Hub : Genes

PTK2B

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1104 0.0455 3.0e-03 0.015 NA 0.003 NA 0.016 2.4e-02 NA 1.7e-01 NA 2.0e-02
2 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1880 0.0660 1.9e-03 0.188 NA 0.175 NA 0.188 1.4e-11 NA 8.3e-11 NA 1.4e-11
3 GTEx Testis 0.1770 0.0580 1.2e-03 0.110 NA 0.061 NA 0.074 1.4e-05 NA 1.1e-03 NA 3.6e-04
4 METSIM Adipose 0.0534 0.0187 3.7e-04 0.012 0.012 0.003 0.011 0.003 6.2e-03 4.6e-03 9.1e-02 7.7e-03 1.1e-01
5 NTR Blood 0.0310 0.0126 1.9e-03 0.023 0.006 0.007 0.012 0.021 3.9e-08 2.6e-03 1.9e-03 7.5e-05 2.1e-07
6 YFS Blood 0.0861 0.0195 1.3e-15 0.075 0.058 0.083 0.082 0.090 1.6e-23 2.9e-18 7.8e-26 1.3e-25 7.8e-28
7 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0720 0.0390 1.6e-03 0.073 0.042 0.037 NA 0.060 5.1e-05 1.8e-03 3.4e-03 NA 2.3e-04
8 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0847 0.0472 1.2e-03 0.065 0.017 0.026 NA 0.054 8.2e-08 4.8e-03 5.5e-04 NA 9.4e-07
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.2810 0.0970 1.2e-04 0.042 0.032 0.018 NA 0.018 1.9e-03 5.9e-03 3.1e-02 NA 2.9e-02
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0440 0.0280 8.2e-03 0.002 0.016 0.014 NA 0.000 2.0e-01 9.9e-03 1.4e-02 NA 3.2e-01

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 2.1 -1.5 -0.8 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.2 3.0 8.0 -2.3 -0.0 1.7 2.8 0.9 1.3 2.6 0.4 1.5 1.4
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.5 3.2 6.8 1.6 -0.1 -2.0 -1.5 -1.8 -2.0 -2.6 -1.0 -1.2 -2.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.3 2.9 1.5 1.3 1.1 -1.0 0.5 0.5 -1.6 -0.2 0.6 -1.7
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.5 -0.8 0.7 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.5 6.2 0.7 0.2 -2.2 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -2.1 -0.2 -1.1 -2.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.5 7.5 -1.7 0.6 1.5 2.7 0.5 1.0 2.5 -0.0 1.6 1.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.1 1.5 3.4 -1.9 -1.7 -0.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 1.8 0.9 0.3 1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.9 -0.1 0.4 -1.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 2.7 3.2 11.8 1.1 0.8 1.5 -0.8 3.4 3.0 -1.0 2.3 0.7 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.7 2.9 10.5 0.7 0.6 1.3 -0.2 3.2 2.9 -0.5 2.1 1.5 -0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 9.9 14.4 60.9 0.4 -0.1 2.1 -1.0 7.8 6.7 -0.6 5.5 1.2 -0.4
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.9 4.2 13.1 1.7 0.8 -0.8 0.0 -3.6 -3.0 -2.0 -3.1 -0.9 -1.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.1 5.1 13.2 1.9 1.3 -0.7 -1.1 -3.6 -2.9 -2.5 -3.1 -1.6 -2.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.8 1.4 2.8 0.6 0.9 -0.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.2 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.8 0.9 2.9 0.1 0.5 -0.5 1.3 -1.5 -1.7 0.6 -0.8 0.7 0.6
Reaction Time 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -1.4 -0.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.9 2.1 5.2 -1.3 -0.0 -1.7 2.0 -0.4 -1.0 1.8 0.9 1.6 2.3
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.6 1.4 -0.2 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.6 0.8 2.4 0.1 0.5 1.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.1 1.3 -1.1 0.3 1.1
Prostate Cancer 0.9 1.3 5.9 -1.3 -2.4 0.9 -0.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 0.5 -0.2 0.3
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.1 1.3 0.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.9 0.9 4.0 2.0 0.1 0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 -1.2 0.0 -0.0 -1.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.1 1.6 4.5 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -0.7 -0.6 -1.9 -0.7 -0.4 -2.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.8 0.3 0.8 1.3 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.2 -0.3 0.6
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.4 2.3 9.3 1.7 0.8 0.1 -0.1 -3.1 -2.4 -1.6 0.0 -0.9 -0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 1.2 1.4 3.6 -1.9 -1.7 -0.7 1.9 -0.2 -0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.9 0.7
Fasting Glucose 1.0 1.3 2.6 -0.6 -1.4 1.6 -0.0 1.1 1.6 1.3 1.4 0.7 -0.1
HbA1C 1.0 1.1 2.5 -0.8 -1.2 1.4 1.1 0.0 0.7 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.2
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.0 0.9
Lupus 0.3 0.4 2.1 1.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 -1.0 0.4 0.3 -0.3
Neuroticism (2016) 4.1 6.0 15.1 2.6 2.2 -1.7 -3.4 -0.9 -1.3 -3.6 -0.6 -1.8 -3.9
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.5 1.5 0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.9 -1.3 0.5 -0.6 -1.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.9 -0.4 -1.5 0.2 -0.0 -0.6 -0.1 1.1 1.4 -0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.6 3.5 10.0 -2.1 0.1 2.4 3.2 0.9 1.7 2.7 -0.1 0.9 1.7
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 2.1 -0.8 0.1 0.8 -0.9 1.4 1.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.3 1.6 3.6 1.9 1.0 1.0 -1.9 0.0 0.6 -1.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3
Ulcerative Colitis 2.0 2.9 6.8 1.7 0.7 -0.1 -2.1 -1.9 -1.5 -2.6 0.0 -2.0 -2.2
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.7 12.8 42.2 -4.0 0.2 -0.9 4.3 -0.6 -1.1 5.9 2.0 2.9 6.5
Blood Platelet Count 0.8 9.7 21.8 2.7 1.0 -0.8 -1.6 -4.7 -3.6 -3.5 -4.2 -3.4 -3.2
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.5 4.0 1.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.7 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 -1.5 -1.0 -2.0
Blood White Count 1.6 12.1 46.8 -0.8 -0.7 -4.7 0.8 -6.3 -6.8 0.7 -2.4 0.2 2.0
Heel T-Score 0.3 2.7 9.7 0.7 1.8 -3.1 1.5 -1.5 -2.3 -0.3 -0.4 1.8 0.5
BMI 2.9 16.9 33.8 3.9 -0.1 -1.9 -3.9 -4.3 -3.7 -5.3 -3.9 -5.1 -5.8
Height 0.1 2.2 5.5 -1.0 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 2.3 2.0 -0.7 1.8 -2.0 -1.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.9 4.2 11.8 1.3 0.5 1.5 -1.6 -1.8 -0.4 -1.5 -3.1 -3.4 -2.8
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.7 3.3 14.5 -0.2 3.8 -0.7 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 1.2 0.5 2.7 2.6
Smoking Status 1.0 2.4 9.9 -3.2 -2.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 2.6 0.3 -1.5 0.4
Allergy or Eczema 0.9 2.4 5.7 -1.4 0.3 0.2 2.4 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.5 1.8 2.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 2.1 7.0 0.1 -0.7 -2.5 -0.4 -2.4 -2.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.7 1.5 3.9 -1.6 -0.1 -1.5 2.0 -0.0 -0.5 1.7 1.1 0.3 1.3
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.0 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.6 1.0 2.1 1.2 1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.0 5.1 13.9 -1.1 -3.3 -0.5 -1.0 3.7 3.0 -0.4 2.8 -1.0 -2.3
Lung FVC 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.5 -0.5
Neuroticism 0.7 1.7 4.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.8 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.6 -0.4 -1.5 -2.1
Chronotype (morning person) 1.4 3.3 14.2 -0.2 -1.4 -3.8 -0.7 -2.1 -3.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.1 -1.1
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.3 4.3 2.1 1.1 -0.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.1 -2.0 -2.0 -1.1 -1.7
Tanning 0.0 0.6 1.9 -0.9 0.3 -0.5 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.3 1.1 -0.1 -0.4
Hand grip strength (left) 0.5 1.4 4.7 0.7 -1.0 0.2 -1.4 1.1 1.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.0 -2.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.2 2.1 6.2 0.6 -2.1 -1.0 -0.2 -2.5 -2.3 -0.3 -1.5 -1.1 -0.6
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 1.0 0.8 -0.2 1.0 -0.0 -0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.8 4.8 17.2 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -3.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.9 -1.8 -4.2 -3.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 2.5 1.6 0.7 1.2 -1.3 1.6 1.5 -1.0 0.4 1.0 -1.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 3.8 5.8 9.8 2.8 1.3 2.2 -3.1 -1.2 0.1 -2.6 -3.0 -2.7 -3.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.7 1.5 5.0 0.4 1.3 2.2 -0.7 -0.2 1.0 -0.7 -2.1 -1.2 -0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.3 1.7 4.5 -0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.5 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.9 -2.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.6 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.3 1.5 5.2 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8 1.1 0.3 -0.1 2.3 1.0 1.9 1.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.4 8.1 1.2 2.9 -1.9 0.6 -1.6 -2.0 -0.5 -0.1 1.3 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.3 -0.4 1.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3
Angina 0.8 1.0 2.6 -1.0 -1.4 -1.6 1.0 -1.2 -1.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 1.2 0.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.4 -0.4 -1.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.0 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.9
Supplements: Zinc 1.5 1.6 4.9 -1.1 -0.5 1.8 -0.0 2.0 2.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 -0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 1.7 1.9 5.9 0.7 1.5 0.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.5 -0.4 -2.4 -1.8 -0.7
Medication: Metformin 0.7 0.9 2.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.7 1.0 -1.7 -1.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.1
Diabetes (father) 1.8 2.2 7.3 1.3 1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -2.7 -2.3 -0.7 -2.1 0.0 -0.2
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 0.2 -0.8 -1.2 0.0
Severe depression (siblings) 1.6 1.8 3.7 1.9 0.9 1.9 -1.3 -0.0 0.8 -1.2 -1.6 -0.2 -1.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 2.8 4.3 10.2 1.7 0.7 0.2 -1.3 -2.1 -1.3 -2.3 -3.1 -2.6 -3.2
Impedance of leg (right) 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.3
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.0 -0.1 -0.2 -1.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.0 -1.4 -1.3
Trunk fat percentage 1.8 7.3 13.0 1.8 -0.1 -1.3 -2.9 -3.6 -3.0 -2.7 -3.1 -3.4 -2.9
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.5 4.3 -0.1 -1.4 1.2 -0.5 2.1 2.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 -1.4
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.5 2.1 7.3 0.9 -0.5 1.0 -0.3 -1.5 -0.6 -0.8 -2.7 -2.1 -2.0
Current tobacco smoking 1.2 1.9 4.9 -1.0 -1.3 2.2 -0.8 1.1 1.8 0.2 -0.4 -1.7 -1.8
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 1.4 2.1 8.2 -2.9 -2.5 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 2.0 0.9 -0.4 1.1
Fed-up feelings 0.6 1.1 2.7 1.0 -0.3 -1.3 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -0.3 0.5 -1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 3.2 1.5 0.2 1.0 -1.4 0.8 0.7 -1.5 -0.0 0.4 -1.8
Relative age voice broke 2.5 3.8 14.4 1.1 1.0 3.8 -0.3 2.5 3.7 -0.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7
Taking other prescription medications 2.3 3.6 10.6 0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -3.3 -2.5 -1.1 -2.7 -2.4 -1.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.2 2.8 15.2 0.2 0.8 3.9 0.2 1.7 2.8 0.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.4 -0.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 0.9 3.5 -0.8 -1.9 -1.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.4 0.6 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.6 2.8 1.0 0.0 1.7 -0.7 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.3 1.7 6.1 1.3 0.9 0.2 -1.8 0.9 0.7 -1.8 0.4 -0.3 -2.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.0 2.5 7.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 -2.2 -0.0 0.7 -1.8 -1.3 -1.7 -2.7
High blood pressure 1.2 3.3 12.5 0.8 0.2 -2.9 -0.2 -3.1 -3.5 -0.6 -1.0 0.3 0.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.5 1.0 2.6 -0.7 1.0 -0.5 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.6
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.5 2.0 4.3 2.0 1.3 2.1 -1.0 0.7 1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -2.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.7 0.8 2.6 -0.3 -0.0 1.0 -1.1 1.4 1.6 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.8 1.7 0.4 -1.3 0.3 -0.3 1.1 1.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.9 -1.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.6 3.0 8.4 2.4 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -2.9 -1.3 -1.9 -2.8
Medication: Atenolol 1.1 1.3 4.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.3 2.1 0.9 0.6
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.8 2.4 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.4 1.5 0.9 0.5 1.2
Sitting height 0.1 0.8 1.9 -1.1 -0.1 1.1 -0.6 1.2 1.4 0.5 0.5 -1.2 -0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 0.9 4.8 -2.2 -1.1 -0.8 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 1.2 0.5 -0.6 0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.7 1.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 -0.2 1.5 0.9
Body mass index (BMI) 1.6 6.7 11.2 1.7 -0.8 -1.8 -2.9 -3.3 -3.0 -2.6 -2.7 -3.2 -2.7
Impedance of leg (left) 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.8 0.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.7 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.0 2.4 -0.0 -0.1 -1.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1 -0.1 -1.4 -1.3
Trunk fat mass 1.6 6.8 12.5 1.6 -0.3 -1.6 -3.0 -3.2 -2.8 -2.8 -2.6 -3.5 -3.0
Waist circumference 2.5 9.3 16.9 2.2 -0.3 -1.2 -3.3 -3.8 -3.0 -3.1 -3.6 -4.1 -3.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 0.9 1.8 1.0 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 0.3 0.9 -0.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.7 7.0 2.6 1.1 0.8 0.7 -0.2 0.0 -2.1 -1.2 1.2 -0.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.1 1.8 8.2 2.3 0.7 -0.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.1 -2.9 0.1 0.3 -1.5
Nervous feelings 0.5 1.0 3.2 -1.8 -0.2 -1.2 0.7 0.9 0.4 1.5 1.1 0.1 0.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.8 2.9 9.7 2.6 1.0 -0.1 -1.8 0.6 0.5 -2.7 -0.2 0.3 -3.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.9 3.1 6.1 1.9 1.8 0.8 -2.3 0.2 0.9 -2.2 -1.1 -2.2 -2.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.0 1.3 3.4 -1.1 0.9 -1.0 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.8 0.9 0.3
Had menopause 0.6 0.7 1.8 1.2 0.2 0.9 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -1.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.8 3.0 12.0 -0.3 -0.6 1.0 -0.3 3.5 3.3 0.4 2.1 1.2 -0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.8 4.2 0.1 -0.2 -2.1 0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.0 -0.9
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.8 2.4 0.9 0.5 1.6 -1.3 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.3 -0.9
Qualifications: None of the above 1.6 3.4 12.4 0.3 0.1 -2.8 0.3 -3.4 -3.5 -0.0 -1.3 -0.8 0.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 2.5 3.3 8.7 1.5 1.7 1.8 -2.0 -0.3 0.5 -2.2 -1.9 -3.0 -1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.2 1.8 6.5 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.1 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.2
Heart attack 1.7 2.2 6.1 0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.1 -2.5 -2.1 -1.3 -1.7 -0.8 -1.9
Allergy 0.5 1.1 2.6 1.2 -0.2 1.1 -1.6 0.3 0.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.7 -1.4
Pain all over the body in last month 1.2 1.3 2.5 -1.2 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.8 2.7 8.4 1.1 -0.5 -1.9 0.3 -2.8 -2.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -0.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 3.2 -1.0 -1.8 0.3 1.6 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.7 -0.6 0.8
Medication: Ramipril 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.5 0.3 -0.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -1.5 -0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.5 5.2 0.3 -0.8 -1.9 0.2 -2.2 -2.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.6
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.2 4.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 1.4 0.0 -0.4 1.3 0.8 2.0 1.6
Illnesses of siblings 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.7 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.3
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.0 2.9 0.6 -0.4 -1.7 -1.5 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 0.3 -1.1 -1.4
Weight 0.9 4.5 10.1 0.9 -0.8 -1.6 -2.7 -2.1 -2.0 -2.2 -1.8 -3.2 -2.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.4 1.8 5.8 -1.1 2.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.3 0.7 2.4 1.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.4 5.5 10.5 1.2 -0.4 -1.7 -2.6 -3.2 -2.9 -2.3 -2.4 -2.9 -2.4
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 2.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.8
Hip circumference 0.8 3.4 5.9 1.0 -0.6 -2.0 -2.1 -2.3 -2.4 -2.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.9
Time employed in main current job 1.4 1.6 6.1 -0.3 -0.2 1.1 -0.4 2.5 2.4 1.2 1.0 0.4 0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.5 2.3 6.2 -0.9 -2.5 -0.8 1.2 -1.8 -1.5 0.7 -1.3 -2.4 -0.1
Father’s age at death 2.4 3.2 12.9 3.6 3.1 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.0 -2.5 -0.3 0.9 -0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 2.5 4.1 9.3 2.8 1.4 0.2 -2.9 -0.8 -0.5 -2.9 -1.7 -1.2 -3.1
Falls in the last year 1.1 1.5 5.9 0.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.3 2.4 2.1 0.1 1.7 0.6 -0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.8 1.1 3.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.2 -1.3 -1.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.7 1.8
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.5 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 1.0 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.0 3.5 13.0 0.1 -1.4 0.9 -1.2 3.6 3.3 -0.1 2.2 0.9 -0.9
Pulse rate 0.9 1.5 4.2 2.0 1.2 1.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -2.1 -0.2 -0.9
Happiness 0.5 0.6 2.3 -0.0 1.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -1.4 -0.7
Noisy workplace 0.9 1.1 2.9 -1.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.0 -1.3 -0.8 1.3 -0.9 -1.7 0.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.2 2.6 5.6 -1.0 -1.2 0.8 0.8 2.4 2.0 1.4 2.3 1.4 1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.7 1.9 -0.8 -1.5 0.5 0.2 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.9 2.8 -0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.0 -1.7 -1.1 0.0 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8
Asthma 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.4 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 -0.7 0.4 0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.6 2.1 6.2 0.4 -1.1 2.1 -1.3 2.3 2.5 0.2 0.9 -0.4 -1.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 2.5 3.8 9.4 1.1 1.1 -2.3 -1.1 -3.1 -3.1 -1.9 -1.4 -1.7 -1.5
Depression (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 5.1 1.7 0.6 0.6 -2.2 -0.2 0.3 -1.5 -1.6 -2.2 -2.2
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.7 0.9 0.0
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.0 0.2 -1.4 0.7 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.2
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.1 -0.3 1.1 -0.2 -1.3 -0.8 0.7 -1.4 -1.1 0.1
Illnesses of mother 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.9 0.4 0.4 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.7 2.2 7.3 -0.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3 2.7 1.9 -0.2 2.6 1.4 -0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.9
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 1.0 2.9 -0.5 1.7 1.5 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.3 1.4 0.5
Arm fat mass (right) 1.4 5.6 9.5 1.2 -0.6 -1.9 -2.6 -3.1 -2.9 -2.4 -2.3 -3.0 -2.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.8 2.2 -0.8 -1.2 -1.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.6 -1.5 -0.8
Standing height 0.1 1.3 4.8 -1.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 2.2 1.9 0.3 1.5 -0.5 0.0
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.6 1.4 -1.0 0.4 -1.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.7 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.0
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 1.1 1.1 -0.3 0.7 0.6 0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.8 0.8 -0.7 0.0 0.2 -0.0 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.1 1.7 6.0 -0.0 0.4 1.2 -2.4 1.0 1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -1.8 -1.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.4 6.0 1.0 0.4 -0.2 -2.5 -0.2 0.0 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.5
Birth weight of first child 0.7 1.3 4.4 0.4 -0.9 0.6 -1.1 -1.6 -1.1 -0.7 -2.1 -0.2 -1.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.9 4.4 16.7 -0.6 -1.0 1.7 -0.5 4.1 3.9 0.9 2.5 0.8 0.7
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.9 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.7 0.8 3.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -1.9 0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 -1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 1.2 1.4 4.1 0.6 -0.1 1.4 -1.6 1.4 2.0 -0.5 0.3 -1.1 -1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.8 1.3 4.1 -0.0 -0.1 1.7 -0.3 1.9 2.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.3 1.0 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -1.4 0.4 -1.1 -0.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.6 0.8 2.6 -0.3 0.5 -1.0 0.3 -1.6 -1.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 1.0 1.6 5.2 -1.8 -1.3 0.1 -0.5 1.0 1.1 2.3 0.6 0.7 1.6
Headache pain in last month 1.7 2.9 9.5 0.2 -3.1 0.7 -2.6 1.9 1.8 -0.2 1.5 -0.4 -1.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 2.0 3.2 11.0 -1.1 -0.9 2.4 0.1 3.1 3.3 1.3 1.2 0.3 0.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.9 -1.1 -1.4 1.3 -0.4 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.4 2.0 1.0
Gout (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.3 -0.7 -1.1 -0.4 1.8 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.6 -0.8 0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 2.9 -1.0 0.5 -0.6 1.6 -0.1 -0.1 1.7 0.7 0.7 1.5
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 3.1 -0.7 -0.9 -1.8 1.3 -1.2 -1.5 0.6 -0.4 0.7 0.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.8 1.3 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 0.1
Birth weight 0.9 2.0 7.1 1.6 0.9 -0.4 -2.3 0.3 0.3 -1.8 -0.1 -0.7 -2.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 3.9 4.5 17.1 -4.1 -1.0 -2.4 2.0 0.4 -0.3 2.7 2.0 1.9 1.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.1 1.6 4.6 1.1 2.1 0.0 -0.7 -1.9 -1.6 -0.5 -1.6 -0.4 0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.6 2.1 6.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.6 2.5 1.7 0.6 2.4 2.1 0.5
Body fat percentage 2.2 8.6 15.5 1.9 -0.5 -1.6 -3.2 -3.9 -3.4 -2.9 -3.3 -3.7 -3.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.4 8.6 14.0 1.9 -1.4 -2.1 -3.3 -3.7 -3.5 -2.9 -2.5 -3.7 -3.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.4 1.9 6.1 0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -1.6 -0.6 -2.5 -1.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.2 0.3 1.6 1.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.9 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.4 6.3 1.7 0.5 -0.3 -2.1 -0.9 -0.5 -1.9 -1.6 -1.8 -2.5
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.9 2.2 -0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -1.2 0.2 -0.8 -1.2 0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.7 1.1 0.6 -0.8 1.2 -0.4 -1.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.5 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -1.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.3 2.4 10.2 -3.2 -2.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 2.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.9
Number of children fathered 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.8 0.2 0.5 -0.3 1.6 1.3 0.2 1.4 -0.0 0.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.7 0.8 1.7 0.7 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 3.0 -1.0 0.4 0.3 1.5 -0.1 0.1 1.5 -0.7 1.3 1.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.7 -0.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.5 0.4 -1.1
Health satisfaction 2.9 3.8 8.0 1.4 1.3 -0.2 -2.4 -1.9 -1.4 -1.8 -2.1 -2.8 -2.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.4 4.5 10.4 -1.3 -1.0 0.9 1.4 3.2 2.5 2.0 2.9 2.3 2.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.3 1.5 3.2 1.3 0.9 -0.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.8 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 3.1 -1.2 0.4 0.2 1.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.9 -1.8 -1.1 0.6
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.0 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.8 0.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.4 0.6 2.4 0.3 -0.0 1.1 -0.4 1.1 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 1.6 2.8 10.3 1.0 0.7 -2.5 0.4 -2.8 -3.2 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 -0.1
Angina (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.5 -1.2 -1.6 -1.5 1.2 -1.2 -1.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3
Migraine (self-reported) 3.4 4.3 9.8 -1.8 -1.7 0.3 1.9 2.9 2.2 2.1 3.1 1.9 1.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.8 2.1 6.1 1.1 -0.5 2.5 -1.4 1.9 2.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -1.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.4 0.7 -0.5 1.2 0.8 0.6 -0.9 0.5 -1.1 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 3.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.9 -0.0 -0.6 -1.1 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.4 0.5 1.6 -1.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.7 1.0 -1.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 0.4
Heart disease (mother) 2.5 3.0 6.5 1.4 -0.2 0.6 -2.4 -2.5 -1.8 -0.8 -2.4 -2.4 -0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.7 0.8 3.4 1.8 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 1.4 -0.9
Whole body fat mass 1.7 7.2 11.6 1.8 -0.4 -1.8 -3.1 -3.4 -3.0 -2.8 -2.8 -3.3 -3.0
Leg fat mass (right) 2.1 8.0 12.5 2.0 -0.7 -2.0 -3.5 -3.3 -3.1 -3.1 -2.4 -3.5 -3.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 1.9 6.1 0.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.6 -0.8 -2.5 -2.1
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.6 1.9 4.9 1.3 -0.2 -0.0 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -2.2 -1.9 -1.2 -1.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.5 3.7 -1.2 0.4 1.9 -0.1 0.9 1.6 1.6 -0.7 -1.0 1.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.5 3.1 -1.8 -0.4 -1.7 0.3 0.4 -0.3 1.6 1.7 0.7 1.5
Number of full sisters 0.1 0.2 1.0 -1.0 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.8 2.7 6.6 1.7 0.2 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 -2.3 -1.6 -1.3 -2.6
Overall health rating 2.8 6.1 17.1 2.5 0.8 -0.7 -2.6 -2.3 -1.7 -3.0 -2.6 -2.4 -4.1
Chest pain or discomfort 0.9 1.3 3.8 0.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.6 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -2.0 -1.6
Had major operations 5.4 6.4 17.2 1.9 3.0 -1.3 -1.7 -4.2 -3.5 -2.0 -3.0 -1.8 -1.3
Age at last live birth 1.0 1.5 4.2 -0.6 1.8 0.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.5 -0.7 1.8 2.0
Family relationship satisfaction 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.6
Leg pain on walking 2.3 2.9 7.5 0.5 0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -2.7 -2.0 -1.3 -2.6 -2.4 -1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 -1.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -1.7 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 3.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.5 1.9 6.7 -1.4 -1.7 0.1 2.6 -0.1 -0.1 1.8 0.4 1.0 1.7
Medication: Aspirin 1.4 1.8 5.2 1.4 0.3 -1.5 0.1 -2.3 -2.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.8 7.2 1.1 0.5 -0.0 -2.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.6 -1.7
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.2 3.2 11.2 1.2 0.5 -2.5 -0.9 -3.1 -3.3 -0.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 -1.7 -1.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.8 1.1 3.4 1.0 0.9 0.0 -1.8 -0.8 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1 -0.3 -1.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.9 1.1 3.2 1.8 0.9 0.9 -1.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4
Smoking status: Previous 1.0 1.5 4.9 -2.2 -0.4 -1.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 1.9 1.5 -0.4 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.8 3.7 11.5 -2.5 -0.4 -0.0 -1.4 3.4 2.8 1.0 2.8 0.2 -0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 2.4 -0.5 -0.9 -1.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.2 -1.4 -1.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.0 -1.3 -1.0
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.8 7.1 12.4 1.6 -0.2 -1.5 -2.9 -3.5 -3.0 -2.8 -2.9 -3.4 -2.9
Average weekly red wine intake 1.1 1.7 5.8 1.7 1.7 0.8 -0.9 0.3 0.4 -2.4 -0.3 0.4 -1.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.6
Mood swings 1.7 3.0 9.2 2.2 0.2 -1.3 -2.1 -0.5 -0.6 -2.7 -0.6 -1.3 -3.0
Loneliness, isolation 0.4 0.5 2.3 0.5 1.0 -0.3 -1.5 0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.6 5.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -2.4 -1.8 0.4 -1.8 -1.3 0.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.9 1.1 3.0 0.1 1.2 -1.6 1.7 0.4 -0.0 0.6 1.4 0.3 0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 2.4 4.0 10.6 1.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -3.2 -2.9 -2.1 -2.6 -1.7 -0.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.7 0.7 2.2 0.0 0.8 0.9 -0.6 1.1 1.5 0.9 -0.0 0.8 0.5
Friendships satisfaction 0.7 0.9 2.6 -1.4 -1.6 -0.2 -1.3 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 -1.0 -0.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.8 1.3 3.5 -1.3 -0.4 0.1 0.4 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 1.3 1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.0 1.1 3.3 1.7 1.0 1.8 0.0 0.2 1.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.5 0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 -1.4 0.0 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.7
Medication for cholesterol 0.6 0.8 3.6 0.5 0.1 0.9 -0.2 1.9 1.8 -0.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.0 1.2 4.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -0.0 -1.5 -0.9 -2.1 -1.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.8 -1.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.2
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 2.2 1.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 0.2 -1.0
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.3
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.0 1.0 0.8 -0.3 0.2 1.1 -0.7 0.3 0.9
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.8 -1.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.6 1.7 0.9 0.8
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 4.9 0.3 -0.0 -2.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 1.0 0.8 -0.4
Medication: Aspirin 1.7 2.2 6.4 1.5 0.5 -1.8 0.3 -2.5 -2.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.6
Medication: Gliclazide 3.3 3.8 8.6 1.9 0.8 -0.9 -1.4 -2.9 -2.4 -2.1 -2.4 -1.7 -1.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.4 -0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.3
Smoking status: Current 0.9 1.5 3.1 -1.4 -1.4 1.8 -0.5 1.1 1.6 0.5 -0.1 -1.3 -1.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.1 2.3 7.6 0.6 -1.7 0.2 -0.2 2.8 1.9 -0.6 2.4 1.5 -0.3
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.8 2.3 -0.5 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.1 -1.5 -1.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.6 2.0 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 -1.4 -1.1
Arm fat mass (left) 1.5 6.3 11.4 1.3 -0.6 -1.6 -2.8 -3.1 -2.7 -2.7 -2.5 -3.4 -2.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.0 1.8 5.7 0.0 -1.3 -1.5 0.5 -2.4 -2.2 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 -1.0 0.2 0.4 0.0
Miserableness 1.1 1.9 4.5 2.1 0.4 -1.5 -2.0 -0.8 -1.2 -2.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.5
Guilty feelings 0.7 1.1 2.8 0.4 -0.0 1.1 -1.4 1.4 1.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 -1.4
Wears glasses or contact lenses 3.1 3.6 10.7 1.4 0.9 -2.2 -0.4 -3.2 -3.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -0.8
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.1 1.2 3.3 -1.8 0.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.5
Hearing aid user 0.6 0.7 2.2 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 1.5 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.0 0.9 0.1
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 5.5 2.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.0 -1.4 0.2 0.9 -0.6
Financial situation satisfaction 1.9 2.4 6.8 1.1 2.6 0.6 -1.7 -0.8 -0.4 -1.6 -1.3 -2.4 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.4 1.6 5.0 0.4 -0.8 -1.5 0.9 -2.2 -2.0 -0.7 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 2.1 2.5 7.5 1.7 1.5 -0.5 0.7 -2.7 -2.3 0.2 -2.3 0.7 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.9 0.2 1.4 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 1.8 6.8 -0.3 -0.1 -1.7 0.2 -2.6 -2.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.2 0.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.6 0.7 1.4 -1.1 1.2 -0.3 -0.5 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.3
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.1 -0.6 0.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.8 0.4 -0.7 -0.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 -1.4 -1.0 -2.0 -1.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.4 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.7 1.1 4.1 -1.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.3 1.3 1.3
Medication: Lisinopril 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.5 0.6 3.0 -0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.2 -1.7 -0.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.1 0.7 1.0 -0.4 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.4 -1.4 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.3
Ever smoked 0.6 1.1 4.4 -0.2 0.1 1.0 -2.1 0.8 1.1 0.0 0.3 -1.8 -0.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 1.3 3.5 -0.2 -0.9 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.2 -1.9 -1.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.4 8.5 14.1 2.1 -1.4 -1.6 -3.4 -3.7 -3.2 -2.9 -3.0 -3.8 -3.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.2 3.7 0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -1.9 -1.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.5 3.7 8.8 2.1 2.2 -1.3 -1.2 -3.0 -2.7 -1.8 -1.8 -0.0 -1.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.1
Irritability 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.0 -0.4 -1.1
Risk taking 0.7 1.0 5.1 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 -2.3 0.9 0.5 -0.8 1.3 0.3 -0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 2.3 2.7 8.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.8 1.6 -0.7 -1.6 2.0 1.6 1.3 2.9
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 1.3 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.9 -0.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.0 1.2 3.1 -1.2 -0.2 1.7 1.1 0.0 0.4 1.7 -0.5 0.7 1.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.9 4.2 0.5 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.5 1.7 0.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.8 1.0 3.2 1.3 0.8 0.0 -0.2 -1.8 -1.6 -0.1 -1.4 0.4 0.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 0.4 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.2
Myopia 0.7 1.1 4.8 2.2 1.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.7 4.6 17.3 -1.1 0.1 3.3 0.4 3.8 4.2 0.8 1.4 -0.1 0.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 3.3 -0.5 -1.8 -0.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.3 1.6 5.6 -0.9 -1.6 -2.4 0.6 -0.6 -1.4 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 4.6 0.1 0.7 -0.3 2.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 1.4 0.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.8 0.3 1.0 0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 3.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 -0.4 -1.8 -1.2 -1.4 -2.0 -1.3 -1.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.7 2.2 5.9 0.5 -0.4 -1.4 -1.1 -2.4 -2.1 -1.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.3 -0.3 0.4 -1.2 0.3 -1.5 -1.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.8
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -1.0 0.1 -1.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 3.1 -1.7 1.8 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.1 1.1
Pack years of smoking 2.8 4.2 8.6 1.8 0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -2.4 -1.7 -2.3 -2.9 -2.6 -2.7
Impedance of whole body 0.2 0.9 3.2 0.3 1.4 1.8 0.1 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.0 1.4 0.2
Leg fat mass (left) 2.1 8.1 12.5 2.2 -0.7 -1.8 -3.5 -3.3 -3.0 -3.1 -2.8 -3.5 -3.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.1 3.3 -0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -1.8 -1.1