Hub : Genes

PTN

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.2450 0.0900 5.2e-03 0.076 NA 0.158 NA 0.028 5.6e-05 NA 5.0e-09 NA 1.0e-02
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0888 0.0356 5.3e-03 0.071 NA 0.023 NA 0.065 2.9e-06 NA 5.6e-03 NA 8.4e-06
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1460 0.0380 4.0e-05 0.062 NA 0.078 NA 0.103 1.9e-05 NA 1.7e-06 NA 3.8e-08
4 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.2350 0.0540 9.7e-08 0.234 NA 0.210 NA 0.228 1.0e-15 NA 4.5e-14 NA 2.6e-15
5 GTEx Heart Atrial Appendage 0.3950 0.0730 9.9e-08 0.227 NA 0.296 NA 0.243 1.5e-10 NA 8.7e-14 NA 2.8e-11
6 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.2151 0.0603 4.1e-06 0.181 NA 0.116 NA 0.170 7.0e-13 NA 1.4e-08 NA 4.3e-12
7 GTEx Thyroid 0.1460 0.0370 9.3e-07 0.122 NA 0.126 NA 0.122 1.4e-09 NA 7.8e-10 NA 1.4e-09
8 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0911 0.0292 5.2e-05 0.004 0.019 0.017 0.021 0.017 9.8e-02 1.5e-03 2.3e-03 0.00095 2.3e-03
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.1108 0.0302 1.1e-11 0.129 0.098 0.131 NA 0.119 2.7e-14 3.9e-11 1.4e-14 NA 2.8e-13
10 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.4010 0.0730 0.0e+00 0.412 0.390 0.412 NA 0.419 2.5e-25 1.2e-23 2.6e-25 NA 7.6e-26

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.3 2.1 5.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.7 1.4 -1.8 -1.6 -2.4 1.1 1.5 1.6
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 4.4 10.8 27.4 0.0 -2.6 -2.7 3.2 -4.3 -3.9 -5.2 1.2 3.3 3.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 3.5 7.4 19.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.3 -3.6 -0.9 4.1 2.9 1.1 -4.4 -3.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.3 3.4 9.9 0.0 -1.4 -2.0 -2.2 -1.3 1.5 -0.5 3.1 -2.1 -2.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.0 3.0 9.6 0.0 -3.0 -1.8 1.0 -3.1 -0.9 -1.8 0.5 1.4 1.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 4.6 10.7 29.2 0.0 0.3 -0.5 -4.1 0.2 5.4 3.9 2.2 -4.8 -4.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 4.6 9.6 22.8 0.0 -2.6 -2.9 2.9 -4.2 -3.7 -4.8 0.5 3.1 2.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 3.5 0.0 -0.1 -1.9 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 4.1 8.7 21.2 0.0 1.9 0.9 -3.3 1.9 4.6 4.0 2.1 -3.9 -3.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.0 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.1 -0.6 0.5 -1.4 0.4 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.6 1.7 4.0 0.0 1.3 1.7 2.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 1.9 2.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.7 2.5 6.6 0.0 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.5 -0.6 0.4 -1.7 1.2 1.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.7 1.6 0.0 1.1 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.7 3.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.7 0.8 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.4 0.7 2.7 0.0 -1.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 1.0 0.1 -0.5
Major Depression (MDD) 1.5 1.8 4.4 0.0 -0.0 -1.8 -1.5 -0.3 1.8 1.2 1.0 -2.1 -1.5
Reaction Time 0.9 1.7 5.0 0.0 0.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.2 2.2 0.3 2.2 -1.2 -1.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.8 1.9 7.7 0.0 -2.8 -2.4 -0.5 -1.8 0.9 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.4
Breast Cancer 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.8 0.9 0.9 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3
Prostate Cancer 2.2 3.0 6.4 0.0 -1.3 -0.4 2.5 -0.3 -2.5 -1.7 -0.9 2.4 2.5
Age at First Birth 2.9 4.2 12.5 0.0 -1.4 -1.1 2.6 -1.4 -1.6 -2.5 1.6 3.5 2.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 2.9 2.8 9.5 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 1.6 -1.6 -2.1 -3.1 0.3 2.1 1.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.7 1.0 2.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.4 1.1 1.5 1.3 -1.0 -1.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.0 1.2 1.1 -0.3 0.7 0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.0 1.5 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.8 0.9 3.7 0.0 -0.3 0.1 1.4 -0.5 -0.8 -1.9 0.3 0.9 1.3
Fasting Glucose 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0
HbA1C 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 -0.0 0.0 0.5 -1.1 0.2 0.3
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -1.4 -1.4 -0.9 -0.5 0.6 0.0
LDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 3.1 0.0 1.6 1.7 0.5 1.3 0.4 1.4 -1.8 0.4 0.5
Lupus 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.8
Neuroticism (2016) 2.3 3.3 7.2 0.0 -0.8 -1.5 -2.6 0.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 -2.7 -2.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.9 2.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -1.6 -0.5 0.8 0.4 1.2 -1.2 -1.6
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.3 0.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.9 6.3 15.8 0.0 -2.0 -3.0 2.0 -3.2 -3.2 -4.0 1.2 2.2 2.1
Triglycerides 1.4 2.3 4.8 0.0 1.9 1.4 -1.2 1.8 1.9 2.2 -0.3 -1.9 -1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.9 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -0.3
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.6
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.4 2.2 0.0 -1.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.9 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.4
Blood Red Count 0.4 3.7 14.4 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -1.7 0.1 3.8 2.4 2.3 -2.2 -1.8
Blood White Count 0.5 4.0 10.7 0.0 2.7 2.2 -1.5 1.0 3.3 3.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1.4
Heel T-Score 0.3 2.1 5.2 0.0 2.1 2.2 -0.6 2.3 1.1 1.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6
BMI 1.2 6.9 15.0 0.0 0.8 1.8 -3.3 0.9 3.6 3.9 2.5 -3.1 -3.2
Height 0.1 2.5 9.2 0.0 0.9 2.1 1.8 -0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -3.0 1.0 1.8
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.4 6.3 14.7 0.0 1.2 1.4 -3.7 -0.1 2.9 2.2 2.0 -3.7 -3.8
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.3 1.5 6.4 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.5 1.5 1.9 2.5 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3
Smoking Status 0.2 0.5 2.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.5 -1.5 -0.1 -0.9 0.7 -0.7 -0.4
Allergy or Eczema 0.7 1.8 2.8 0.0 -1.5 -1.3 1.6 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.3 1.5 1.4
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.0 6.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -2.2 -0.4 2.5 1.5 2.5 -2.2 -2.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.0 1.0 0.3 0.4
Respiratory disease 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 1.2 0.8 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.3 0.6 1.4 0.0 0.5 0.1 -1.2 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.3 -1.0 -1.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 1.2 6.2 0.0 1.3 0.4 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.7 -2.5 -1.5 -0.8
Lung FVC 0.2 0.8 3.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.6 -0.7 -1.7 -0.6 -1.1 0.8 0.7
Neuroticism 4.8 11.7 27.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -4.6 -0.4 4.9 3.6 2.8 -5.2 -4.6
Chronotype (morning person) 2.1 4.9 13.4 0.0 1.5 0.6 -2.3 1.3 3.7 3.3 1.4 -2.8 -2.3
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.9 3.3 0.0 1.8 1.5 -0.2 0.8 0.5 0.9 -1.0 0.2 -0.3
Tanning 0.1 1.2 5.2 0.0 2.3 2.1 -0.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.9 2.4 10.6 0.0 1.9 3.3 1.4 0.9 -1.4 -0.1 -1.2 1.2 1.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 2.4 4.3 9.9 0.0 -1.9 -3.1 -2.2 -1.2 1.9 0.5 3.0 -2.3 -2.3
Average weekly spirits intake 1.2 1.4 8.4 0.0 -1.8 -1.0 -0.4 -2.9 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 4.5 7.7 24.1 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -3.4 0.5 4.9 3.7 2.0 -3.3 -3.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 2.7 3.7 9.0 0.0 -2.2 -3.0 -1.6 -1.8 1.4 -0.8 2.8 -2.3 -1.6
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -1.5 -0.0 0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 1.6 3.4 11.0 0.0 -1.6 -1.6 1.6 -1.6 -2.5 -3.3 -0.3 1.9 1.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.3 4.0 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.4 -2.0 -0.1 -1.7 1.4 0.1 0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.5 1.9 5.8 0.0 -1.5 -2.4 -1.8 -0.6 0.2 -0.0 0.8 -1.8 -1.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.0 2.3 4.4 0.0 -1.8 -1.6 -2.1 -2.0 0.8 -0.0 0.8 -1.7 -2.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.7 2.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 1.4 1.0 1.5 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.6 0.6 2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.1 0.8 0.1 0.8 -1.5 -1.1
Angina 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -1.4 0.1 0.8 0.2 1.4 -1.1 -1.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.4 0.4 2.6 0.0 -1.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.6 2.1 6.9 0.0 1.9 2.6 -0.8 1.4 1.4 2.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.8
Supplements: Zinc 1.9 2.0 7.0 0.0 -2.0 -2.7 -0.7 -1.7 -0.7 -1.7 0.9 -1.1 -0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 2.9 3.4 9.4 0.0 0.3 -0.6 -2.1 0.6 3.1 2.3 2.1 -2.2 -2.2
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 -1.2
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3
Diabetes (mother) 2.4 3.0 6.0 0.0 2.1 1.7 -2.0 2.4 1.4 1.6 0.4 -1.9 -2.1
Severe depression (siblings) 5.8 6.5 16.7 0.0 -0.9 -2.0 -3.5 -1.0 3.0 1.4 2.5 -4.1 -3.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.7 1.1 5.2 0.0 1.4 2.3 0.8 1.0 -0.2 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 1.8 4.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 2.0 0.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.0 2.0 2.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.1 2.4 0.0 0.1 1.4 -1.1 -0.6 1.6 1.5 0.2 -1.3 -1.0
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.3 17.5 0.0 0.1 0.9 -2.9 -0.6 4.2 2.6 1.6 -2.9 -2.8
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.8 3.5 0.0 0.5 1.9 0.6 -0.7 -0.2 0.8 -1.3 0.7 0.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.2 1.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.1
Current tobacco smoking 0.4 0.6 2.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.4 -1.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.0 1.1 2.0 0.0 0.4 -0.8 -1.3 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.5 -1.4 -1.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.8 1.1 2.9 0.0 -1.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -1.0 1.4 -1.0 -0.6
Fed-up feelings 2.0 3.6 11.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 -2.1 -0.2 3.3 2.3 0.8 -3.0 -2.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.0 4.9 0.0 -1.1 -1.5 -1.8 -0.8 1.0 -0.7 2.2 -1.7 -1.8
Relative age voice broke 1.5 2.3 4.1 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 1.9 -0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -2.0 2.0 1.8
Taking other prescription medications 1.8 2.8 8.4 0.0 -1.9 -2.6 -1.4 -1.0 1.7 0.1 2.9 -1.3 -1.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.9 4.6 10.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 2.5 -1.8 -3.2 -3.3 -0.3 2.8 2.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.6 1.4 0.0 0.7 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.0 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.8 1.9 4.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -2.0 1.3 0.9 1.1 -1.7 -2.1 -2.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.6 2.1 4.4 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -2.0 -0.7 2.1 1.2 1.2 -1.9 -2.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.0 1.1 -0.7 1.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 1.5 1.4
High blood pressure 1.6 4.4 9.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 -3.0 0.0 2.8 1.7 2.6 -3.0 -2.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.2 2.8 9.2 0.0 -2.4 -3.0 0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -2.4 1.4 0.6 0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.7 2.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 1.1 0.2 1.7 -1.1 -0.4
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.8 4.2 0.0 0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.5 -2.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.4 0.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 3.8 4.5 7.8 0.0 -2.1 -1.9 -2.7 -2.2 2.4 1.2 1.8 -2.5 -2.8
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.0 1.1 1.5 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.5 1.1 -0.1 -0.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.2 3.8 0.0 1.9 2.0 -0.4 1.8 0.6 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4
Sitting height 0.4 3.0 8.6 0.0 1.2 2.0 2.1 -0.1 -1.3 -0.5 -2.9 2.0 2.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.3 1.5 3.3 0.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.5 0.9 -1.2 1.2 1.4
High blood pressure (mother) 1.6 2.2 10.3 0.0 1.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.2 3.2 2.6 0.5 -1.1 -1.2
Body mass index (BMI) 1.3 5.6 12.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 -3.3 -0.3 3.5 2.7 1.9 -3.3 -3.2
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.2 2.8 0.0 1.0 0.1 1.6 0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 1.7 1.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.1 2.5 0.0 0.1 1.4 -1.1 -0.6 1.6 1.5 0.2 -1.3 -1.0
Trunk fat mass 1.1 4.6 14.4 0.0 0.1 1.3 -2.7 -0.5 3.8 2.5 1.3 -2.8 -2.6
Waist circumference 2.2 8.0 17.2 0.0 0.1 1.4 -4.0 -0.5 4.2 2.9 2.1 -4.1 -4.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 1.0 5.5 0.0 -0.8 -1.4 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -1.3 2.4 -0.3 0.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.5 1.4 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.1
Nervous feelings 4.5 8.4 19.7 0.0 1.6 -0.5 -3.5 1.4 4.4 3.7 2.2 -4.1 -3.5
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.5 3.9 9.8 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -2.4 0.5 2.6 1.0 3.1 -2.6 -2.3
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -1.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 -1.0 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.0 -0.0 0.4 -1.2 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.4 -1.3 -1.2
Had menopause 1.2 1.5 4.3 0.0 -1.4 -2.1 0.5 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.4 0.8 0.6
Had other major operations 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.3 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.7 2.2 0.0 -0.3 0.9 1.1 -0.2 -1.0 0.2 -1.5 0.8 1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.0 0.7 0.8 -0.8 0.9 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.2 1.5 2.3 0.0 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 1.5 0.7 1.0 -1.5 -1.3
Qualifications: None of the above 4.3 9.3 18.1 0.0 3.7 3.0 -2.7 3.3 4.1 4.3 -0.5 -3.1 -2.8
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.5 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.6 2.4 7.7 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 1.7 0.4 -2.7 -2.8 0.2 1.7 1.7
Heart attack 1.0 1.3 2.9 0.0 -1.7 -1.5 -0.8 -1.6 0.6 -0.7 1.7 -0.5 -1.0
Allergy 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.8 1.4 0.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2
Medication: Ramipril 2.0 2.6 7.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -1.9 0.2 2.7 1.4 2.8 -1.1 -1.9
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.7 9.3 0.0 -0.7 -1.4 -1.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 3.1 -0.8 -1.3
Fluid intelligence score 2.1 4.3 12.3 0.0 -3.5 -2.8 1.0 -3.1 -1.6 -2.6 0.6 1.5 1.1
Illnesses of siblings 1.8 2.5 6.1 0.0 -2.0 -0.3 1.2 -2.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.6 1.4 1.2
Neuroticism score 4.7 9.7 22.8 0.0 0.0 -1.2 -3.8 -0.4 4.8 3.7 2.9 -4.6 -3.9
Weight 0.6 2.9 7.2 0.0 0.1 1.5 -2.1 -0.4 2.7 2.1 0.8 -2.4 -2.1
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.3 3.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 1.4 -0.9 -0.4 -1.7 0.4 2.0 1.3
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.1 4.5 12.2 0.0 -0.1 0.9 -2.8 -0.6 3.5 2.5 1.5 -2.8 -2.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 2.5 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 -1.3 0.1 0.6
Hip circumference 0.7 3.1 8.2 0.0 -0.3 1.0 -2.3 -0.9 2.9 2.0 0.6 -2.4 -2.2
Time employed in main current job 1.5 1.7 4.9 0.0 1.1 1.1 1.9 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -1.2 2.2 1.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.0 1.5 3.8 0.0 1.1 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 1.6 2.0 0.5 -1.7 -1.4
Father’s age at death 0.9 1.3 4.4 0.0 -1.6 -0.9 0.6 0.0 -1.8 -2.1 0.3 0.9 0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 4.2 7.8 16.8 0.0 0.5 -0.3 -4.0 0.4 3.9 2.5 2.7 -4.1 -4.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 4.4 7.1 19.4 0.0 -2.4 -2.6 -3.1 -2.1 2.3 0.1 4.4 -3.3 -3.1
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -1.1 0.2 0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.7
Number of live births 0.6 0.8 3.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.1 1.8 -1.8 -0.9 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.6 3.9 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.6 -2.0 0.2 0.5
Pulse rate 0.5 0.9 2.9 0.0 -0.2 1.6 -0.6 -0.6 1.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7
Happiness 3.0 3.6 8.4 0.0 -2.9 -2.4 -1.8 -1.8 1.5 -0.1 2.4 -2.1 -1.9
Noisy workplace 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.0 0.8 1.4 -0.8 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 2.1 4.7 9.4 0.0 -1.8 -1.2 2.5 -1.5 -3.0 -3.1 0.0 3.0 2.6
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 1.1 -1.0 0.6 -0.5 0.2 1.3 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.4 0.4 -0.7 -0.7
Asthma 0.6 1.2 4.3 0.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.4 2.1 0.3 1.2 -1.7 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.9 -0.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.9 1.5 3.5 0.0 -0.6 -1.5 -1.6 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 1.9 -1.7 -1.6
Depression (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 3.7 0.0 -1.8 -1.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 1.9 -0.6 -0.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.0 1.1 1.8 0.0 1.3 1.1 -0.9 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.2 -1.2 -0.9
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 1.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -1.3 0.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7
Illnesses of mother 1.2 1.5 5.7 0.0 -1.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 -2.4 -2.0 -0.1 1.2 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 1.1 6.2 0.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 -0.4 1.4 -2.5 0.2 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.8 0.9 2.0 0.0 0.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.0 1.4 1.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 0.9 -0.7 0.2 -1.0 0.3 1.3 0.8
Arm fat mass (right) 1.0 4.1 11.2 0.0 -0.3 1.1 -2.6 -0.7 3.3 2.3 1.1 -2.7 -2.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.5 2.1 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.1 0.7
Standing height 0.3 3.1 6.4 0.0 0.7 1.8 2.5 -0.6 -1.6 -1.4 -2.3 2.0 2.5
Length of working week for main job 2.8 3.1 7.6 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 1.9 -2.7 -1.2 -1.9 -0.8 2.6 1.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 -1.3 -1.2
Breastfed as a baby 4.5 5.5 11.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.8 3.1 -1.5 -3.3 -3.2 0.8 2.8 3.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 2.1 3.5 12.2 0.0 1.1 0.2 -1.9 1.1 3.5 2.4 1.3 -2.3 -1.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.0 -1.3 1.1 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.0 2.4 6.8 0.0 2.6 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.9 1.5 -2.3 0.5 1.2
Birth weight of first child 1.0 1.8 3.8 0.0 -0.8 -0.7 1.7 -0.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.0 1.7 1.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.4 0.9 5.8 0.0 -0.3 1.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 1.2 -2.4 -0.1 0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 0.2 -0.7 -1.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.3 1.5 4.8 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 -0.5 2.2 1.6 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4
Loud music exposure frequency 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.5 -1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.9 4.7 8.6 0.0 -2.8 -2.9 2.0 -2.7 -2.2 -2.1 -1.0 2.2 2.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.8 3.0 0.0 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.4 1.5 1.7 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 1.8 3.0 6.2 0.0 2.2 1.9 -1.4 1.8 2.2 2.5 0.4 -1.8 -1.5
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.0 2.4 0.0 1.6 1.3 -0.6 0.0 1.5 0.9 1.2 -0.7 -0.6
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.7 1.2 3.3 0.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.9 -1.0 0.4 -1.8 1.4 1.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.0 -0.4
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.9 2.2 0.0 1.2 1.0 -0.5 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 3.0 4.2 7.4 0.0 -1.4 -2.2 -2.7 -1.6 2.2 0.8 2.3 -2.7 -2.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.0 1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.6 -0.0 -0.0 0.4 -0.0 0.3
Birth weight 0.1 0.2 1.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.8 -0.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.4 2.1 7.0 0.0 1.8 1.0 -0.7 2.6 1.8 1.8 1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.0 3.9 0.0 0.5 1.4 1.0 0.3 -0.9 0.7 -2.0 0.7 0.9
Body fat percentage 1.6 6.4 18.8 0.0 0.3 1.1 -3.3 -0.2 4.3 3.0 1.6 -3.3 -3.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.5 5.3 13.3 0.0 0.5 1.5 -2.9 0.2 3.7 2.9 1.6 -3.0 -2.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.9 2.9 0.0 0.6 1.7 -0.6 0.1 0.8 1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.7 1.0 2.7 0.0 0.6 1.1 -1.4 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.5 -1.6 -1.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.5 8.8 0.0 -2.5 -3.0 0.4 -2.1 -0.6 -1.5 1.5 0.7 0.4
Number of full brothers 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 -0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 3.7 6.2 16.4 0.0 -1.6 -2.1 -3.0 -1.6 2.7 1.3 4.0 -2.9 -3.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.0 1.3 4.2 0.0 -1.1 -1.9 0.6 -0.6 -1.5 -2.1 0.5 0.6 0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.5 5.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -1.8 0.8 1.3 0.4 0.3 -2.4 -1.9
Number of children fathered 2.2 2.5 3.5 0.0 1.1 1.8 -1.9 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 -1.8 -1.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.0 -0.5 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.4 0.1
Age at first live birth 3.4 6.0 14.1 0.0 -1.3 0.0 3.4 -0.7 -3.1 -3.2 -0.4 3.8 3.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 1.3 0.3 -1.5 -0.9 0.4 1.1 1.2
Health satisfaction 3.2 4.1 8.5 0.0 -2.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.6 1.3 -0.4 2.0 -2.1 -2.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.2 1.4 3.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.1 -1.5 -1.4 1.9 0.9 -0.1 -1.6 -1.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 2.7 8.4 18.7 0.0 -1.8 -1.6 3.5 -2.4 -4.1 -4.3 -0.5 3.4 3.6
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.7 0.8 5.1 0.0 0.8 2.3 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.3 1.6 5.9 0.0 -0.4 0.3 2.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 2.4 2.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.4 3.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -1.8 0.3 0.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.7 2.4 7.5 0.0 0.7 0.8 -2.5 0.9 1.2 0.6 0.2 -2.7 -2.5
Medication: Blood pressure 1.5 2.6 5.1 0.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 2.2 0.1 2.2 -1.8 -1.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -1.6 0.1 1.1 0.2 1.8 -1.4 -1.5
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 5.7 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.4 1.0 0.5 2.4 -0.2 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.8 2.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 -1.0 -0.4 1.2 0.6 1.1 -1.5 -1.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.4 0.0 -1.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.3 -0.9 -0.8
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.5 1.7 3.3 0.0 -1.7 -1.8 1.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.7 -1.6 1.4 1.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.0 1.8 6.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 2.5 0.1 2.4 -0.9 -1.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.8 3.6 0.0 -0.9 -1.9 -0.6 -0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.7
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 -1.0 -0.7
Whole body fat mass 1.2 5.1 15.0 0.0 0.3 1.4 -2.9 -0.3 3.9 2.9 1.2 -2.9 -2.8
Leg fat mass (right) 1.4 5.4 14.6 0.0 0.6 1.8 -2.9 -0.2 3.8 3.1 1.1 -3.1 -2.8
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 3.4 0.0 0.6 1.8 -0.7 0.2 0.8 1.2 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.5 4.7 12.0 0.0 1.0 3.5 -2.0 1.0 3.4 2.7 1.4 -2.1 -2.0
Alcohol intake frequency. 3.1 7.2 17.2 0.0 -0.0 -1.1 -3.5 1.2 4.2 2.6 2.1 -3.9 -3.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.6 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 1.3 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.9 1.1 1.3
Number of full sisters 1.7 2.1 6.9 0.0 -2.1 -1.8 -0.9 -1.9 0.6 -1.1 2.6 -0.1 -0.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 3.3 5.1 11.8 0.0 1.1 -0.1 -2.4 1.4 3.4 3.4 2.1 -3.0 -2.4
Overall health rating 3.0 6.5 13.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -3.4 -0.1 3.4 2.2 3.3 -3.6 -3.4
Chest pain or discomfort 2.3 3.3 8.1 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -2.6 1.1 2.2 2.0 0.1 -2.8 -2.7
Had major operations 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2
Age at last live birth 2.1 3.0 6.9 0.0 0.0 1.4 2.6 -0.2 -2.1 -1.7 -0.5 2.6 2.6
Family relationship satisfaction 1.7 2.1 7.7 0.0 -2.5 -2.8 -0.3 -1.7 0.1 -1.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.3
Leg pain on walking 2.0 2.5 6.0 0.0 0.5 0.8 -2.2 -0.3 2.0 0.7 1.9 -2.5 -2.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.7 3.5 0.0 0.7 1.9 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.0 -1.5 0.7 0.3
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 3.6 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 -1.9 -0.9 -1.9 0.0 0.6
Medication: Aspirin 1.2 1.6 3.7 0.0 -1.0 -1.8 1.1 -0.3 -1.7 -1.9 1.1 1.2 1.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 2.8 4.3 11.4 0.0 0.8 0.5 -3.2 1.1 2.0 1.4 1.6 -3.4 -3.2
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.6 4.5 9.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 -3.0 -0.3 2.8 1.5 2.6 -3.0 -2.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.9 1.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 -1.2 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.4 -1.4 -1.3
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.0 1.4 4.3 0.0 1.9 0.3 -0.5 1.8 1.3 2.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.8 1.0 2.2 0.0 1.5 0.9 -1.2 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.0 -1.2 -1.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.6 0.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 0.4 0.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.4 2.2 0.0 0.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.9 2.1 0.0 0.1 1.2 -1.0 -0.5 1.4 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -1.0
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.4 5.4 15.3 0.0 -0.1 0.7 -3.0 -0.6 3.9 2.8 1.6 -3.0 -3.0
Average weekly red wine intake 1.4 2.0 5.3 0.0 -2.1 -1.9 0.6 -2.0 -1.2 -2.3 -0.3 0.9 0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.9 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.8 -0.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.5 0.8 0.9
Mood swings 3.8 6.8 18.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -3.6 -0.3 3.5 3.4 0.6 -4.3 -3.5
Loneliness, isolation 3.2 4.4 9.3 0.0 -1.6 -2.7 -2.4 -0.4 2.1 0.1 3.0 -3.1 -2.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.2 3.4 8.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -2.6 -0.8 2.4 0.5 2.9 -2.2 -2.6
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.0 1.2 2.3 0.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.4 1.4 -0.3 0.7 -1.2 -1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.2 3.5 0.0 0.3 -0.4 -1.8 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.6 -1.4 -1.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.3 1.4 3.7 0.0 -1.9 -0.9 1.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 0.7 1.5 1.5
Friendships satisfaction 2.0 2.5 9.4 0.0 -3.1 -3.0 -0.2 -1.6 -0.2 -1.6 1.1 -0.1 -0.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.5 3.9 7.2 0.0 -1.8 -1.2 2.5 -1.4 -2.5 -2.7 -0.6 2.5 2.5
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.8 0.9 4.5 0.0 -0.9 -2.1 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 -1.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.2 1.4 4.0 0.0 1.8 0.3 -0.6 1.9 0.0 1.1 -2.0 -1.0 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.0 0.8 0.6 -0.5 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.3 -0.5 -0.6
Medication for cholesterol 2.1 3.2 7.3 0.0 1.7 1.7 2.7 0.1 -1.7 -0.5 -2.0 2.1 2.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.3 1.5 5.7 0.0 -1.1 -1.5 0.2 -2.3 0.1 -0.7 2.4 0.3 0.2
Back pain experienced in last month 1.3 1.9 5.8 0.0 0.4 0.7 -1.4 0.6 2.4 1.3 1.6 -1.9 -1.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.6 0.8 4.6 0.0 1.0 2.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.7 -1.0 0.2 -0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.0 0.6 -0.0 0.3 1.0 -0.0 1.2 -1.2 0.5 0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 0.7 1.3 4.8 0.0 -0.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3 2.2 0.4 1.2 -1.8 -1.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 2.3 2.8 5.9 0.0 -0.6 -2.4 -2.0 -0.6 -0.7 -2.0 2.2 -2.0 -2.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.0 -1.4 -1.0 0.6 -0.1 1.1 -1.8 -1.4
Medication: Aspirin 1.2 1.6 4.8 0.0 -1.1 -1.8 0.7 -0.2 -1.7 -2.2 1.2 1.0 0.8
Medication: Gliclazide 1.1 1.2 5.3 0.0 1.5 1.5 0.5 0.4 -1.1 -0.2 -2.3 0.6 0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 2.1 2.5 7.4 0.0 -2.3 -1.5 0.4 -2.1 -2.2 -2.7 -0.5 0.7 0.4
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.0 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.4 2.2 0.0 0.1 1.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 1.9 0.0 0.1 1.2 -1.0 -0.5 1.3 1.4 0.1 -1.2 -1.0
Arm fat mass (left) 1.0 4.2 11.0 0.0 -0.3 0.9 -2.7 -0.7 3.3 2.5 1.1 -2.9 -2.7
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 2.7 4.7 10.3 0.0 -1.2 -2.0 -2.6 -1.7 2.1 -0.2 3.2 -3.1 -2.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.0 0.3 -0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 1.5 1.1
Miserableness 2.7 4.7 11.4 0.0 -1.6 -2.0 -2.3 -1.4 3.4 2.2 1.1 -3.3 -2.2
Guilty feelings 0.7 1.0 6.1 0.0 -0.9 -2.5 0.6 -1.6 -0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.8 1.6 0.9 0.8 -0.4 -0.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 2.4 2.6 6.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 1.9 -0.5 -2.3 -2.5 1.3 1.9 2.0
Hearing aid user 0.6 0.6 2.4 0.0 -1.3 -1.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.9
Mother’s age at death 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.3 1.0 0.6
Financial situation satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.1 0.0 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 1.4 -1.1 -1.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 1.9 3.5 9.4 0.0 -0.4 -1.1 -3.1 0.5 1.9 1.1 1.7 -2.8 -3.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.7 0.9 2.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.4 1.4 1.5 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.8 1.0 2.9 0.0 -0.8 -1.7 0.8 0.1 -1.6 -1.4 0.3 0.5 0.8
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.7 3.8 0.0 -1.0 -1.7 -1.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 1.9 -1.5 -1.8
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.0 1.5 2.8 0.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.5 -1.0 1.3 0.2 1.3 -1.7 -1.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.5 2.3 4.9 0.0 1.6 1.1 -1.6 1.0 2.1 2.2 0.2 -1.9 -1.7
Medication: Lisinopril 1.8 2.4 3.9 0.0 -1.9 -1.9 -1.6 -1.2 2.0 0.3 1.7 -1.9 -1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.6 -0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 2.6 3.2 8.2 0.0 1.5 1.6 -1.4 2.1 2.9 2.7 -0.4 -1.9 -1.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.1 2.5 6.5 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -1.9 0.2 2.5 1.6 2.2 -1.7 -2.0
Ever smoked 0.3 0.6 2.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -1.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.8 2.9 0.0 0.3 1.7 -0.6 -0.3 1.1 1.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.6 5.9 13.2 0.0 0.6 1.3 -3.2 0.5 3.6 3.1 1.6 -3.3 -3.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.5 0.0 0.5 1.9 -0.6 0.0 0.7 1.4 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.6 1.0 3.6 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.6 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -1.9 -1.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.0 1.3 0.8 1.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.8 1.0
Irritability 2.9 4.8 14.1 0.0 0.9 1.0 -2.4 0.4 3.8 3.3 0.7 -3.1 -2.4
Risk taking 1.6 2.3 9.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 1.0 -1.5 -2.6 -3.1 -0.0 1.0 1.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.0 1.2 -0.6 0.3 0.9 -1.5 -0.4 -1.5 0.5 0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4 1.1 0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.9 0.0 -0.7 1.0 -0.4 0.4 1.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.0 1.2 4.8 0.0 -1.5 -1.6 0.3 -2.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.9 1.1 2.6 0.0 1.1 0.2 -1.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.3 -1.6 -1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 3.9 4.8 7.2 0.0 -2.1 -2.2 2.7 -2.3 -2.1 -2.6 1.0 2.5 2.7
Myopia 0.6 0.9 2.3 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.5 -1.1 -1.5 1.1 1.4 0.9
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.7 4.7 11.0 0.0 0.6 1.0 3.0 -0.2 -2.7 -1.3 -3.3 3.0 2.9
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 1.5 0.0 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.6 0.8 2.0 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 -1.4 -1.1
Pain experienced in last month 1.9 3.3 7.7 0.0 -1.3 -1.6 2.3 -0.1 -2.8 -2.3 -0.5 2.4 2.2
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 2.4 0.0 -0.4 -1.5 0.1 -0.1 -1.4 -1.2 1.0 -0.4 0.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 1.3 0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 2.8 0.0 -1.7 -1.4 -0.9 -1.2 0.7 -0.5 1.5 -0.6 -1.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 2.0 2.4 4.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.6 -2.2 -0.0 1.8 1.4 1.5 -2.1 -2.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.2 2.6 5.9 0.0 0.9 0.3 -2.3 0.8 2.4 1.3 0.7 -2.2 -2.4
Pack years of smoking 0.6 0.8 3.6 0.0 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.8
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.6 1.9 0.0 0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.0 1.4 1.1
Leg fat mass (left) 1.4 5.5 13.9 0.0 0.6 1.6 -3.0 0.0 3.7 3.1 1.1 -3.1 -2.9
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.6 2.2 0.0 0.1 1.5 -0.6 -0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5