Hub : Genes

RPS20

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.2580 0.1030 9.5e-04 0.074 NA 0.105 NA 0.090 3.2e-03 NA 5.4e-04 NA 1.2e-03
2 GTEx Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia 0.4060 0.1100 6.4e-04 0.054 NA 0.079 NA 0.126 1.5e-02 NA 3.9e-03 NA 3.1e-04
3 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1170 0.0460 8.2e-04 0.041 NA 0.038 NA 0.048 1.6e-03 NA 2.2e-03 NA 7.2e-04
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.0675 0.0244 3.5e-05 0.086 NA 0.046 NA 0.072 9.1e-09 NA 2.6e-05 NA 1.5e-07
5 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0838 0.0381 4.3e-03 0.041 NA 0.030 NA 0.035 6.3e-04 NA 3.3e-03 NA 1.6e-03
6 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.1820 0.0640 7.4e-04 0.025 NA 0.067 NA 0.049 1.5e-02 NA 1.5e-04 NA 1.1e-03
7 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.0730 0.0360 4.5e-03 0.005 NA 0.019 NA 0.010 1.1e-01 NA 8.8e-03 NA 4.9e-02
8 NTR Blood 0.0272 0.0103 1.7e-04 0.021 0.012 0.013 0.014 0.015 1.3e-07 5.4e-05 3.8e-05 1.5e-05 7.9e-06
9 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2366 0.0524 0.0e+00 0.196 0.155 0.227 0.180 0.230 1.1e-24 1.8e-19 1.1e-28 1.5e-22 3.4e-29
10 YFS Blood 0.1371 0.0272 0.0e+00 0.071 0.078 0.085 0.087 0.092 4.3e-22 3.3e-24 1.5e-26 4.0e-27 1.8e-28
11 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0364 0.0227 3.6e-03 0.018 0.027 0.025 NA 0.025 3.4e-03 4.8e-04 7.8e-04 NA 6.9e-04
12 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.3271 0.1137 2.3e-08 0.067 0.066 0.071 NA 0.058 4.4e-08 5.4e-08 1.7e-08 NA 3.8e-07
13 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0376 0.0262 1.5e-03 0.035 0.027 0.034 NA 0.035 1.4e-04 7.0e-04 1.7e-04 NA 1.3e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.9 3.0 6.2 -1.3 0.2 -2.3 -2.3 -0.9 -2.1 -1.7 -0.5 -1.9 0.3 -1.7 -2.5 -2.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.0 2.5 5.5 -1.4 -1.1 -2.1 -1.6 -1.0 -2.3 -1.6 0.4 -1.7 -0.2 -1.4 -2.1 -2.0
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.4 3.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -1.5 -1.9 0.8 -1.8 -0.2 -1.7 -0.2 -0.5 -1.9 -1.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.3 3.5 7.6 -1.9 -2.3 -2.1 -2.2 -1.0 -1.8 -0.5 0.8 -2.2 0.2 -2.1 -2.3 -2.8
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.6 3.0 -0.1 1.5 0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 2.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -1.7 0.1 -1.6 -0.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.4 0.9 2.4 -0.8 -1.6 -1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.7 -0.7 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.4 0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 1.6 -0.7 -0.1 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 4.3 5.1 9.3 1.7 0.8 1.7 1.1 2.3 2.6 2.0 -2.4 2.6 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.5 0.6 3.4 -0.1 1.8 -0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.4 1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.3 4.8 9.3 1.6 1.6 1.5 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.4 -1.4 2.8 1.6 2.9 3.0 3.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.3 -0.3 0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.2 1.0 0.5 1.2 0.6 1.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.7 2.9 0.7 -0.0 0.7 1.7 0.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 -0.0 1.2 0.6 1.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.6 0.0 0.9 -0.1 0.5 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.5
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 -1.4 0.1 0.5 0.6 -1.2 0.3
Reaction Time 0.4 0.8 1.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.7 1.8 7.2 1.1 2.7 2.0 -0.1 0.0 1.7 2.1 -0.6 0.1 0.8 1.0 -0.2 1.0
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 1.3 -0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.0 0.7 -0.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.3 1.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0
Prostate Cancer 1.1 1.6 3.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.9 -1.8 0.5 -1.7 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6 1.4 -0.3 -1.1 -1.7
Age at First Birth 1.4 2.0 6.0 -0.9 -1.3 -1.4 -2.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2 -2.5 -1.5 2.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 1.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.7 1.0 2.5 -0.9 -1.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.8 -0.1 1.1 -0.1 0.1 1.0 -0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.1 1.4 1.0 -0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.8
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.1 0.6 -0.9 0.7
Fasting Glucose 0.6 0.7 2.7 1.1 -0.7 1.2 0.6 -0.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 0.1
HbA1C 3.1 3.5 11.6 -1.5 -1.4 -0.5 -3.4 -0.7 -0.0 -1.0 -2.3 -2.1 2.2 -0.5 -2.2 -2.7
HDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 2.4 1.0 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.1
Lupus 3.9 6.0 10.7 -2.9 -1.9 -2.5 -3.1 -1.8 -2.3 -0.4 0.9 -3.1 -0.7 -3.0 -3.1 -3.3
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.0 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.9 0.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.7 2.3 4.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3 1.4 -1.8 -1.6 -2.2 -1.4 -1.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.7 1.6 3.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 0.8 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0
Triglycerides 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.8 1.6 1.3 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.8 1.0 -0.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.3 -0.8 -0.0 -1.3 -1.4 0.4 -0.8 -1.3 -1.2 0.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.5 3.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 0.2 -1.7 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.5 1.1 0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.2 9.4 15.4 -3.7 -3.4 -3.9 -3.5 -2.6 -3.6 -1.6 -0.9 -3.5 0.4 -2.3 -3.9 -3.7
Blood Platelet Count 0.3 3.0 6.2 -1.5 -2.3 -2.5 0.5 1.1 -1.8 1.9 -2.0 1.4 2.2 1.6 1.8 0.1
Blood Red Count 0.3 3.1 7.2 2.1 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.4 2.0 0.3 -2.6 1.6 1.7 2.7 2.6 1.9
Blood White Count 0.3 2.1 8.3 1.5 0.0 2.1 -0.2 0.9 2.9 0.7 -1.6 1.0 1.8 1.6 1.0 0.6
Heel T-Score 2.1 16.6 46.2 5.2 3.7 5.6 1.9 -0.5 6.8 -0.6 -3.9 2.7 2.3 5.2 4.7 4.1
BMI 0.8 4.4 6.4 -2.5 -2.1 -2.4 -1.7 -2.3 -2.2 -2.5 0.5 -2.4 -1.3 -2.2 -1.9 -2.3
Height 6.5 125.9 380.2 -14.6 -10.0 -15.5 -9.4 -4.6 -19.5 1.6 3.8 -10.4 -2.5 -10.4 -14.5 -11.9
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.8 3.7 8.6 2.3 1.1 2.9 1.9 1.5 2.5 1.6 -0.0 2.1 0.3 1.9 2.3 2.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.9 9.7 19.5 4.4 3.4 4.0 3.3 2.1 3.9 1.2 -0.4 3.5 0.5 3.2 3.0 4.0
Smoking Status 0.7 1.7 5.9 -1.5 -2.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -1.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.3 0.8 3.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.9 -1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -1.8 -0.1 1.9 0.7 -0.4 -0.3
Cardiovascular Disease 1.6 5.1 10.9 2.9 3.3 2.7 1.9 1.8 3.0 0.4 -0.9 2.4 0.7 2.4 2.1 2.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 1.2 -0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.1 -0.4
Respiratory disease 1.2 2.6 8.6 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -2.3 -2.1 -0.8 -2.9 -1.1 -2.4 0.1 -0.9 -1.4 -2.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.0 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.9 9.6 25.8 4.0 3.7 5.0 1.3 0.9 5.1 2.1 -2.4 2.3 1.7 3.4 1.8 2.9
Lung FVC 3.7 19.0 54.5 -5.6 -4.0 -7.4 -4.4 -2.0 -6.9 -1.4 -0.3 -4.1 0.5 -3.6 -3.9 -5.1
Neuroticism 0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.4
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.7 3.0 -1.6 -1.7 -1.3 -0.1 -1.5 -1.6 -0.8 1.0 -1.0 -1.7 -1.1 -1.5 -0.8
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.4 1.7 -0.0 -1.3 -0.8 0.6 0.5 -0.7 1.0 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.8 -0.1
Tanning 0.1 1.5 4.8 -2.2 -1.1 -1.7 -0.9 0.1 -1.9 -0.4 0.4 -0.8 0.6 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.4 1.1 3.0 -0.7 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 -0.1 1.6 -0.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.5 -0.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.6 1.0 3.4 -1.3 -0.1 -1.9 -1.2 -0.2 -1.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -1.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.6 0.7 2.6 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 1.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.1 1.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.8
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.5 2.5 6.2 1.6 1.4 1.7 0.9 0.9 2.5 -0.8 -1.7 1.6 1.2 2.2 1.3 1.6
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 3.2 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -1.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -1.4 0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.1 1.7 6.4 -0.6 -1.5 0.3 -1.3 -2.5 0.4 -1.8 -0.3 -1.9 -0.6 -0.6 -1.5 -1.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.7 2.1 -1.5 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -1.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.1 1.4 4.1 -1.5 -1.1 -1.8 -0.5 -0.5 -2.0 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -1.3 -1.6 -1.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 -0.3 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.8 2.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 5.7 2.1 1.5 2.4 2.0 0.4 2.1 -0.1 0.5 1.6 -0.6 1.3 1.9 2.0
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 3.6 3.9 7.0 -2.0 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3 -1.5 -1.7 -2.2 0.3 -2.4 -0.1 -2.1 -1.6 -2.6
Angina 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.9 0.3 0.3 -1.2 -0.4 1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.6 0.8 3.3 0.5 0.2 1.8 0.8 -0.1 1.8 -0.6 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.8 0.9
Supplements: Zinc 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -1.3 -0.3 -1.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -1.2
Medication: Co-codamol 3.1 3.6 9.7 -1.2 -3.1 -0.4 -1.3 -2.0 -1.2 -2.0 0.8 -2.3 -1.6 -2.4 -2.5 -2.1
Medication: Metformin 1.2 1.7 2.9 -1.0 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.0 -1.6 -1.4 -1.7
Diabetes (father) 0.6 0.8 2.7 -0.5 -1.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 1.1 -0.7 -1.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.7
Diabetes (mother) 1.3 1.7 5.2 1.8 1.6 2.3 1.4 0.2 1.9 -0.4 0.1 1.0 -0.6 0.7 0.9 1.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.4 0.6 2.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 0.8 -0.2 -1.7 -0.4 0.1 0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 3.7 17.9 39.9 4.9 4.1 6.3 4.5 1.4 5.8 2.0 -0.3 4.1 -0.3 4.3 5.2 5.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 6.7 35.7 93.4 -7.4 -5.5 -8.6 -5.2 -2.7 -9.7 -1.6 1.5 -5.7 -1.4 -5.9 -7.7 -6.7
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.3 3.8 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.7 -0.3 1.3 2.0 1.9
Hand grip strength (right) 1.1 3.1 6.2 -1.9 -1.6 -1.8 -1.0 -1.1 -2.4 -0.1 1.8 -1.7 -1.5 -2.2 -2.5 -1.9
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 5.4 -1.1 -2.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.4 1.6 3.8 1.5 1.9 1.2 1.9 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.3 1.5 -0.7 0.8 1.1 1.7
Maternal smoking around birth 1.6 2.4 6.3 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -2.0 -0.2 -1.9 0.0 -0.0 -1.3 0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -2.1
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 1.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -1.2 -1.0 1.0 -1.4 -0.3 -1.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 2.4 3.2 6.7 -1.9 -2.2 -2.6 -2.4 -0.5 -2.0 -0.6 -1.0 -1.8 1.5 -1.1 -1.3 -2.5
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 2.3 -0.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -1.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3
Taking other prescription medications 1.6 2.5 7.4 -1.6 -0.3 -2.1 -2.7 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.8 1.5 -1.0 -1.3 -2.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 1.3 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.6
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 2.2 5.0 11.7 2.5 1.8 2.9 1.2 0.5 3.4 0.4 -2.6 1.9 1.6 2.9 2.7 2.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 2.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.6 3.2 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 1.8 -0.1 -1.5 -0.9 0.1 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 2.5 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -1.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 1.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.7
High blood pressure 0.4 1.1 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.4 0.6 1.1 0.4 -0.1 1.3 -0.2 1.2 1.2 1.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.5 1.0 4.3 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 0.6 0.1 -0.8 -1.9 -0.0 2.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.4 -0.5 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.8 1.1 4.3 1.2 0.7 0.6 -0.5 1.5 1.0 0.4 -1.1 0.8 2.1 1.3 0.3 0.4
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.5 2.0 7.8 -1.7 -0.5 -2.1 -0.5 -1.2 -2.8 0.0 0.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 -0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.9 -0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.0 1.0 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 -1.6 0.1 1.2 1.0 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.6 1.0 3.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -1.8 -0.0 -0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -1.4 0.7 -1.6 -0.6 -1.8
Sitting height 4.5 32.0 96.4 -6.8 -4.0 -7.7 -5.0 -2.2 -9.8 1.4 1.9 -5.4 -1.4 -5.2 -8.4 -6.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.1 1.2 0.1 1.1 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.7 1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.9 0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 2.0 2.8 6.7 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.6 0.8 1.7 0.2 1.6 1.5 -1.6 0.7 1.5 1.9
Body mass index (BMI) 0.2 0.9 2.8 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7
Impedance of leg (left) 4.2 20.3 47.5 5.2 4.5 6.9 4.9 1.5 6.3 2.3 0.4 4.4 -0.8 4.2 5.3 5.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 6.9 36.7 95.8 -7.4 -5.6 -8.7 -5.3 -2.7 -9.8 -1.7 1.5 -5.8 -1.4 -6.0 -7.7 -6.8
Trunk fat mass 0.5 2.0 7.1 -2.3 -1.8 -2.0 -0.3 -0.4 -2.7 -0.3 1.0 -0.6 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7
Waist circumference 0.5 1.7 5.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.7 -0.5 -0.7 -2.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 2.0 3.3 11.4 -2.4 -1.7 -3.2 -1.6 -0.1 -3.4 -1.3 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.2 -1.4 -1.8
Past tobacco smoking 1.0 1.9 6.6 1.4 2.6 1.7 0.9 0.7 1.8 0.5 -0.4 1.2 0.3 1.4 1.2 1.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 0.9 2.3 0.2 0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 -1.5
Nervous feelings 1.0 1.9 4.1 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5 -1.8 -2.0 -1.0 -2.0 -1.5 -1.7 0.2 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.2 4.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -1.5 -1.4 -0.0 -1.5 -2.2 -1.1 1.3 0.7 -0.1 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.7 2.7 11.5 -1.1 -2.2 0.1 -1.2 -2.5 0.5 -3.4 -0.6 -1.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.9 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 4.6 5.9 14.7 2.1 1.4 3.8 2.6 1.3 3.8 0.7 -0.4 2.7 -0.0 2.4 3.2 3.0
Had menopause 0.9 1.2 2.7 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 -0.4 -1.2 -1.4 -0.4 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.0
Had other major operations 1.9 2.4 4.6 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.5 0.6 -1.3 2.0 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 4.6 17.8 53.9 -5.3 -3.1 -6.4 -3.6 -1.7 -7.3 -0.0 1.2 -3.7 -1.0 -4.1 -5.3 -4.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 3.4 7.9 17.2 3.6 2.6 3.4 1.3 1.1 4.2 0.6 -2.8 2.3 2.2 3.6 3.0 3.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.4 0.4 1.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.8 -0.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 1.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 2.4 -0.1 -1.3 0.2 1.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.6 0.5 1.1 -0.3 0.5 0.4 0.8
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.8 2.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 0.4 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.9 1.3 4.8 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.5 -0.4 1.9 -0.7 -2.2 -1.6 -0.7 -0.6
Heart attack 1.1 1.4 2.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -1.7 -1.0 -1.6 -0.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -1.2
Allergy 0.9 2.0 6.4 0.9 0.4 1.7 2.1 0.4 0.8 1.8 2.5 1.0 -2.0 -0.5 0.9 1.1
Pain all over the body in last month 1.6 1.7 8.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -2.1 -1.2 -2.9 -0.8 -1.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.5 0.8 2.8 -0.2 -1.1 -0.2 -1.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.2 1.7 -0.1 0.0 -1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.8 0.2 0.9 -0.7 -0.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -1.6 0.6 1.9 1.0 0.5 0.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.4 2.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -1.4 -1.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.0 0.4
Medication: Simvastatin 1.0 1.5 4.2 0.8 1.6 1.7 0.8 2.1 1.5 0.4 -0.2 1.5 0.8 0.6 1.3 0.9
Fluid intelligence score 1.2 2.4 5.7 2.0 2.3 2.2 -0.2 0.2 2.4 1.7 -1.6 0.3 1.5 1.6 0.3 1.1
Illnesses of siblings 2.3 3.2 6.6 -2.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 0.4 1.6 -1.9 -1.3 -2.4 -2.1 -2.0
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.0 2.4 -1.1 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.6 -0.2 -1.3 -0.8 -1.3 0.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9
Weight 3.7 18.0 49.3 -5.5 -4.3 -6.0 -3.4 -2.2 -7.0 -1.4 1.3 -4.0 -1.4 -4.1 -5.1 -4.4
Impedance of arm (right) 3.2 15.1 26.3 4.1 4.2 4.8 4.6 2.5 4.6 1.8 0.3 4.5 -0.3 3.8 5.0 5.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.7 2.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.4 1.5 0.4 0.4 -0.7 0.4 1.1 -0.8 0.4 1.5 1.2
Trunk fat-free mass 11.2 64.2 153.8 -9.7 -7.5 -10.6 -7.5 -4.3 -12.4 -2.1 2.0 -8.3 -1.9 -8.2 -10.5 -9.2
Hip circumference 1.6 6.8 21.6 -3.4 -2.5 -3.7 -1.5 -1.2 -4.7 -1.0 1.1 -2.2 -1.4 -2.7 -3.0 -2.5
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.9 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.4 0.6
Father’s age at death 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.5 0.9 -1.0 1.2 1.4 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.5 0.9 4.8 -2.2 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 0.3 -0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.4 0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.6 -1.2 -0.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.3
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.8 -0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.8 1.0 -1.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 1.3 0.0 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.1 3.1 6.4 -1.1 -0.8 -2.2 -1.5 -2.1 -2.3 -1.8 0.5 -2.2 -1.0 -1.7 -2.5 -1.7
Number of live births 2.4 3.4 6.1 -2.5 -1.2 -1.6 -2.4 -1.8 -0.9 -2.0 -1.3 -2.4 0.9 -1.1 -2.3 -2.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.8 6.1 19.6 -3.1 -1.1 -3.6 -2.5 -1.3 -4.4 0.5 -0.1 -2.3 -0.2 -2.0 -3.5 -2.7
Pulse rate 0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -1.3 -0.6 0.4 0.3 -1.0 -1.0 0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0
Happiness 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.3
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.0 2.3 8.1 1.4 2.6 1.2 0.1 1.3 1.5 2.8 -1.4 0.9 1.6 1.3 0.6 0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 4.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8 0.7 -2.1 1.0 1.0 -0.7 -0.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.3
Asthma 1.3 2.5 5.9 -0.7 -0.4 -1.6 -2.4 -1.5 -1.3 -2.2 -1.2 -2.3 0.5 -1.1 -1.3 -2.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.9 0.0 -1.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.4 0.6 3.3 0.1 0.9 0.6 -0.2 1.8 0.9 0.7 -0.1 0.7 1.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.6 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.0 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.5 -0.9 -1.6 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 -1.0 0.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8
Lung cancer (father) 0.7 0.8 2.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -1.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 -1.0 0.1 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3
Illnesses of mother 3.5 4.3 8.6 -2.6 -2.1 -2.5 -2.9 -1.1 -2.2 -1.1 -1.2 -2.3 1.0 -1.4 -2.6 -2.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.5 8.0 25.5 -3.8 -1.6 -4.2 -2.7 -1.1 -5.1 0.7 0.2 -2.5 -0.1 -2.3 -3.6 -3.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.3 3.1 -1.0 -1.7 -0.7 -1.7 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 -1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6
Impedance of arm (left) 4.0 18.6 32.7 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.9 3.3 4.8 2.4 -0.3 5.3 0.7 4.7 5.7 5.7
Arm fat mass (right) 0.6 2.5 7.2 -2.5 -1.8 -2.3 -0.7 -0.6 -2.7 -1.0 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2
Trunk predicted mass 11.4 65.2 156.6 -9.7 -7.5 -10.7 -7.5 -4.4 -12.5 -2.1 2.1 -8.4 -2.0 -8.3 -10.6 -9.3
Standing height 6.1 60.2 180.2 -9.5 -6.0 -10.5 -6.4 -3.7 -13.4 0.1 3.1 -7.5 -2.7 -7.6 -10.7 -8.2
Length of working week for main job 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 1.8 -1.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 0.2 1.2 -1.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8
Breastfed as a baby 1.0 1.2 3.5 1.9 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.5 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.1 2.3 -1.5 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5 0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.8 2.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 0.9 2.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.9 1.4 -0.3 -1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.8
Birth weight of first child 1.1 2.0 4.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.7 -1.8 -1.0 0.2 -1.6 -1.0 -1.3 -2.2 -1.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.3 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -0.0
Pulse wave reflection index 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 3.7 4.4 8.4 -2.2 -2.7 -2.0 -1.8 -2.7 -1.3 -2.9 0.2 -2.5 -1.0 -2.0 -1.8 -2.4
Loud music exposure frequency 4.3 4.7 8.3 -1.8 -1.9 -2.4 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 -1.4 1.1 -2.9 -1.0 -2.4 -2.6 -2.6
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.2 3.4 1.0 1.8 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.9 1.5 -1.8 0.0 1.7 1.1 -0.1 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.5 -1.1 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.9
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.0 1.3 3.0 -1.7 -0.7 -1.4 -0.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.1 0.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 4.0 6.7 13.1 1.3 3.6 1.6 3.4 2.8 1.7 2.0 -0.8 3.6 0.4 2.7 3.3 3.4
Headache pain in last month 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.2 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.8 1.2 0.8 -1.0 0.6 1.0 0.5 -0.2 0.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.7 1.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.5 2.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 -1.1 -1.7 -0.0 1.3 0.7 -0.0 -0.0
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.5 1.3 0.8 1.1 0.4 1.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 -1.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.8 0.0 -1.0
Medication: Amlodipine 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 0.5 -0.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.5 2.0 4.2 1.1 0.6 0.2 -2.0 -1.8 1.5 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 0.9 0.3 -1.2 -1.3
Birth weight 1.3 2.8 12.2 -2.5 0.0 -2.5 -0.6 0.0 -3.5 0.1 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.8 -1.8 -1.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.4 -1.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.6 0.9 1.7 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.5 1.3 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 1.1 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 5.5 20.0 59.4 -5.8 -3.4 -6.9 -4.0 -1.6 -7.7 -0.2 1.0 -4.0 -0.6 -4.1 -5.4 -5.0
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.4 4.7 0.4 0.1 0.9 1.8 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.2 1.7 -0.4 1.2 2.2 1.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.8 2.9 0.2 -0.5 1.0 1.3 -0.1 1.0 -0.6 0.2 0.8 -0.7 0.6 1.7 1.3
Arm fat-free mass (right) 8.3 42.4 99.2 -7.7 -6.1 -8.6 -6.1 -3.6 -10.0 -1.7 1.5 -6.8 -1.5 -6.6 -8.8 -7.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.2 -0.6 1.2 1.0 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.9 0.5 -1.0 -0.2 0.5 0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 1.7 4.6 9.7 -3.1 -3.0 -2.7 -1.1 -2.3 -2.8 -1.0 0.9 -2.2 -1.5 -1.9 -1.6 -1.9
Number of full brothers 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.9 0.5 1.2 0.8 -0.4 1.3 -0.5 -1.5 0.4 -0.1 1.4 0.3 1.0
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.0 1.7 4.0 -1.8 -1.1 -0.6 -1.5 -2.0 -0.1 -2.0 -0.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.5 -1.2 -1.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.1 9.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.7 -3.1 -1.1 -0.9 0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.6
Number of children fathered 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.2 1.4 0.3 -0.0 1.6 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.7 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.0
Age at first live birth 0.7 1.3 4.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.5 1.8 -2.1 0.6 2.1 1.4 0.9 0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.3 1.1 -0.1 1.1 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.0 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9
Health satisfaction 0.7 0.9 2.7 1.6 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.0 1.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.4 1.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.7 6.0 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.7 0.4 2.5 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.8 0.9 2.7 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 1.1 1.6 -0.4 1.6 1.6 1.2 -0.7 -0.4 0.6 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.0 1.2 6.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.1 -0.7 0.2 1.2 -0.7 -2.5 0.0 1.9 1.0 0.4 -0.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 2.1 0.3 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.0 1.4 3.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 -1.2 0.1 -1.3 -2.0 -1.7
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.9 0.5 0.3 -1.3 -0.6 1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9
Migraine (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.5 0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.9 -0.5 0.2 0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.7 0.6 -1.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 1.0 3.5 0.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 0.6 0.8 0.1 1.2 1.0 -1.4 -0.2 0.9 0.9
Medication: Omeprazole 1.9 2.3 8.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 -0.5 1.1 1.9 -1.2 -3.0 0.9 2.7 2.0 0.3 0.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.3 1.5 4.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -1.5 -2.2 -0.7 -1.8 -0.4 -1.8 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.7 3.3 6.2 -2.3 -1.1 -1.8 -2.4 -2.0 -1.7 -1.7 0.2 -2.5 -0.4 -1.9 -1.6 -2.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.4 2.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.4
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.0 1.1 2.6 0.4 0.9 1.2 0.5 -0.2 1.5 -0.8 -1.3 0.9 0.7 1.6 1.5 1.3
Whole body fat mass 0.5 2.0 7.5 -2.3 -1.9 -2.1 -0.3 -0.4 -2.7 -0.3 0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8
Leg fat mass (right) 0.8 3.0 7.5 -2.5 -2.3 -2.3 -0.7 -1.2 -2.7 -1.0 0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 7.9 40.4 96.3 -7.6 -6.1 -8.4 -6.1 -3.6 -9.8 -1.5 1.2 -6.7 -1.3 -6.2 -8.5 -7.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.0 1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.0
Comparative height size at age 10 8.2 45.0 114.5 -8.5 -6.2 -8.8 -5.9 -4.0 -10.7 -0.8 2.0 -6.9 -1.9 -6.4 -9.1 -7.2
Number of full sisters 0.6 0.8 3.4 -1.1 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.6 0.9 3.0 -1.1 -0.2 -1.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8
Overall health rating 0.7 1.6 3.8 -1.4 -1.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 -2.0 0.2 -1.4 -0.5 -1.3 -1.8 -1.6
Chest pain or discomfort 0.6 0.9 3.8 -0.0 0.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 1.9 -1.7 -1.1 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5
Had major operations 0.3 0.3 1.1 -1.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -1.1 -0.6 1.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.7
Family relationship satisfaction 0.7 0.9 2.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.0 1.6 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.6 -0.9
Leg pain on walking 3.0 3.7 8.4 -2.4 -1.4 -1.2 -0.2 -2.0 -1.8 -2.9 1.7 -1.5 -2.7 -2.1 -2.4 -1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.1 1.3 3.5 -0.7 -1.5 -1.0 -1.6 -0.4 -0.3 -1.9 -1.1 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.6 1.8 3.4 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 -0.7 1.8 0.8 1.8 1.5 1.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 2.0 2.6 4.8 -2.1 -1.5 -1.9 -2.1 -1.2 -1.7 -1.0 -0.5 -1.9 0.4 -1.7 -1.4 -2.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.6 2.7 1.6 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.0 1.5 3.1 -1.2 -1.4 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.7 -0.8 0.8 -1.2 -1.0 -1.8 -1.1 -1.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.7 1.9 3.3 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.6 0.8 1.4 0.7 -0.4 1.7 0.1 1.7 1.7 1.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 -0.1 -1.0 -1.8 0.4 2.1 1.4 0.1 0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.5 0.1 1.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.5 1.8 3.6 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.6 -0.8 0.6 0.8 1.7
Smoking status: Previous 1.6 2.4 7.8 -1.8 -2.8 -2.0 -1.2 -0.9 -2.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.4 -0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.7 1.5 6.2 -1.1 -1.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.3 -2.5 0.8 0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.9 -2.2 -1.0
Whole body fat-free mass 9.3 53.2 132.2 -8.8 -6.8 -9.9 -6.6 -3.6 -11.5 -1.9 2.0 -7.3 -1.8 -7.4 -9.5 -8.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 6.7 35.6 91.1 -7.3 -5.4 -8.5 -5.2 -2.6 -9.5 -1.4 1.7 -5.8 -1.5 -6.0 -7.8 -6.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.9 3.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3 1.5 0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.2 1.4 -0.2 0.8 1.8 1.4
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.8 2.8 0.2 0.4 0.1 -1.7 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 2.2 2.7 6.6 -1.7 -1.1 -1.9 -0.2 -0.6 -2.2 -0.4 2.6 -1.1 -2.0 -2.3 -1.6 -1.3
Mood swings 0.9 1.7 4.1 -1.4 -0.5 -0.8 -2.0 -1.7 0.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 0.9 0.3 -1.1 -0.8
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 1.0 4.7 1.2 0.8 2.0 0.1 0.3 2.2 0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.8 1.3 3.4 -1.2 -0.5 -1.7 -0.9 0.5 -1.8 -1.4 0.0 -0.7 0.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.5
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.6 2.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 -1.6 -0.3 1.7 0.5 0.0 -0.4
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.2 1.9 4.5 -1.2 -1.7 -1.4 -2.0 0.1 -1.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.3 1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -2.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.5 2.0 0.2 -0.3 0.1 1.3 0.7 -0.2 1.4 0.7 0.8 -0.8 -0.5 0.8 0.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.8 1.0 4.3 0.9 0.6 2.1 0.9 -0.1 1.4 0.6 1.4 0.3 -1.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.9 1.4 3.2 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.8 -0.2 -1.0 1.1 -0.7 -1.2 1.1 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.8 0.9 3.3 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -1.5 0.2 -1.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.6 1.9 7.8 0.7 1.0 1.4 -0.7 -0.6 1.8 0.1 -2.8 -0.1 2.0 2.0 0.6 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 2.9 4.6 13.1 1.8 1.5 1.9 0.9 1.0 2.2 -0.3 -3.3 2.0 2.8 3.6 1.9 2.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.8 1.3 3.8 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -1.6 -0.1 -0.9 1.0 0.2 -1.3 0.5 -1.6 -1.3 -1.9
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.9 1.1 3.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.4 3.6 0.3 1.9 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.0 0.6 -0.3 1.5 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.2 1.6 7.2 1.5 1.3 2.3 1.1 0.4 2.7 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5
Asthma (self-reported) 1.5 2.9 7.5 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -2.4 -2.0 -1.2 -2.7 -0.8 -2.5 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 -2.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.8 -1.3 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.6 -0.4
Medication: Aspirin 1.6 2.0 3.8 -1.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.8 -1.0 -1.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.7 0.2 -1.6 -1.5 -1.9
Medication: Gliclazide 2.0 2.3 4.1 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.6 -1.0 -1.8 -1.8 0.0 -1.5 -0.4 -1.6 -0.8 -1.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0
Smoking status: Current 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.8 1.7 6.9 -1.3 -0.4 -1.7 -1.7 0.7 -1.2 0.6 -2.0 -0.2 2.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Whole body water mass 9.4 53.4 132.2 -8.8 -6.8 -9.9 -6.6 -3.6 -11.5 -1.9 1.9 -7.4 -1.8 -7.4 -9.6 -8.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 6.6 35.5 91.4 -7.3 -5.4 -8.5 -5.2 -2.6 -9.6 -1.4 1.7 -5.7 -1.5 -6.0 -7.7 -6.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.6 2.5 7.9 -2.4 -1.9 -2.5 -0.7 -0.6 -2.8 -0.9 0.6 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.5 0.9 2.1 -0.8 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 0.2 -0.0 -0.7
Miserableness 0.4 0.7 2.5 0.4 -0.0 0.5 -0.6 -1.5 0.9 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.1
Guilty feelings 2.5 3.8 7.4 -2.3 -1.9 -2.4 -2.7 -2.3 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -2.6 0.3 -1.4 -1.9 -2.4
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.4 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 2.4 2.7 5.0 -1.0 -2.1 -1.3 -1.6 -2.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.6 -2.2 -0.7 -1.9 -2.2 -2.1
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.8 2.6 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 1.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.5
Mother’s age at death 0.6 0.8 3.5 1.9 1.6 0.1 0.8 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.2 0.8 0.8 1.1
Financial situation satisfaction 1.3 1.7 3.8 1.6 1.0 1.5 1.9 0.1 1.3 0.5 1.3 1.1 -1.5 0.5 1.3 1.8
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.7 0.8 2.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.3 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.0 1.2 3.6 -0.5 -0.0 -1.1 0.2 1.1 -1.5 1.7 1.9 0.1 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 3.1 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.8 -1.8 0.3 0.9 1.2 -0.0 0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 1.9 3.5 7.2 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.7 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -1.4 2.0 0.7 2.7 2.1 2.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.7 0.8 2.3 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 0.8 -0.7 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.1 -1.3 0.1 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.7 1.0 2.1 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 1.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 2.3 3.5 11.8 0.8 3.4 0.8 2.1 1.6 0.5 1.2 -1.2 2.4 0.5 2.2 2.3 2.5
Medication: Lisinopril 0.9 1.2 6.1 -0.4 0.7 0.3 1.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.4 2.0 0.1 -2.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.3 -0.9 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 1.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.4 1.7 5.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -1.6 -0.3 -2.3 0.3 -1.7 -1.2 -1.6 -2.1 -1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.8 -1.0 0.4 -0.5 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.5
Ever smoked 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.7
Basal metabolic rate 7.8 43.4 108.2 -8.1 -6.2 -9.0 -5.9 -3.3 -10.4 -1.8 1.8 -6.6 -1.7 -6.7 -8.6 -7.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.9 3.0 0.3 -0.3 1.1 1.4 -0.0 1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.8 0.5 1.7 1.4
Arm fat-free mass (left) 8.0 40.8 96.8 -7.7 -5.9 -8.4 -5.8 -3.4 -9.8 -1.6 1.8 -6.6 -1.8 -6.7 -8.5 -7.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.7 1.1 4.7 1.0 2.2 0.4 1.6 0.3 -1.0 0.9 0.7 0.8 -1.1 0.2 0.2 1.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.4 0.9 0.4 1.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 1.6 0.3 -1.8 -0.8 -0.7 0.4
Irritability 0.4 0.7 3.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 1.7 -0.1 -1.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.2
Risk taking 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.8 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 2.7 3.1 8.8 -2.5 -3.0 -2.4 -1.9 -0.7 -1.8 -0.3 0.4 -1.5 0.2 -1.4 -1.5 -2.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.0 1.3 3.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.2 1.8 -0.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6 -0.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 0.8 0.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 2.0 4.3 2.1 1.2 1.7 1.7 0.8 1.9 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.3 1.1 1.8 1.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.6 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 1.1 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.9 1.2 4.8 1.2 0.5 1.0 0.0 -0.2 1.4 -0.6 -2.2 0.6 1.1 1.8 0.3 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.8 1.4 0.4 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.3
Myopia 1.0 1.4 3.6 -1.5 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 -1.3 1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -1.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.9 1.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.3 -1.0 -0.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.1 1.4 3.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.4 1.6 -0.7 -1.9 1.0 2.0 1.4 0.2 0.7
Pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.6 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -1.0 0.4 0.4 1.2
Supplements: Calcium 1.0 1.1 3.0 -1.7 -1.1 -1.6 -0.9 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.0 0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -1.7 -0.6 -1.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.5 -1.6 -0.8 -1.4 -0.5 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6
Heart disease (siblings) 3.1 3.8 8.2 2.1 1.9 2.6 1.3 2.1 2.9 1.0 -1.0 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.2 1.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.8 -1.4 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.3
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.8 2.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 0.7 -0.6 -1.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.2
Impedance of whole body 5.0 25.6 44.9 5.9 5.1 6.7 5.7 2.6 6.4 2.6 0.0 5.6 -0.2 5.2 6.3 6.6
Leg fat mass (left) 0.7 2.6 7.0 -2.4 -2.2 -2.1 -0.6 -1.1 -2.7 -0.8 0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2
Arm predicted mass (left) 7.7 39.3 93.3 -7.5 -5.8 -8.3 -5.8 -3.6 -9.7 -1.7 1.4 -6.6 -1.6 -6.3 -8.3 -7.2