Hub : Genes

RAB33B

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1580 0.0380 6.0e-10 0.214 NA 0.197 NA 0.202 5.5e-16 NA 9.8e-15 NA 4.5e-15
2 GTEx Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction 0.2190 0.0870 1.9e-03 0.005 NA 0.015 NA 0.020 2.0e-01 NA 8.8e-02 NA 6.0e-02
3 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.2710 0.0600 5.3e-14 0.257 NA 0.275 NA 0.273 8.5e-16 NA 6.1e-17 NA 8.5e-17
4 YFS Blood 0.0320 0.0090 2.3e-11 0.045 0.031 0.042 0.034 0.042 1.9e-14 2.1e-10 9.4e-14 2.3e-11 1.3e-13
5 TCGA Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma 0.0330 0.0220 7.8e-03 0.010 0.010 0.006 NA 0.001 4.1e-02 4.2e-02 9.6e-02 NA 2.3e-01
6 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0155 0.0087 1.3e-04 0.019 0.019 0.019 NA 0.019 7.6e-05 5.6e-05 5.7e-05 NA 6.0e-05
7 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0710 0.0330 1.2e-05 0.115 0.084 0.101 NA 0.107 3.6e-07 1.5e-05 1.9e-06 NA 9.9e-07
8 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0275 0.0169 1.2e-03 0.024 0.023 0.016 NA 0.027 9.8e-04 1.1e-03 5.1e-03 NA 4.2e-04
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0450 0.0280 3.7e-03 0.038 0.043 0.004 NA 0.030 3.1e-03 1.7e-03 1.8e-01 NA 7.8e-03
10 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0250 0.0131 1.3e-04 0.028 0.026 0.011 NA 0.028 2.7e-04 4.3e-04 1.5e-02 NA 2.6e-04
11 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0272 0.0155 3.4e-04 0.028 0.021 0.018 NA 0.022 3.2e-04 1.9e-03 3.7e-03 NA 1.4e-03
12 TCGA Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma 0.0760 0.0360 3.0e-05 0.069 0.071 0.049 NA 0.059 2.0e-05 1.4e-05 2.9e-04 NA 7.7e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 2.7 5.6 8.5 2.7 -2.6 -2.1 2.5 1.9 2.1 2.7 1.7 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.9
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 0.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.1 1.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.9 2.1 4.4 1.5 -1.3 -1.3 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.3 2.6 3.5 1.7 -1.5 -1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.2 -1.3 -1.0 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 3.2 3.5 4.7 1.9 -1.3 -2.1 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.9 5.7 7.3 2.6 -2.2 -2.4 2.5 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.0 2.5 0.9 -1.1 -0.9 1.3 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.4 0.8 1.9 -0.7 0.9 0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.5
Major Depression (MDD) 1.2 1.5 3.7 -1.3 1.9 1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -0.5
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.6 1.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 0.9 3.3 1.0 -1.8 -0.9 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.7 1.3
Breast Cancer 1.2 2.9 5.0 1.8 -1.8 -1.6 2.0 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2 1.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.9 1.2 2.3 1.0 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.4
Prostate Cancer 0.6 0.8 1.2 -0.8 1.1 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7
Age at First Birth 1.6 2.3 3.3 -1.4 1.5 1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.8 0.7 1.8 -0.8 1.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 3.3 4.5 6.6 2.5 -1.9 -1.8 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.2 2.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.4 2.9 3.9 1.8 -2.0 -1.6 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.7 -1.0 -0.7 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 1.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.0
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 1.6 -1.1 0.9 1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.2
Lupus 0.9 1.3 1.9 1.2 -0.7 -1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.2 1.6 0.0 1.3 -0.5 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.9 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.5 3.4 5.2 1.9 -1.6 -1.9 1.9 2.3 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2
Triglycerides 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.0 2.3 3.5 1.9 -1.9 -1.6 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.8 0.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.0 3.0 -1.5 1.3 1.4 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.0
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2
Blood Red Count 0.3 2.9 6.5 1.6 -1.4 -1.9 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.5 2.5
Blood White Count 0.4 3.3 5.2 -1.9 1.5 2.0 -1.7 -1.1 -1.6 -1.8 -2.3 -1.5 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1
Heel T-Score 1.0 8.3 11.8 -2.9 3.4 3.0 -2.9 -3.0 -2.9 -2.8 -2.3 -2.3 -2.8 -2.5 -3.4
BMI 0.6 3.3 6.9 1.8 -1.6 -2.0 2.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 0.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.1
Height 0.6 11.4 16.2 3.5 -3.2 -4.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.7 2.7 3.4 2.8 4.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.2 5.3 8.2 -2.6 1.8 2.4 -2.2 -2.3 -2.4 -2.6 -1.5 -2.0 -2.3 -2.3 -2.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.3 1.5 4.9 1.3 -0.9 -1.5 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 2.2
Smoking Status 2.2 5.3 7.5 -2.1 2.3 2.2 -1.8 -2.6 -2.4 -2.2 -2.7 -2.5 -2.4 -2.0 -2.2
Allergy or Eczema 2.2 5.8 7.8 2.2 -2.5 -2.2 2.6 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.0
Cardiovascular Disease 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.7 0.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7
Respiratory disease 0.9 2.0 3.0 -1.6 1.7 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 10.9 55.2 64.3 7.4 -7.4 -7.5 7.8 6.5 7.6 7.4 8.0 7.3 7.8 7.5 6.8
Lung FVC 0.1 0.3 1.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1
Neuroticism 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8
Chronotype (morning person) 0.5 1.2 3.5 0.7 -0.4 -1.2 0.2 1.7 1.5 0.7 1.9 1.1 1.0 0.4 1.0
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.2 4.6 1.4 -1.2 -1.5 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.0
Tanning 0.0 0.4 1.8 -0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.7 1.5 0.7 -0.8 -1.2 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 -0.0
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 -1.1 -0.6 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.0
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.7
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 3.9 6.0 8.8 -2.4 3.0 2.3 -2.3 -2.2 -2.5 -2.5 -2.4 -2.4 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3
Relative age of first facial hair 1.3 2.8 3.9 -1.9 1.4 1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9 -1.0 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 -1.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.5 1.9 3.7 1.2 -0.9 -1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.4 0.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.4 1.8 2.7 1.4 -0.6 -1.4 0.9 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.2 0.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.6 1.8 3.5 1.5 -1.4 -1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.5 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 2.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.7
Angina 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.2
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 3.2 3.6 4.8 2.0 -1.8 -1.9 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.7 0.9 1.7 -0.8 0.9 1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6
Supplements: Zinc 0.8 0.8 2.0 -1.0 0.9 1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4
Medication: Co-codamol 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
Medication: Metformin 0.5 0.7 1.4 -0.8 1.1 0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2
Diabetes (father) 2.0 2.5 4.1 1.6 -1.2 -1.8 1.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.8
Diabetes (mother) 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.2 1.7 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 0.5 2.3 4.2 1.4 -1.1 -1.5 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.6
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 1.5 1.1 -1.2 -1.2 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.1
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.2 8.1 2.3 -2.0 -2.2 2.8 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.2
Current tobacco smoking 3.1 5.0 7.4 -2.3 2.7 2.0 -2.0 -2.1 -2.4 -2.2 -2.2 -2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.9 1.2 2.1 -1.4 1.4 0.9 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 1.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.4 1.2 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.9 1.4 3.3 -1.2 1.8 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.7 1.9 4.3 1.7 -1.3 -1.4 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 2.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.7 1.6 -0.8 0.3 1.2 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 2.0 2.2 5.2 -1.2 0.5 1.3 -1.3 -1.9 -1.7 -1.2 -2.3 -1.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 1.0 -1.0 0.7 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3
High blood pressure 0.1 0.3 1.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 1.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.0 2.1 2.7 1.4 -1.4 -1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.0 2.2 1.0 -1.1 -0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.9 -0.5 -1.0 0.1 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5
Sitting height 0.1 0.8 1.8 0.8 -0.8 -1.3 0.5 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.3 2.7 3.3 -1.7 1.7 1.6 -1.4 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.8
High blood pressure (mother) 0.8 1.1 2.1 -1.1 0.7 1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.4 1.9 4.1 1.4 -1.1 -1.5 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.8 2.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 1.5 1.1 -1.2 -1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.1
Trunk fat mass 1.1 4.9 7.7 2.2 -1.9 -2.3 2.8 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4
Waist circumference 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.9 1.5 2.6 -1.5 1.6 1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3
Past tobacco smoking 3.9 7.1 10.5 2.5 -2.5 -2.4 2.3 3.2 2.7 2.5 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.3 2.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.4 2.2 5.6 1.2 -1.4 -1.8 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2 2.4 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.4
Nervous feelings 0.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.8
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.4 2.2 5.0 1.4 -2.2 -1.1 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 4.5 7.2 10.3 -2.8 3.2 2.5 -2.5 -2.2 -2.9 -2.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.8 -2.7 -3.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.1 1.4 3.5 1.0 -0.7 -1.1 0.7 1.9 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.1
Had menopause 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4
Had other major operations 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.0 0.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.7 1.4 0.9 -1.2 -0.9 0.8 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.0 -1.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.8 1.3 -1.0 0.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.7 0.8 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2
Heart attack 0.6 0.7 1.3 -1.0 0.9 0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8
Allergy 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3
Pain all over the body in last month 2.4 2.6 4.1 1.7 -1.4 -1.6 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 2.0
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.4
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.8 0.7 1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.5 2.3 0.7 -1.5 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.5 1.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3
Neuroticism score 0.4 0.9 1.9 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 1.2 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.4
Weight 0.5 2.6 4.4 1.7 -1.4 -1.8 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8
Impedance of arm (right) 0.8 3.7 5.5 1.8 -2.1 -1.7 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.4 1.9 2.1 2.2 1.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.2 4.6 7.9 2.2 -2.0 -2.2 2.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.3
Hip circumference 1.0 4.4 5.8 2.2 -2.0 -2.3 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.4
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.6 0.0 -0.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 5.4 8.1 10.6 2.7 -2.7 -2.8 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.0 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.2
Father’s age at death 0.7 1.0 2.2 -1.0 0.3 1.0 -1.4 -1.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.5 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.0
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.0 -1.1 -0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.7
Number of live births 1.5 2.1 3.0 -1.5 1.0 1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 2.6 8.9 12.2 3.1 -3.5 -3.0 3.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.0
Pulse rate 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5
Happiness 1.0 1.2 3.3 -0.8 0.5 0.9 -0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -0.8 -1.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1
Noisy workplace 0.6 0.7 1.2 -0.8 0.6 0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 0.9 3.2 -0.9 0.5 0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -1.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 2.9 3.3 5.5 -1.9 1.6 1.8 -1.5 -2.3 -1.8 -1.8 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 2.3 -1.0 0.6 1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1
Asthma 1.3 2.5 3.4 -1.6 1.8 1.6 -1.3 -1.1 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.9 -1.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.6 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.3 1.9 -1.3 0.8 1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.9
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6
Prospective memory result 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.1
Lung cancer (father) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.7
Illnesses of mother 1.1 1.4 2.9 -1.1 1.7 1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.5 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.6 8.3 11.6 3.1 -3.4 -2.7 2.9 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.8 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.0
Impedance of arm (left) 0.4 1.6 2.8 1.1 -1.5 -0.9 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.0
Arm fat mass (right) 1.0 4.1 6.9 2.1 -1.8 -2.2 2.6 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.1
Trunk predicted mass 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.3
Standing height 0.1 0.6 1.4 0.7 -0.7 -1.1 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.1 1.2
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.9 1.0 2.4 -1.0 1.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.9
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.2 1.9 2.3 1.5 -1.5 -1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.8 1.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.9 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.1 2.6 3.3 1.6 -1.8 -1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.1
Birth weight of first child 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 4.6 10.6 15.7 3.5 -4.0 -3.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.5 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.4 2.9
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.7 1.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.5 0.6 0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.5 3.6 1.4 -0.9 -0.9 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.9
Headache pain in last month 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.7 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.0
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.8 1.4 0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 -0.5
Birth weight 0.9 2.0 3.6 -1.4 1.4 1.5 -1.1 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.0 -1.9 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.4 2.0 3.4 -1.3 1.5 1.1 -1.8 -1.5 -1.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.3 8.7 2.3 -1.9 -2.3 3.0 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.6 5.7 9.9 2.4 -2.0 -2.5 3.1 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.5 0.7 0.3 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1
Comparative body size at age 10 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.1 2.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.0 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.6 1.0 1.4 -1.0 1.2 0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.7 -1.5 -0.7 1.1 0.0 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 4.4 7.9 9.9 -3.0 3.2 2.8 -2.9 -2.6 -2.7 -3.0 -2.2 -2.7 -2.9 -3.0 -2.7
Number of children fathered 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.3 1.5 3.1 -1.1 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3
Age at first live birth 2.2 3.9 4.6 -2.0 2.1 1.7 -2.1 -2.0 -2.1 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 -2.1
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.9 1.1 1.6 -1.1 0.7 1.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1
Health satisfaction 1.3 1.7 2.4 -1.2 1.3 1.6 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 -1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.8 2.1 3.0 -1.6 1.7 1.7 -1.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 4.1 4.6 5.9 -2.2 2.2 1.8 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 -2.3 -1.7 -2.0 -2.1 -1.8 -2.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.6 2.7 4.1 1.7 -1.4 -1.8 1.2 1.3 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.2 3.2 4.6 -1.7 1.1 2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -1.8 -1.7 -2.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.5 -2.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.2
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -1.1 0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -1.2
Migraine (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 1.7 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.7 -1.5 -0.1 1.4 1.1 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.6 1.1 3.5 -1.2 1.9 0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6
Heart disease (mother) 2.1 2.6 3.7 1.6 -1.8 -1.4 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.2 7.1 2.1 -1.9 -2.1 2.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.3
Leg fat mass (right) 1.5 5.7 9.1 2.5 -2.1 -2.6 3.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.8 4.3 6.2 1.9 -1.8 -1.9 2.2 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.2
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 1.0 2.5 0.9 -0.4 -1.1 0.8 1.6 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.8
Number of full sisters 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 6.0 9.5 10.6 3.2 -3.1 -3.3 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0
Overall health rating 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1
Chest pain or discomfort 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Had major operations 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5
Age at last live birth 2.8 4.1 5.5 -2.2 2.4 2.0 -2.2 -2.0 -2.1 -2.1 -1.2 -2.0 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.1 -0.8 0.9 0.9 -0.5 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7
Leg pain on walking 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.7 2.2 -0.9 0.7 1.0 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 3.9 4.8 5.7 2.2 -1.6 -2.4 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.1 2.1 -1.4 1.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -1.4 -0.4 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 4.7 5.5 6.3 -2.4 2.4 2.3 -2.4 -2.5 -2.2 -2.5 -2.0 -2.5 -2.4 -2.5 -2.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6
Smoking status: Previous 2.2 3.3 5.9 -1.6 1.4 1.7 -1.4 -2.3 -1.8 -1.6 -2.4 -2.2 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.0 0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.1 4.3 7.4 2.1 -1.9 -2.0 2.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1
Mood swings 1.6 3.0 5.0 2.0 -2.2 -1.6 1.8 1.5 1.4 2.0 0.8 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.2
Loneliness, isolation 3.8 5.2 8.5 2.4 -2.1 -2.3 2.9 2.2 2.2 2.5 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.5 0.7 1.4 -0.9 0.6 1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.5 2.7 3.7 -1.4 1.9 1.6 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7
Friendships satisfaction 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.9 1.0 4.0 0.7 -0.8 -1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.5 2.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.2 1.4 2.5 -1.1 1.0 1.3 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.6 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.9 1.4 2.2 1.4 -1.4 -1.0 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.0
Medication for cholesterol 0.7 1.1 2.1 -1.0 0.2 1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -1.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.0 0.5 0.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.0 1.3 1.6 -1.2 1.1 1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.7 1.4 2.0 -1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.4 0.3 -0.9 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.9
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 0.9 1.5 -1.2 1.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9
Medication: Gliclazide 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.3 1.6 3.2 -1.2 1.2 1.5 -1.0 -1.8 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1
Smoking status: Current 3.4 5.4 8.2 -2.4 2.9 2.0 -2.1 -2.3 -2.5 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.4 -2.2 -2.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 3.0 6.3 9.9 2.6 -3.1 -2.4 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.4
Whole body water mass 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.6
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.5
Arm fat mass (left) 0.8 3.4 5.8 1.9 -1.7 -1.9 2.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.7 1.8 -0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2
Miserableness 1.7 2.9 5.3 1.9 -1.9 -1.6 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.7 1.5 2.3
Guilty feelings 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.6
Hearing aid user 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.0 -0.7 -1.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.0
Mother’s age at death 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.0 1.2 3.6 -1.1 0.7 1.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.9
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.0 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.4 1.8 3.5 1.3 -1.0 -1.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.7 3.0 -1.3 0.6 1.5 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 1.4 2.2 4.1 1.7 -1.2 -1.2 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.9 1.1 2.0 -1.2 1.4 0.9 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.1 1.3 2.1 -1.3 1.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3
Ever smoked 4.6 8.1 10.9 -2.7 2.9 2.5 -2.5 -3.3 -2.9 -2.7 -3.2 -3.0 -2.9 -2.5 -2.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.8 -0.7 -1.1 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.9
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.1 4.0 7.7 2.0 -1.5 -2.0 2.8 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.3 0.8 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.9
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7
Irritability 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2
Risk taking 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.5 -1.2 -0.6 0.2 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.9 0.6 0.7 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 0.2 1.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.8 1.0 1.6 -1.0 0.9 0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.3 3.0 4.6 1.8 -1.9 -1.7 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.8 -1.4 -0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9
Myopia 1.6 2.3 4.4 -1.6 1.4 2.1 -1.5 -1.7 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.1 1.6 3.2 -1.2 1.8 1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.3 2.8 0.9 -0.9 -1.2 0.8 1.5 1.4 0.9 1.7 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 2.0 -1.3 1.3 1.1 -1.2 -0.5 -1.2 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.9 3.3 5.1 1.5 -1.5 -2.0 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.3 1.5 1.8 1.7 2.2
Pack years of smoking 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.3 3.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.1
Leg fat mass (left) 1.2 4.8 8.0 2.3 -1.9 -2.4 2.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.6