Hub : Genes

PSMA4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0760 0.0220 2.8e-06 0.058 0.054 0.063 0.059 0.070 1.3e-07 3.9e-07 3.5e-08 1.1e-07 7.0e-09
2 GTEx Heart Left Ventricle 0.1753 0.0613 1.6e-04 0.019 NA 0.059 NA 0.055 3.4e-02 NA 4.4e-04 NA 6.4e-04
3 GTEx Liver 0.1850 0.0770 5.2e-03 0.139 NA 0.046 NA 0.107 1.1e-04 NA 2.0e-02 NA 6.5e-04
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1006 0.0299 7.7e-07 0.062 NA 0.099 NA 0.090 1.1e-06 NA 6.7e-10 NA 3.9e-09
5 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0880 0.0383 3.4e-03 0.047 NA 0.013 NA 0.029 3.0e-04 NA 3.8e-02 NA 3.8e-03
6 METSIM Adipose 0.0787 0.0238 8.9e-07 0.028 0.037 0.021 0.035 0.026 3.4e-05 2.6e-06 3.8e-04 4.5e-06 7.7e-05
7 YFS Blood 0.0775 0.0156 0.0e+00 0.079 0.096 0.104 0.110 0.113 1.7e-24 7.9e-30 3.7e-32 4.7e-34 8.3e-35
8 TCGA Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma 0.0830 0.0480 4.2e-03 0.023 0.033 0.025 NA 0.020 2.8e-02 1.1e-02 2.3e-02 NA 4.0e-02
9 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0253 0.0186 6.8e-03 0.015 0.018 0.005 NA 0.012 6.4e-03 3.1e-03 7.7e-02 NA 1.5e-02
10 TCGA Testicular Germ Cell Tumors 0.1060 0.0620 1.8e-03 0.010 0.030 -0.003 NA 0.009 1.3e-01 3.0e-02 4.2e-01 NA 1.5e-01

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.4 2.2 4.8 2.2 0.0 1.2 -1.5 -1.0 -1.9 2.1 -2.1 0.2 -0.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 6.7 16.2 40.8 4.9 1.5 4.7 -3.7 -1.6 -4.0 6.4 -6.2 1.5 0.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.4 2.7 -1.2 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.6 -0.1 1.3 1.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.6 2.7 -0.2 0.3 1.7 0.2 0.8 0.3 1.0 -0.7 0.7 0.7
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.1 3.4 5.9 2.4 -0.9 -1.3 -2.0 -2.2 -2.1 -0.2 -1.4 -2.3 -2.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 7.8 16.2 42.4 4.7 1.8 5.1 -3.5 -1.2 -3.5 6.5 -6.2 1.9 0.7
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 2.8 0.5 0.1 1.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 1.6 -1.7 0.5 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.1 0.9 1.2 0.7 1.0 -1.4 1.2 -0.8 1.0 1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.0 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 0.5 -1.0 -0.9
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8
Reaction Time 4.8 9.2 16.5 -3.0 2.7 2.9 3.5 4.1 3.1 1.0 0.6 3.5 4.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0
Breast Cancer 0.4 0.9 1.9 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 0.0 -0.9 0.1 -1.4 -1.2
Ovarian Cancer 1.3 1.8 3.9 0.2 -2.0 -1.9 -1.0 -1.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -1.9 -1.2
Prostate Cancer 2.2 3.0 5.2 0.9 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 -2.3 -1.1 0.5 -2.0 -2.3
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.7 1.7 -1.3 0.3 -0.3 1.2 1.0 0.6 -0.9 0.7 0.3 0.7
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.5 1.5 -0.2 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.4 1.0 -0.3 1.2 1.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.7 2.4 7.0 -1.3 -2.7 -1.9 0.5 -0.4 1.4 -2.1 1.7 -1.1 -0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.6 2.1 1.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.4 -1.4 -0.1 -0.2
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.4
Mean Putamen Volume 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.5 1.1
Fasting Glucose 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.4 -1.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 1.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4
HbA1C 0.9 1.0 3.3 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.4 0.3 0.6 1.8 -1.6 0.5 0.8
HDL Cholesterol 1.0 1.6 3.8 -0.2 -1.3 -1.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -1.9 1.3 -1.5 -1.2
LDL Cholesterol 1.5 2.3 7.9 0.6 1.7 1.7 -0.7 0.2 -1.6 2.2 -2.8 0.4 1.0
Lupus 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.7 -0.2 -0.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.5 0.8 1.9 1.4 -1.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 1.1 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.6 0.9 1.6 0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 5.1 11.2 27.7 4.3 1.3 4.2 -3.2 -1.4 -2.7 5.3 -5.0 1.4 0.3
Triglycerides 1.2 2.0 4.0 -0.6 1.5 1.8 1.0 1.6 0.4 1.5 -1.6 1.4 2.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.6 3.0 7.6 1.6 -2.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -2.2 -2.4
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.7 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 1.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.3 1.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.1 1.6 5.9 -1.2 1.5 0.4 2.4 1.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.4 1.3
Blood Red Count 0.8 7.5 23.6 0.2 -4.9 -3.7 -0.9 -2.2 0.1 -2.9 2.7 -2.6 -3.1
Blood White Count 0.4 3.3 9.1 2.1 0.6 2.1 -0.5 0.2 -2.1 3.0 -3.0 0.7 0.5
Heel T-Score 0.0 0.4 1.0 0.5 -0.3 1.0 0.2 0.5 -0.1 1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.2
BMI 0.5 3.2 10.6 1.7 -3.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.6 -2.2 -0.3 0.1 -1.6 -2.1
Height 0.1 1.2 2.4 0.2 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1 -1.3 0.6 -1.4 1.6 -0.5 -1.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.1 4.8 -0.4 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.0 1.8 -2.2 0.7 1.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.5 -1.0 -0.3 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.7
Smoking Status 3.1 7.5 12.5 2.4 -2.3 -2.8 -2.9 -3.5 -3.2 -1.2 -0.8 -3.3 -3.4
Allergy or Eczema 2.0 5.4 16.2 -2.1 -2.0 -3.2 1.1 -0.2 0.5 -4.0 3.5 -1.8 -1.3
Cardiovascular Disease 0.3 1.0 2.7 0.5 1.4 1.4 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 1.6 -1.4 0.8 0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.9 5.0 -0.8 0.9 1.6 0.8 1.5 1.5 1.1 -0.3 2.2 1.9
Respiratory disease 0.9 1.9 4.6 -2.1 0.9 1.0 2.1 1.8 0.3 -0.0 0.2 1.1 2.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.4 0.7 2.5 1.1 0.4 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 1.3 -1.6 -0.2 -0.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 3.0 15.1 37.9 -1.5 -3.1 -6.2 0.5 -2.1 1.6 -5.9 5.3 -4.2 -3.7
Lung FVC 3.5 17.8 41.0 -0.1 -4.2 -6.4 -1.5 -3.7 -1.3 -6.0 3.2 -5.7 -4.8
Neuroticism 0.9 2.1 3.8 -1.4 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 -0.4 1.4 1.9
Chronotype (morning person) 1.1 2.5 6.8 -0.2 -1.3 -2.6 0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -2.5 1.5 -2.0 -1.5
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.7 3.7 -1.9 -0.2 -0.8 1.8 1.2 1.7 -1.1 1.7 0.6 0.8
Tanning 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4
Hand grip strength (left) 0.4 1.1 3.2 -0.4 0.7 1.7 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 1.8 1.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.9 1.5 4.3 1.7 -1.2 0.9 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 1.8 -2.1 0.1 -0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 1.9 2.3 6.4 -0.8 -1.6 -2.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.2 -2.3 1.1 -2.1 -1.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.9
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.8 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 1.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 3.1 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 1.2 0.7 0.7 -1.3 1.8 -0.0 -0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.8 2.2 -0.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.8 -1.4 0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.2 1.6 4.3 1.6 0.6 1.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 2.1 -1.9 0.6 0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.3 1.1 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 0.4 0.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.1
Angina 3.5 4.6 12.1 0.6 -3.0 -3.1 -0.5 -1.6 -0.1 -2.5 0.6 -3.5 -2.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.1 -0.7 0.9 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.9 -0.4 0.9 0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.9 3.9 9.0 -0.2 2.0 3.0 1.0 1.9 -0.4 2.7 -1.6 2.6 2.3
Supplements: Zinc 5.2 5.7 9.6 3.1 -1.4 -1.6 -3.1 -3.0 -2.9 0.1 -1.4 -2.4 -2.8
Medication: Co-codamol 1.5 1.8 4.4 2.1 -1.1 0.1 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 1.3 -2.0 -1.0 -0.9
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3
Diabetes (father) 1.0 1.3 3.8 -1.6 0.4 0.0 2.0 1.2 0.8 -1.3 1.3 0.5 0.8
Diabetes (mother) 1.8 2.3 5.4 0.6 -2.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.5 -0.3 -1.5 0.3 -2.2 -1.8
Severe depression (siblings) 0.5 0.5 1.8 1.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -1.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 87.3 133.2 327.6 2.8 11.5 18.1 -0.1 7.0 -1.5 18.1 -13.3 13.3 11.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 1.7 3.8 -1.9 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 -0.2 0.5 0.9 1.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.5 6.2 2.4 -2.3 -1.0 -2.3 -2.5 -1.9 0.0 -0.2 -1.4 -2.4
Trunk fat percentage 0.6 2.5 15.2 0.4 -3.9 -1.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 0.7 -1.4 -1.3
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 2.0 2.9 8.0 2.3 0.1 1.1 -2.2 -1.4 -1.2 2.4 -2.8 -0.4 -0.5
Current tobacco smoking 4.0 6.6 16.0 3.4 1.1 2.2 -2.8 -1.7 -2.9 3.5 -4.0 -0.2 -0.8
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.2 1.4 3.6 -1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.9 0.8 -0.4 1.1 1.4
Maternal smoking around birth 9.3 13.4 38.0 4.8 -1.3 3.0 -4.4 -2.2 -3.5 5.0 -6.2 0.1 -1.0
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.2 3.2 -0.2 0.2 1.8 0.6 1.2 0.1 1.5 -0.8 1.4 1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.9 2.5 8.0 1.4 1.1 2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.8 2.6 -2.8 0.3 0.4
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.6 1.3 0.5 0.1
Taking other prescription medications 2.5 3.9 9.6 3.1 -1.3 0.8 -2.7 -1.8 -2.2 2.1 -2.0 -0.8 -1.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.9 4.6 12.1 -0.6 -2.4 -3.2 0.5 -1.4 0.2 -3.5 1.6 -2.8 -2.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 4.1 4.7 9.5 1.1 -1.4 -3.0 -1.9 -2.4 -1.6 -2.1 1.6 -2.6 -3.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.5 2.0 0.6 0.3 1.4 -0.1 0.4 0.3 1.1 -0.9 0.6 0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.9 2.0 4.8 2.0 0.2 -0.3 -2.2 -1.6 -1.9 0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -1.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.3 3.1 9.3 1.1 0.9 2.8 -1.1 0.3 0.4 3.1 -2.3 1.8 1.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.7 2.1 4.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.6 -2.0 -1.8 -2.0 0.3 -0.7 -1.1 -1.7
High blood pressure 0.3 0.7 2.4 1.1 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 1.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.6 3.6 10.9 -1.4 -1.6 -2.5 0.8 -0.2 0.3 -3.3 2.9 -1.6 -1.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 3.4 4.3 10.0 -0.3 -1.8 -3.2 -0.4 -1.5 1.2 -3.1 2.7 -2.2 -2.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.8 1.0 4.1 1.3 -2.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.4 -0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.3 1.7 4.7 -0.4 -0.6 -2.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 -2.2 1.0 -1.8 -1.5
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 4.6 -1.1 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 2.1 0.3 0.7 1.8 1.2
Medication: Atenolol 1.5 1.9 5.1 1.0 -2.3 -1.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 0.5 -1.6 -1.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.3 1.0 0.8 -0.7 0.8 0.7
Sitting height 0.5 3.5 7.7 1.0 -1.4 -2.8 -1.2 -2.1 -0.3 -2.2 2.3 -1.5 -2.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 17.0 19.9 49.8 1.0 3.9 6.9 -0.0 2.7 -1.3 7.1 -5.8 4.7 4.5
High blood pressure (mother) 0.5 0.7 1.9 -1.4 0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.3 1.4 -0.9 0.9 -0.2 0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.6 2.4 11.1 1.6 -3.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.3 -2.0 0.3 -0.4 -1.1 -1.6
Impedance of leg (left) 0.7 3.2 6.8 -2.6 1.4 0.5 2.2 2.5 2.0 -0.5 0.6 1.2 2.4
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.2 5.6 2.3 -2.2 -0.9 -2.2 -2.4 -1.8 0.1 -0.2 -1.2 -2.3
Trunk fat mass 0.6 2.8 14.5 0.8 -3.8 -1.7 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 0.6 -1.5 -1.6
Waist circumference 0.8 2.8 11.0 1.8 -3.3 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -1.9 0.5 -0.8 -1.4 -1.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 2.4 3.9 8.2 -1.6 1.3 2.3 2.1 2.6 0.9 1.5 -0.5 2.7 2.9
Past tobacco smoking 2.3 4.1 7.2 -1.9 1.6 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.3 0.9 0.8 2.4 2.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.8 2.9 11.9 -1.7 0.5 -1.9 1.1 0.6 1.4 -2.6 3.5 -0.3 -0.3
Nervous feelings 0.8 1.6 4.2 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 2.0 -1.8 1.4 1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.2 4.1 1.0 -0.3 2.0 -0.4 0.2 0.2 2.0 -1.4 0.7 0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.3 2.1 4.9 -1.8 -1.0 -1.9 1.6 0.5 0.6 -2.2 2.1 -0.5 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.5 1.4 1.0 0.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.8
Had menopause 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.6 0.7 1.0 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 1.5 -1.2 0.6 0.4
Had other major operations 1.5 1.8 4.1 1.3 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3 -2.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.0 -1.6 -1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 2.7 10.5 26.7 -0.8 -3.0 -5.2 -0.6 -2.6 0.2 -5.1 3.6 -3.5 -3.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.7 1.8 1.2 0.1 0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 1.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.7 -0.0
Qualifications: None of the above 1.2 2.6 6.5 -0.6 -2.4 -2.6 0.4 -0.6 0.9 -2.2 1.9 -1.5 -1.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.7 2.3 4.5 0.8 -2.0 -2.1 -1.2 -1.9 -0.3 -1.0 0.5 -1.8 -2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.7 2.6 6.6 -2.0 -0.1 -2.1 1.0 0.2 1.6 -2.6 2.5 -1.0 -0.2
Heart attack 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.2
Allergy 0.5 1.2 3.6 1.3 0.9 1.2 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 1.9 -1.3 0.9 0.4
Pain all over the body in last month 1.6 1.7 4.3 1.7 -0.7 1.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 2.1 -2.0 0.3 -0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.0
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.6 3.4 7.3 0.2 -2.2 -2.6 -0.6 -1.8 -1.2 -2.7 0.7 -2.7 -1.8
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.3 1.7 0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.2 -1.3 0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.2
Medication: Simvastatin 1.0 1.4 4.8 0.9 -0.4 1.2 -0.6 0.1 -1.7 1.8 -2.2 0.7 0.6
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.9 2.1 1.1 1.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.7 -1.5 0.6 -1.3 -0.6 -0.4
Illnesses of siblings 0.6 0.8 2.5 -0.9 -0.7 -1.3 0.3 -0.2 0.9 -1.6 1.3 -0.5 -0.2
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.1 3.2 0.0 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.5 -0.9 1.2 1.1
Weight 0.6 2.9 10.6 1.7 -3.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.8 -1.7 -0.3 0.3 -1.3 -2.0
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.6 2.5 -1.1 0.4 -0.0 0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 1.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.7 10.7 1.0 -3.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.7 3.7 1.8 -1.0 -0.7 -1.8 -1.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.9 -1.8
Hip circumference 1.0 4.3 14.4 2.2 -3.8 -1.4 -1.9 -2.2 -2.4 -0.3 0.1 -1.4 -2.4
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.8 0.7 0.2 0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.8 1.2 4.7 1.2 -2.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1
Father’s age at death 13.4 18.0 46.2 -1.2 -4.7 -6.8 0.3 -2.3 -0.2 -6.5 5.4 -4.1 -4.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.8 1.5 4.1 1.5 -0.3 1.7 -1.3 -0.5 0.3 2.0 -1.9 0.5 0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.7 3.3 1.4 -1.8 0.7 -1.6 -1.2 -1.4 1.5 -1.4 -0.3 -0.8
Falls in the last year 5.4 7.3 12.8 3.4 -3.4 -2.1 -3.4 -3.6 -1.8 -0.2 -0.2 -2.5 -3.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.7 2.5 4.2 -2.0 1.8 0.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 -0.0 0.7 1.4 1.9
Number of live births 2.9 4.1 11.2 -2.1 -2.3 -2.4 1.3 0.3 0.6 -3.2 3.4 -1.0 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 5.1 17.2 45.2 -1.5 -3.8 -6.5 0.0 -2.5 0.7 -6.7 5.3 -4.2 -3.8
Pulse rate 0.6 1.1 2.3 -0.8 0.3 1.4 1.0 1.2 -0.0 1.0 -0.1 1.5 1.5
Happiness 0.5 0.6 1.6 -1.0 -0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.3 -0.1 0.3 0.9 0.8
Noisy workplace 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.6 3.6 6.6 -2.4 2.6 0.1 2.2 1.9 2.5 -0.9 1.3 1.4 2.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 2.0 1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.7 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 4.7 8.0 23.2 1.7 1.9 4.4 -0.6 1.1 -1.5 4.8 -3.7 3.0 2.0
Asthma 0.9 1.8 4.5 -2.1 -1.0 0.2 2.1 1.7 0.7 -0.8 1.3 0.8 1.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.0 2.5 -0.8 -1.6 -1.1 0.6 -0.2 1.3 -1.3 1.3 -0.6 -0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.9 1.4 4.3 1.4 -0.1 0.7 -1.0 -0.5 -2.1 1.4 -2.1 -0.3 -0.2
Depression (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 5.3 1.1 1.0 1.8 -0.7 0.3 -1.1 2.3 -1.5 0.9 0.9
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.0 1.2 4.0 1.1 0.1 1.5 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 1.7 -2.0 0.4 0.3
Prospective memory result 1.1 1.3 3.0 -1.4 -0.3 -0.9 1.3 0.9 1.7 -1.5 1.6 -0.0 0.5
Lung cancer (father) 20.2 23.7 68.2 2.2 3.0 7.9 -1.1 2.3 -1.1 8.3 -6.2 5.5 4.1
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.6 -1.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 6.4 20.3 49.5 -0.8 -4.7 -7.0 -1.0 -3.4 0.2 -6.8 4.9 -5.1 -4.7
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.6 2.7 1.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.9
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 0.8 2.7 -1.6 0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.7 1.6 -0.7 0.4 0.2 1.0
Arm fat mass (right) 0.5 2.0 10.7 1.1 -3.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.6 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -1.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.6 3.5 1.7 -0.9 -0.7 -1.8 -1.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 -1.7
Standing height 0.2 1.5 4.2 0.0 -0.5 -2.0 -0.8 -1.2 0.6 -1.7 1.8 -0.7 -1.3
Length of working week for main job 0.9 1.0 3.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 1.6 -1.6 1.7 -0.3 -0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 2.5 2.8 7.1 -1.0 -1.5 -2.5 0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -2.7 2.0 -1.9 -1.7
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.0 2.6 1.1 0.3 1.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.4 1.6 -1.1 0.7 0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.6
Birth weight of first child 1.1 1.9 4.0 1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -1.2 -2.0 -1.1 1.5 -1.1 -1.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 2.3 5.3 15.5 -1.5 -2.4 -3.3 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -3.9 3.5 -1.8 -1.5
Pulse wave reflection index 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.7 -0.1
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.1 1.3 3.3 -1.8 0.7 -0.2 1.7 1.4 1.1 -0.6 1.1 0.6 1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 1.8 2.0 4.9 0.6 -1.7 -1.8 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 -1.3 0.2 -2.2 -1.7
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 1.0 -1.2 0.2 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0 0.7 -1.0 -0.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 2.6 3.4 5.6 2.2 -1.7 -1.7 -2.1 -2.3 -1.2 -1.0 -0.4 -2.4 -2.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.5 -1.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.6 5.1 1.6 -2.3 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -1.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.2 1.9 7.5 -1.7 0.4 -0.8 1.3 0.8 2.7 -1.6 1.8 0.3 0.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.2 1.5 1.4 0.4 0.9 0.1 1.0 -0.7 1.1 1.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.4 -1.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.9 0.6 -0.4 0.6 0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.2 1.6 5.6 0.4 1.0 2.4 -0.7 0.4 -1.1 1.7 -1.5 1.1 0.8
Birth weight 2.1 4.6 16.1 -1.3 -2.9 -2.7 1.2 0.3 0.5 -3.2 4.0 -0.5 -1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 13.9 16.2 40.8 1.2 4.5 6.3 -0.7 1.8 -1.2 6.4 -5.2 4.0 3.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 3.5 12.9 29.8 0.1 -3.7 -5.5 -1.7 -3.4 -0.3 -5.0 3.2 -4.3 -4.1
Body fat percentage 0.6 2.4 15.1 0.8 -3.9 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 -1.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.9 9.2 1.3 -3.0 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -2.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 2.9 1.3 -1.5 -0.9 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 -1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.8 1.1 4.5 0.3 -2.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -0.8 0.7 -0.7 -1.1
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 2.9 8.6 1.2 0.4 2.5 -0.5 0.6 0.1 2.9 -2.5 1.8 1.5
Number of full brothers 1.5 1.9 5.3 1.0 1.0 2.0 -0.3 0.3 -1.4 2.3 -2.0 1.0 0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.7 -0.6 0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 1.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 3.2 5.8 13.4 -0.4 1.6 3.7 1.1 2.2 -0.8 3.5 -2.6 2.7 2.9
Number of children fathered 0.7 0.8 1.6 -0.9 0.9 0.1 1.1 1.2 0.4 -0.2 1.3 1.0 0.8
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.0 1.1 3.6 -1.9 1.2 -0.7 1.6 0.8 0.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 1.0
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 5.2 -0.0 2.3 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.6 1.0 1.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 2.8 -1.2 1.7 -0.1 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.9
Health satisfaction 1.4 1.8 5.6 1.2 0.8 2.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.9 2.4 -1.7 1.4 0.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.1 1.4 3.9 1.4 0.2 1.5 -1.2 -0.4 -0.7 2.0 -1.7 0.7 0.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 2.0 4.4 -1.5 2.1 0.0 1.6 1.2 1.7 -1.1 1.9 1.1 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.8 2.1 5.9 -1.7 -0.7 -1.4 1.7 0.9 2.4 -1.8 1.7 -0.3 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 2.5 3.0 10.8 2.0 0.4 2.0 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6 2.9 -3.3 0.3 0.2
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 5.9 6.6 18.5 1.6 2.8 3.5 -1.4 0.2 -1.3 4.3 -3.5 2.4 1.8
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.1 1.3 0.9 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.7 2.5 7.0 1.1 -2.6 -1.4 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.4 -1.8 -1.8
Medication: Blood pressure 2.0 3.5 12.4 2.7 -0.7 0.2 -2.2 -1.8 -3.5 1.4 -1.3 -0.8 -1.7
Angina (self-reported) 3.9 5.1 12.8 0.9 -3.3 -3.2 -0.8 -1.8 -0.2 -2.5 0.5 -3.6 -2.6
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.3 1.5 1.4 0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7 1.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.2 1.4 2.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 1.0 0.1 1.5 -1.7 1.4 -0.6 -0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.7 -1.6 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.3 0.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.8 0.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 2.8 5.3 10.3 -2.7 1.8 1.7 2.8 3.2 2.4 0.2 1.0 2.4 3.0
Heart disease (mother) 3.6 4.4 11.8 -1.7 -2.1 -2.9 1.1 -0.1 1.5 -3.4 3.1 -1.6 -1.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.1 1.3 3.0 -0.9 -0.6 1.3 1.0 1.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.4
Whole body fat mass 0.7 3.0 14.8 1.3 -3.8 -1.5 -1.0 -1.4 -1.6 -0.5 0.3 -1.5 -1.8
Leg fat mass (right) 0.6 2.5 11.5 1.5 -3.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -2.0 0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -1.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.2 2.4 1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 -1.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 3.1 -0.8 0.5 1.7 1.2 1.5 -0.2 1.2 -0.7 1.4 1.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 3.0 7.0 14.5 3.8 -1.3 1.7 -3.3 -1.7 -3.8 3.3 -3.1 0.1 -1.3
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.7
Number of full sisters 0.9 1.0 2.7 -1.1 0.6 -0.8 1.3 0.6 1.7 -1.2 1.4 -0.2 0.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.8 1.2 4.2 0.8 0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 2.0 -1.7 0.9 0.7
Overall health rating 2.7 5.8 19.3 2.5 0.4 3.3 -1.5 -0.1 -1.3 4.4 -3.7 1.5 1.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.2 0.2 1.8 0.0 -1.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Had major operations 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.8 -0.5 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.0
Family relationship satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 0.9 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2
Leg pain on walking 0.6 0.7 2.9 0.3 -1.7 -0.8 0.6 -0.2 1.2 -0.5 1.1 0.0 -0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.1 1.3 5.1 -0.1 2.3 1.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.7 1.4 -1.2 0.8 1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.5 0.6 1.7 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 1.1 0.9 0.6 -0.9 1.3 -0.0 0.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 3.5 -1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 1.2 1.9
Medication: Aspirin 1.3 1.7 3.4 1.6 -1.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 -0.2 -1.1 -1.8 -1.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.2 1.5 3.2 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 -1.8 1.0 -1.4 -1.4
Knee pain experienced in last month 3.4 5.3 12.1 -0.2 -2.9 -3.5 -0.6 -1.6 0.6 -3.0 2.8 -2.5 -2.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.8 2.8 0.7 0.8 1.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 1.7 -0.4 1.3 0.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.9 1.1 3.3 1.4 -1.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -1.8 1.1 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.7 2.4 8.1 0.6 -0.5 -2.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1 -1.9 0.4 -2.9 -2.2
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.4 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.6 -0.0 1.0 1.0
Smoking status: Previous 4.5 6.7 16.6 0.6 -3.0 -4.1 -1.3 -2.5 -1.5 -3.3 1.3 -3.3 -2.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.8 1.6 3.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.2 -1.7 -0.0 -1.3 0.6 -1.4 -1.6
Whole body fat-free mass 0.4 2.2 4.2 2.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.9 -2.0 -1.6 -0.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.8 4.9 2.1 -2.0 -1.1 -2.0 -2.2 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -2.2
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.5 9.3 0.8 -3.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -1.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9
Average weekly red wine intake 1.6 2.4 8.1 -1.8 -0.2 -1.9 1.2 0.3 1.5 -2.9 1.8 -1.4 -0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 2.2 2.7 5.2 2.1 -1.1 -0.8 -2.2 -2.3 -1.4 0.5 -1.3 -1.8 -1.9
Mood swings 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.8 -0.5 0.6 0.8
Loneliness, isolation 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.7 -0.8 -0.0 -0.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.1 3.2 9.2 2.4 0.2 1.6 -1.8 -1.1 -1.4 2.8 -3.0 0.4 -0.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.8 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -1.4 1.0 -1.1 0.3 -0.0
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.1 2.3 4.4 0.8 -2.1 -2.0 -0.6 -1.7 0.3 -1.4 0.6 -2.0 -2.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.6 2.4 5.3 -1.9 1.5 -0.3 2.2 1.3 1.3 -1.6 2.3 1.2 0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.6 2.8 10.5 1.8 1.1 1.7 -1.4 -0.7 -0.9 2.7 -3.2 0.4 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.5 2.4 4.0 -0.8 1.4 2.0 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.6 -1.2 1.8 2.0
Medication for cholesterol 1.1 1.7 4.3 -0.0 -0.9 -1.7 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 0.6 -2.1 -1.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.7 2.0 6.0 -1.1 -1.0 -2.4 0.7 -0.7 0.9 -2.4 1.5 -1.2 -0.9
Back pain experienced in last month 3.9 5.7 9.7 2.8 -2.2 -2.0 -2.8 -3.0 -2.7 -0.4 -0.6 -2.4 -3.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.7 0.9 2.9 0.6 0.2 1.3 -0.4 0.1 -1.1 1.6 -1.7 0.4 0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.3 -0.6 -1.5 -1.8 0.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.8 1.4 -1.3 -1.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.2 -1.8 -0.9 0.2 1.7 1.3 0.4 -0.8 1.0 0.5 0.9
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 2.9 0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.0 -1.2 0.4 -1.5 -1.6
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 4.8 1.7 -1.5 -0.6 -1.6 -1.6 -2.2 0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.2 2.4 1.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 -1.0 -1.6 -1.3
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.0 -1.5 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.8
Smoking status: Current 2.2 3.4 7.0 2.6 -0.0 0.2 -2.4 -2.1 -2.5 1.4 -2.1 -1.3 -1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 14.0 29.7 67.8 -0.6 -6.1 -8.2 -1.0 -4.0 0.1 -8.1 5.5 -6.5 -5.9
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.2 4.2 2.0 -1.5 -0.8 -1.9 -2.1 -1.6 -0.0 0.1 -0.9 -2.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.1 5.5 2.2 -2.0 -1.1 -2.1 -2.3 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 -1.4 -2.3
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.8 9.6 1.1 -3.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -1.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.2 2.1 4.2 2.0 -1.4 0.3 -1.9 -1.6 -1.8 1.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.9
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 2.1 2.9 8.1 -1.3 -1.7 -2.4 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -2.8 2.5 -1.5 -0.8
Miserableness 2.0 3.5 6.8 -0.9 1.6 2.6 1.1 2.0 1.4 2.1 -1.0 2.5 2.4
Guilty feelings 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.9 0.4 -0.6 0.3 -0.9 -0.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.4 1.6 5.1 1.5 0.3 0.5 -1.8 -1.0 -2.2 0.9 -1.5 -0.6 -0.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.2 1.4 2.9 0.3 -1.0 -1.7 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.6 1.5 -1.2 -1.5
Hearing aid user 1.0 1.1 2.5 -1.2 0.3 0.3 1.5 1.6 1.2 -0.2 0.7 1.1 1.2
Mother’s age at death 4.2 5.2 14.5 -1.3 -2.1 -3.8 0.5 -0.7 0.9 -3.8 3.0 -2.0 -1.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.6 0.8 2.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.9 0.2 0.4 -1.3 1.5 -0.2 -0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 2.1 2.6 4.5 -0.0 2.0 2.0 0.7 1.7 0.8 1.9 -1.3 2.0 2.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 0.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 2.1 4.0 8.6 -0.3 2.4 2.6 0.7 2.0 0.7 2.6 -1.0 2.9 2.5
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.9 2.4 4.8 1.7 -1.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3 -0.6 -0.4 -2.2 -2.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.1 1.4 4.7 -1.5 0.2 -0.9 1.5 0.9 0.9 -1.6 2.2 0.1 0.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.0 0.9 0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.8
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.7 2.6 4.8 -0.4 1.7 2.1 1.1 1.8 0.2 2.0 -1.0 2.2 1.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.4 0.6 2.1 0.8 -0.7 0.3 -1.4 -0.7 -0.8 1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.9 -1.4 -1.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.4 0.6 2.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.1 1.0 -1.0 1.4 0.1 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.3 2.8 6.7 2.6 0.2 -0.2 -2.4 -2.0 -2.3 0.6 -1.3 -1.0 -1.7
Ever smoked 4.0 7.0 21.0 -0.5 -2.1 -4.6 -0.5 -2.1 -0.4 -4.0 2.4 -3.2 -2.7
Basal metabolic rate 0.5 2.6 4.5 2.0 -2.0 -1.0 -1.9 -2.1 -1.7 -0.1 0.1 -1.2 -2.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.4 8.4 0.9 -2.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -1.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.8 3.5 1.6 -1.8 -1.0 -1.4 -1.6 -1.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.9 -1.9
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.6 1.5 -1.2 -0.4 0.1 1.2 0.5 0.0 -0.6 1.2 0.6 0.2
Irritability 0.9 1.6 4.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.9 1.1 0.1 0.6 -2.1 1.5 -1.2 -0.5
Risk taking 4.2 6.2 17.7 -2.0 -1.6 -4.1 1.2 -0.8 1.3 -4.2 3.0 -2.4 -1.5
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.0 1.4 3.2 0.5 -1.4 -1.8 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.8 -1.2 -1.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.9 -0.3 0.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.4 0.7 -1.5 -0.8 -0.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.7 1.8 0.5 -0.6 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 1.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.0 0.6 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 1.1 1.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 3.9 5.0 10.2 3.0 0.0 1.5 -2.7 -1.7 -2.8 3.1 -3.2 -0.1 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 -1.2 0.7 0.3
Myopia 2.3 3.3 7.4 0.8 -1.7 -2.5 -1.6 -2.1 -0.2 -1.8 0.7 -2.7 -2.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.8 2.2 -1.5 0.3 -0.6 1.1 0.5 0.9 -1.4 1.0 -0.1 0.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.9 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 1.3 -1.2 0.2 0.3
Pain experienced in last month 5.6 9.3 15.7 -2.8 4.0 3.0 2.9 3.7 3.0 1.3 0.1 3.6 3.8
Supplements: Calcium 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -1.4 0.9 -1.0 -0.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 0.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 2.2 2.8 4.7 2.1 -1.3 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -1.3 -0.8 -0.4 -2.0 -2.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.1 -0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.0 0.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.8 -0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5
Pack years of smoking 79.4 116.5 292.4 2.7 10.5 16.9 -0.1 6.6 -1.2 17.1 -12.5 12.4 10.7
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.6 4.5 -2.1 0.6 -0.2 1.5 1.5 1.8 -0.8 0.6 0.5 1.6
Leg fat mass (left) 0.5 1.8 10.2 1.1 -3.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 -1.2
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.1 3.6 1.9 -1.9 -0.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -1.9