	-1.2	2.1	-0.3	-0.6	-0.9
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn	0.5	0.9	4.2	-0.5	-0.4	1.1	-2.0	-0.6	-0.4	-0.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month	0.9	1.3	4.0	0.8	1.3	2.0	-0.8	0.4	1.1	0.5
Medication: Blood pressure	1.0	1.8	4.4	-1.2	-0.9	-2.1	2.0	-0.2	-0.8	-1.0
Angina (self-reported)	0.2	0.2	0.7	-0.6	-0.4	0.0	-0.4	-0.2	-0.5	-0.8
Migraine (self-reported)	0.2	0.3	1.2	0.4	-0.4	0.7	1.1	-0.2	0.1	-0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen	0.9	1.1	3.9	0.7	0.1	-0.5	1.5	2.0	0.1	0.7
Medication: Allopurinol	0.5	0.6	1.4	0.8	1.2	-0.3	0.5	0.3	1.1	0.8
Medication: Omeprazole	1.2	1.4	2.7	-0.9	-0.6	-1.3	1.6	-1.3	-0.3	-1.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler	0.6	0.7	1.6	0.0	-0.6	-1.3	1.0	1.1	0.2	1.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches	0.2	0.4	1.4	-0.5	-0.3	-1.2	0.9	0.1	-0.6	-0.2
Heart disease (mother)	0.7	0.9	3.9	-0.3	-0.2	0.1	0.6	-2.0	0.2	-1.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria	1.6	1.9	3.0	1.6	1.5	1.7	-1.4	-0.7	1.1	1.5
Whole body fat mass	2.8	11.7	34.1	-3.4	-3.0	-5.8	4.7	0.6	-2.2	-0.2
Leg fat mass (right)	2.5	9.9	27.4	-3.2	-3.0	-5.2	4.0	0.4	-2.4	-0.4
Arm predicted mass (right)	0.9	4.5	8.6	-1.7	-1.9	-2.9	2.9	2.2	-1.6	0.3
Pulse rate, automated reading	0.8	2.7	6.8	-0.4	-0.4	-2.5	2.6	1.9	-0.1	1.4
Alcohol intake frequency.	1.7	4.1	5.8	-2.4	-2.0	-1.6	1.2	-2.0	-2.4	-2.2
Comparative height size at age 10	0.3	1.5	4.8	0.8	1.5	1.1	-0.4	1.0	2.2	0.9
Number of full sisters	0.5	0.7	1.4	0.8	0.8	0.7	-0.5	1.2	0.9	0.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’	0.6	1.0	4.8	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.1	-2.2	-0.5	-1.1
Overall health rating	0.1	0.3	0.9	-0.4	0.3	-0.7	1.0	0.1	0.6	-0.2
Chest pain or discomfort	0.3	0.4	0.9	-1.0	-0.3	-0.6	-0.4	-1.0	0.1	-0.4
Had major operations	0.6	0.8	2.9	-0.6	-0.7	-0.8	0.8	1.7	0.2	0.5
Age at last live birth	0.8	1.1	3.7	-1.3	-1.9	-0.4	0.1	-0.1	-0.8	-1.3
Family relationship satisfaction	1.0	1.3	3.6	-0.9	-0.0	-1.9	1.7	-0.6	0.9	-0.7
Leg pain on walking	0.6	0.7	1.5	-0.8	-0.6	-1.1	0.8	-0.8	0.1	-1.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent	0.9	1.1	3.1	-0.6	-1.1	-1.6	1.8	0.2	-0.8	-0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.2	0.0	0.7	-0.0	0.4	-0.9	-0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years	0.9	1.1	3.2	-0.5	-1.1	-0.7	-0.1	-1.4	-1.8	-1.0
Medication: Aspirin	2.4	3.2	4.1	-1.5	-1.7	-1.8	1.7	-1.8	-2.0	-2.0
Supplements: Vitamin C	1.6	1.9	4.0	2.0	1.7	1.3	-1.1	1.0	1.0	1.5
Knee pain experienced in last month	0.8	1.2	3.7	1.0	0.8	0.3	-0.1	1.5	0.9	1.9
Hypertension (Self-reported)	0.4	1.2	2.5	-0.7	-1.3	-1.0	1.5	1.6	-0.1	0.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported)	1.5	1.7	2.2	-1.3	-1.3	-1.5	1.4	-0.8	-1.2	-1.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease	0.4	0.6	1.7	-0.5	-0.9	-0.6	0.3	0.9	-1.3	0.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes	4.3	5.3	15.0	-2.1	-1.2	-3.9	3.0	-2.2	-1.1	-1.3
Smoking status: Previous	2.4	3.6	9.5	-1.9	-2.3	-3.1	1.9	0.2	-1.6	-0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted	0.7	1.5	5.6	0.9	1.2	0.6	0.3	2.4	0.9	1.1
Whole body fat-free mass	0.9	5.3	11.2	-2.2	-2.0	-3.4	3.2	2.1	-1.4	-0.0
Leg fat-free mass (right)	1.4	7.7	19.5	-3.1	-2.3	-4.4	3.7	1.6	-1.7	-0.5
Arm fat percentage (left)	3.5	13.8	39.6	-4.2	-3.2	-6.3	4.4	-0.8	-2.8	-1.2
Average weekly red wine intake	1.4	2.1	4.7	1.6	1.8	0.5	-1.1	0.7	2.2	1.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed	0.8	1.0	2.2	-0.5	-1.0	-0.4	1.0	-1.1	-0.9	-1.5
Mood swings	0.7	1.3	3.5	-0.3	0.5	-1.8	1.9	-0.8	1.1	-0.6
Loneliness, isolation	1.2	1.6	3.2	-1.8	-1.7	-1.8	1.0	-0.1	-1.1	-0.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity	0.3	0.5	1.1	-0.6	-0.8	-0.8	1.1	0.7	-0.1	0.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening	0.7	0.8	1.4	0.9	0.6	1.2	-1.0	-0.4	1.1	0.8
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor	1.6	2.5	7.3	-1.6	-1.4	-2.7	2.1	-0.4	-1.0	0.0
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination	0.5	0.6	1.9	-0.4	0.3	-0.1	0.1	-1.4	1.1	-0.8
Friendships satisfaction	4.9	6.1	8.6	2.3	2.9	2.4	-2.7	0.9	2.9	2.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching	0.2	0.4	0.8	-0.4	-0.1	0.9	-0.7	0.9	0.5	-0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Walk	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.3	0.2	-0.2	0.6	0.1	0.6	-0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract	0.5	0.5	1.6	-1.1	-0.3	-0.7	0.5	0.2	0.3	-1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers	0.5	0.8	1.6	0.9	1.1	0.7	-0.0	0.8	1.3	0.9
Medication for cholesterol	0.9	1.4	2.6	1.0	1.6	1.6	-1.6	0.2	1.1	0.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot)	0.5	0.6	1.7	1.3	0.9	1.1	-0.2	0.7	0.3	0.2
Back pain experienced in last month	0.8	1.2	4.0	0.9	0.3	2.0	-1.5	1.0	-0.5	0.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements	0.3	0.5	1.3	-0.7	-0.1	-0.6	1.1	0.6	-0.5	-0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported)	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.4	-0.7	-0.1	-0.6	0.3	-0.0	0.3
Asthma (self-reported)	3.2	6.4	13.8	-2.3	-2.8	-3.7	3.4	0.7	-1.8	-1.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported)	0.6	0.8	2.3	-1.1	-1.1	0.0	0.6	-0.3	-0.6	-1.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported)	0.2	0.3	1.1	1.0	0.4	0.2	-0.0	0.4	0.4	0.9
Medication: Aspirin	1.6	2.1	2.6	-1.2	-1.3	-1.5	1.5	-1.5	-1.6	-1.5
Medication: Gliclazide	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.2	-0.4	-0.5	0.6	0.1	-0.7	0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1)	0.5	0.6	1.5	0.1	0.3	0.8	-1.2	0.4	1.2	0.1
Smoking status: Current	0.3	0.4	1.3	-0.3	0.1	-1.1	1.1	0.5	0.1	0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage	1.7	3.5	5.7	2.2	1.8	2.2	-2.4	0.5	1.5	1.8
Whole body water mass	0.9	5.2	11.4	-2.2	-2.0	-3.4	3.1	2.1	-1.4	-0.0
Leg predicted mass (right)	1.4	7.5	18.4	-3.1	-2.3	-4.3	3.7	1.6	-1.7	-0.5
Arm fat mass (left)	3.3	13.5	37.1	-3.9	-3.3	-6.1	4.8	0.3	-2.8	-0.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses	3.6	6.2	10.7	-2.7	-3.1	-3.3	2.9	-1.3	-1.5	-1.9
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake	0.3	0.4	2.0	0.0	0.6	0.3	0.0	0.3	1.4	-0.4
Miserableness	0.3	0.6	1.6	0.6	0.8	1.0	-0.1	0.5	1.3	0.2
Guilty feelings	0.2	0.3	1.1	0.5	0.3	-0.2	1.1	-0.5	0.3	0.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses	0.4	0.4	1.7	-0.1	-0.3	1.1	-1.3	0.0	-0.2	-0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill	1.3	1.5	2.4	-0.4	-1.5	-1.1	1.6	0.3	-1.5	-1.4
Hearing aid user	0.9	1.0	2.7	0.4	-0.2	0.7	-1.2	1.5	-0.6	1.6
Mother’s age at death	1.0	1.3	3.9	0.2	-0.7	1.7	-2.0	-0.3	-0.9	-0.6
Financial situation satisfaction	3.0	3.7	8.1	-2.8	-1.5	-2.7	1.1	-1.0	-0.8	-2.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time	0.4	0.4	1.4	0.1	0.5	-0.1	-0.3	-0.8	1.2	0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport	0.4	0.5	1.5	-0.5	-1.0	-0.4	0.7	1.2	0.6	-0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma	0.3	0.3	0.9	-0.6	0.2	-0.3	0.3	-1.0	0.3	-0.9
Medication: Blood pressure	0.9	1.7	3.4	-1.5	-1.5	-1.6	1.9	1.0	-0.7	-0.4
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.8	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.9	0.5
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil)	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.6	-0.2	0.4	-0.4	-0.6	0.4	0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported)	3.1	5.5	6.8	-2.2	-2.5	-2.2	2.3	-2.6	-2.1	-2.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide	0.6	1.0	2.0	-1.1	-1.4	-0.9	0.7	0.1	-1.3	-0.6
Medication: Paracetamol	0.9	1.5	3.5	1.9	1.2	0.7	0.2	0.9	1.2	1.6
Medication: Lisinopril	0.9	1.1	4.9	-0.1	-0.3	-1.0	2.2	-1.0	0.0	-0.8
Medication: Atorvastatin	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.4	0.9	-0.6	0.6	-0.5	0.4	0.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure	1.2	1.4	3.9	-0.7	-0.7	-1.7	2.0	-1.0	-0.9	-0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never	1.0	1.2	2.8	1.0	1.2	0.7	-0.8	-1.7	1.0	0.8
Ever smoked	1.3	2.2	6.0	-1.5	-1.6	-2.5	1.5	1.3	-0.8	0.4
Basal metabolic rate	1.3	7.0	16.5	-2.7	-2.3	-4.1	3.6	1.9	-1.7	-0.2
Leg fat percentage (left)	2.3	8.3	22.9	-2.5	-2.7	-4.8	4.0	0.3	-2.2	-0.5
Arm fat-free mass (left)	0.9	4.6	9.4	-1.7	-2.0	-2.9	3.1	2.3	-1.3	0.3
Number of operations (self-reported)	0.5	0.7	1.6	-0.7	-0.7	-1.0	1.2	1.2	0.3	0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake	1.2	1.7	3.7	0.1	0.4	-1.3	1.7	1.9	1.5	1.2
Irritability	0.9	1.6	4.3	-1.2	-0.6	-2.0	2.1	-0.0	0.0	-1.1
Risk taking	0.5	0.7	2.5	-0.4	-0.6	-0.4	1.0	1.6	-0.0	0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test	1.3	1.5	3.5	1.2	1.2	-0.5	0.6	1.4	1.9	1.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years	1.6	2.0	4.6	-1.7	-2.2	-1.2	1.4	-0.0	-1.2	-1.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill	0.6	0.7	1.7	0.5	0.6	1.3	-1.3	-0.7	0.6	0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.3	0.9	1.6	0.5	-1.2	-0.5	1.1	1.2	-0.5	1.3
Ever depressed for a whole week	1.0	1.2	3.0	-1.2	-1.2	-0.2	-0.2	-1.7	-0.7	-1.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability	0.6	0.7	1.8	-1.1	-1.0	-0.4	0.1	-1.3	-0.5	-0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle	1.3	1.6	3.1	-1.7	-1.3	-0.9	0.4	-1.0	-1.1	-1.8
Myopia	1.3	1.9	11.2	-0.0	0.4	0.1	0.1	3.3	0.9	1.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor	0.3	0.9	2.2	0.7	1.2	0.7	-1.3	-1.5	0.4	0.2
Cholesterol lowering medication	2.0	3.0	5.8	-1.9	-2.2	-1.5	0.3	-2.4	-1.4	-1.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol)	1.4	1.7	3.5	-1.2	0.1	-1.3	1.5	-1.7	0.2	-1.9
Pain experienced in last month	0.5	0.8	2.6	-0.8	-1.6	-0.7	0.5	0.7	-1.1	-0.2
Supplements: Calcium	1.8	2.0	6.9	1.1	0.6	2.3	-2.6	-0.1	-0.0	0.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported)	0.7	0.8	2.5	-0.5	-0.6	-1.2	1.6	-0.3	-0.5	-0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported)	0.6	0.8	3.0	-0.5	-1.3	-0.6	-0.2	-0.0	-1.7	-0.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported)	1.0	1.3	6.5	-0.1	0.6	-0.2	-0.2	-2.6	0.2	-1.5
Heart disease (siblings)	1.5	1.8	3.5	-1.1	-1.1	-1.1	1.0	-1.6	-1.3	-1.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous	0.5	0.5	1.1	-0.5	-0.7	-0.5	1.0	-0.6	-0.9	-0.6
Pack years of smoking	0.5	0.8	1.3	-0.8	-1.2	-1.0	0.9	0.9	-0.8	0.7
Impedance of whole body	1.5	7.6	13.2	3.2	3.6	3.3	-2.5	-0.7	3.0	1.8
Leg fat mass (left)	2.7	10.4	28.8	-3.1	-3.1	-5.4	4.3	0.7	-2.4	-0.4
Arm predicted mass (left)	1.0	5.1	11.4	-1.8	-2.1	-3.1	3.4	2.2	-1.4	0.1