Hub : Genes

SCD5

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2840 0.0370 0.0e+00 0.400 0.348 0.411 0.399 0.410 4.7e-52 5.6e-44 5.8e-54 6.8e-52 9.8e-54
2 GTEx Brain Putamen basal ganglia 0.3460 0.1160 3.4e-03 0.053 NA 0.051 NA 0.013 2.2e-02 NA 2.4e-02 NA 1.6e-01
3 GTEx Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes 0.3130 0.1050 1.2e-04 0.112 NA 0.110 NA 0.094 1.7e-04 NA 1.9e-04 NA 5.6e-04
4 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1740 0.0420 5.7e-08 0.025 NA 0.116 NA 0.130 5.5e-03 NA 5.0e-09 NA 5.4e-10
5 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1010 0.0380 2.3e-03 0.035 NA 0.053 NA 0.058 2.2e-03 NA 1.9e-04 NA 9.7e-05
6 GTEx Whole Blood 0.1090 0.0400 5.9e-04 0.018 NA 0.013 NA 0.009 8.4e-03 NA 2.0e-02 NA 4.9e-02
7 METSIM Adipose 0.1145 0.0270 2.4e-11 0.051 0.088 0.094 0.076 0.057 3.5e-08 4.5e-13 5.8e-14 2.0e-11 5.5e-09
8 NTR Blood 0.0413 0.0119 4.7e-09 0.035 0.028 0.032 0.035 0.029 2.1e-11 1.7e-09 1.5e-10 2.2e-11 8.0e-10
9 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2186 0.0394 0.0e+00 0.147 0.148 0.146 0.155 0.166 1.7e-18 1.4e-18 2.8e-18 2.0e-19 7.8e-21
10 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.1710 0.0730 8.4e-03 0.102 0.036 0.084 NA 0.101 1.9e-06 3.7e-03 1.6e-05 NA 2.1e-06

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.1 2.6 10.3 0.2 -1.1 -1.5 1.0 3.2 -1.4 -0.9 -2.1 -1.2 -1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 6.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 -2.5 -0.7
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.7 4.0 0.4 2.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 0.4 -0.4 -1.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -1.2 0.6 -0.9 0.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.9 5.7 1.2 -0.2 -2.0 0.6 2.4 -2.0 -2.0 -1.5 -2.4 -1.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.3 2.7 9.9 0.9 -1.1 -2.0 0.8 3.1 -1.9 -0.6 -2.1 -1.3 -0.8
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.4 1.9 5.9 0.4 0.7 -1.9 1.2 2.4 -1.8 -0.9 -1.7 0.6 -0.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.8 3.9 8.1 0.4 0.2 -2.8 1.9 2.5 -2.8 -2.7 -2.3 -0.6 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.6 1.9 3.8 0.6 1.8 1.9 -1.7 0.1 1.9 0.1 1.9 0.1 0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 1.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.9 1.3 0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.8 2.4 -0.6 0.9 1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.5 -0.7 0.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.6 3.4 9.2 -0.2 -1.9 -2.4 2.0 3.0 -2.4 -0.5 -2.2 -0.3 0.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.4 5.6 11.9 -1.3 -2.3 -3.1 3.1 3.4 -2.9 -0.9 -2.8 0.8 0.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 2.0 3.8 8.6 -1.9 -1.4 -2.2 2.9 2.4 -2.1 -0.7 -2.2 1.8 -0.4
Major Depression (MDD) 2.4 2.9 7.3 -0.9 2.3 -1.2 1.6 2.7 -1.0 -2.1 -1.4 1.8 -0.7
Reaction Time 0.7 1.2 3.4 -1.6 0.4 -0.8 1.9 -1.5 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.7 1.6 4.4 -0.4 0.3 1.7 -0.8 -1.9 1.7 -0.6 2.1 0.1 0.9
Breast Cancer 0.9 2.1 5.5 2.0 1.0 -2.1 -0.1 0.9 -2.3 1.1 -1.3 -1.5 0.4
Ovarian Cancer 3.5 4.6 10.0 -0.6 -2.2 3.1 -2.0 -2.0 3.2 1.8 2.7 -0.5 1.6
Prostate Cancer 0.8 1.1 5.2 1.0 -0.0 -1.3 0.3 0.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -2.3
Age at First Birth 1.1 1.6 6.8 1.8 -1.4 0.4 -1.2 -2.6 0.4 0.0 0.5 -1.1 0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.4 1.4 4.9 0.2 0.7 -1.2 0.8 1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -2.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.6 0.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.3
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.6 1.9 1.3 0.5 0.1 -1.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -1.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.7 1.1 3.2 -0.2 0.1 -1.1 1.1 1.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 -1.3
Mean Putamen Volume 1.2 1.4 3.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.8 1.6 1.0 -0.9 -1.8 -1.3 1.6 0.2
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.9 -0.0 -1.0 -0.0 1.1 -0.9 0.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.1
HbA1C 0.4 0.4 1.9 -0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 0.5
HDL Cholesterol 3.1 5.1 10.2 -0.8 -0.7 -3.0 3.2 2.3 -2.9 -2.5 -3.0 1.1 0.3
LDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.1 2.5 1.1 -1.2 0.7 -1.6 -0.5 0.8 -1.0 1.0 -1.5 -0.2
Lupus 1.0 1.5 4.0 0.5 0.6 -2.0 0.9 0.8 -2.0 -1.1 -1.6 -0.5 -0.8
Neuroticism (2016) 1.3 1.9 5.2 -0.1 1.2 -1.8 1.0 1.4 -1.9 -2.3 -1.6 0.1 -0.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.4 1.9 7.0 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 1.5 2.7 -0.6 -1.6 -1.0 1.5 0.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.5 0.7 1.9 -1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.5 1.4 0.3 0.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.6 3.5 13.7 -0.0 -0.3 -2.3 1.6 3.7 -2.1 -0.6 -2.7 -0.8 -1.1
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 1.8 1.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.3 -1.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.2 0.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.4
Ulcerative Colitis 2.2 3.2 7.5 -0.7 -0.6 -2.7 2.5 2.2 -2.6 -1.3 -1.6 0.9 -0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 9.9 76.5 324.0 -15.9 4.8 5.5 8.2 -0.5 5.5 5.1 2.8 18.0 1.8
Blood Platelet Count 0.4 5.2 9.7 -1.8 0.8 -2.3 3.1 2.3 -2.4 -3.0 -2.7 0.9 -2.2
Blood Red Count 0.8 8.1 22.8 3.6 -0.5 1.5 -4.5 -3.1 1.5 1.9 2.0 -4.8 -1.5
Blood White Count 6.8 50.3 213.2 -12.9 2.7 5.0 6.3 -1.5 5.1 3.8 1.6 14.6 2.5
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.4 2.5 1.0 1.6 0.8 -1.3 1.1 0.9 -1.2 1.4 -0.4 -1.5
BMI 0.4 2.2 5.1 -0.9 1.2 2.0 -1.1 -1.3 1.9 2.3 1.7 0.8 -0.3
Height 0.2 4.2 11.0 2.6 1.1 2.0 -3.3 -2.9 2.0 0.4 1.8 -1.8 0.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 0.8 1.4 -1.1 1.0 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.9 4.5 12.2 0.1 -0.8 -3.0 2.0 3.5 -2.9 -2.8 -1.6 -0.8 0.3
Smoking Status 2.1 5.0 12.1 -1.8 1.1 -2.6 3.1 3.5 -2.6 -1.2 -2.4 1.4 1.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.3 0.9 2.0 1.2 -1.4 0.6 -1.0 0.3 0.6 -1.4 0.3 1.1 -0.5
Cardiovascular Disease 2.2 7.4 13.0 0.8 -1.5 -3.6 1.8 3.5 -3.5 -3.3 -3.1 -2.2 -2.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.7 1.6 8.6 -1.4 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.3 0.7 1.5 0.1 1.4 2.9
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 0.5 0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.2 2.3 10.7 3.3 1.2 0.1 -2.4 -1.0 0.2 -0.2 1.1 -1.8 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.3 6.6 16.2 -0.3 0.5 4.0 -2.9 -2.1 4.0 0.9 3.9 1.3 1.4
Lung FVC 0.1 0.6 1.3 0.3 -1.1 -0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.1 1.1 0.6
Neuroticism 1.3 3.1 5.9 -0.1 -0.2 -2.1 1.6 2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.4 -1.8 -0.3
Chronotype (morning person) 1.4 3.2 10.3 3.2 0.9 0.8 -2.9 -2.2 0.8 -0.5 0.7 -1.0 -2.1
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.7 2.4 0.8 0.3 -0.8 0.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.6 0.3 0.7
Tanning 0.2 1.9 6.7 2.3 -1.1 0.3 -2.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.8 -2.6 -1.1
Hand grip strength (left) 0.8 2.0 6.7 -1.9 -0.3 -0.8 2.2 1.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7 2.6 -0.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.8 1.5 6.2 1.0 -1.8 -0.7 0.2 2.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -1.7 0.3
Average weekly spirits intake 2.1 2.6 8.1 -2.4 0.8 1.6 0.3 -0.9 1.6 2.8 2.0 0.8 1.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.7 1.1 2.2 -0.3 0.9 -1.1 1.2 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.6 -1.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.2 3.4 9.4 2.1 -0.3 2.1 -3.1 -0.7 2.3 -0.1 2.9 -1.3 -0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.9 1.9 4.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 2.0 2.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.3 0.4 -0.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.5 1.9 4.2 1.2 1.3 2.0 -2.0 -0.4 2.0 0.5 1.9 -0.2 -0.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.8 1.0 2.8 1.7 1.0 -0.4 -0.7 1.6 -0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -1.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.5
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.3 6.6 0.2 -0.2 -1.4 0.9 2.6 -1.4 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 2.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.7 -0.1 -1.6 -0.1 0.4 0.4
Angina 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.6 1.4 0.6 -0.8 0.7 0.5 -1.4 0.5 0.3 -0.9
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.7 2.1 0.9 -0.0 0.6 -1.3 1.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 -1.5 0.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.1 1.5 10.9 -0.8 3.3 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.3 1.6 0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.7 1.6 0.5 -1.2 -1.1 0.6 0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1.4 0.5 -1.3
Medication: Metformin 2.0 2.8 11.4 3.4 1.5 0.0 -2.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 1.3 -2.4 -0.6
Diabetes (father) 1.1 1.4 4.3 1.1 -0.5 0.4 -1.1 -2.1 0.3 2.1 0.5 -1.0 1.1
Diabetes (mother) 1.5 2.0 5.2 1.9 -1.9 0.9 -2.3 -1.0 0.8 0.3 0.7 -2.0 0.2
Severe depression (siblings) 1.2 1.4 3.5 -1.3 -0.7 -1.0 1.5 1.9 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 0.1 1.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.9 4.1 0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.7 0.5 -1.6 0.6 -2.0
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.0 2.0 0.3 1.1 1.1 -1.1 -0.8 1.1 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -1.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.2 1.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.6
Trunk fat percentage 0.8 3.1 9.5 -0.9 2.1 2.6 -1.5 0.1 2.5 0.6 3.1 0.4 0.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.2 5.3 -1.7 -0.7 -0.2 1.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 2.3 0.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.3 1.5 -0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.5 1.4
Current tobacco smoking 1.6 2.6 5.6 -0.9 1.3 -2.2 2.0 2.0 -2.1 -0.3 -2.4 0.7 -0.6
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.1 1.3 1.1 -0.7 0.9 1.1 -0.6 0.8 -0.3 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 -1.2 0.4 1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.4 -1.2
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 2.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.8 -1.6 1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.9 -1.2
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.7 2.9 -1.7 -0.2 1.2 0.4 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.1 0.8 -0.8
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.7 1.9 1.2 0.4 0.6 -1.1 1.4 0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.6 1.9 -1.4 1.3 0.8 0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.2 0.8 -0.6 0.3
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.4 1.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.7 1.6 5.2 1.5 -0.5 1.5 -2.3 -1.0 1.5 -0.1 1.4 -0.6 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.8 0.9 1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7 1.3 1.3 -0.6 -1.2 -0.4 0.2 0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.1 -1.0 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.6 0.7 4.0 0.2 0.6 0.9 -0.5 -0.4 1.0 2.0 0.4 0.2 0.6
High blood pressure 1.6 4.4 9.1 1.2 -1.1 -3.0 1.2 2.6 -2.9 -2.0 -2.4 -2.1 -1.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.4 0.9 3.0 1.7 -1.5 0.3 -1.3 0.1 0.3 -1.2 0.5 -0.5 0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 3.7 0.2 -1.9 -0.3 0.2 1.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 0.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.9 1.2 3.3 -1.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.6 -1.2 0.4 1.5 1.4
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.4 1.9 4.8 0.2 -1.6 -1.6 1.5 1.5 -1.6 -1.2 -2.2 -0.0 -0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 4.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.6 -0.0 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.0 0.5 -2.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.9 1.6 7.1 -1.4 0.2 -0.8 1.7 0.2 -0.8 0.8 -0.6 1.3 2.7
Sitting height 0.2 1.7 5.1 2.3 0.7 -1.8 -0.2 -0.4 -1.8 -0.6 -1.7 -1.1 0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.9 2.2 6.0 -1.1 0.3 -1.9 2.1 2.5 -1.9 -1.0 -1.4 0.2 0.0
High blood pressure (mother) 2.5 3.4 10.4 -2.7 -0.4 -1.4 3.2 1.5 -1.4 -0.0 -2.0 2.5 -0.8
Body mass index (BMI) 0.3 1.4 3.7 -1.0 1.5 1.7 -0.7 0.6 1.7 0.9 1.9 0.7 -0.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.1 0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.9 0.7 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 1.0 1.2 -1.1 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.1 1.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.8 0.7
Trunk fat mass 0.7 3.0 8.8 -0.6 2.3 2.5 -1.7 -0.1 2.5 0.5 3.0 0.3 -0.1
Waist circumference 0.7 2.7 6.9 -0.3 2.4 2.3 -1.7 -0.2 2.2 0.4 2.6 0.6 -0.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 0.9 3.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 1.0 0.6 -0.5 -1.4 -0.6 1.9 -0.7
Past tobacco smoking 1.0 1.8 5.2 0.6 0.1 1.6 -1.7 -2.3 1.6 2.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3
Nervous feelings 1.0 1.9 3.8 1.3 0.5 -1.9 0.6 0.7 -1.9 -1.7 -2.0 -1.3 0.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.4 3.8 8.3 0.4 0.3 -2.9 1.8 2.8 -2.9 -1.8 -2.5 -0.4 -0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.2 1.9 4.8 1.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 2.2 -0.6 -2.2 -0.7 -0.3 -1.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.5 0.7 3.5 0.1 -1.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 1.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Had menopause 1.0 1.2 5.7 1.3 1.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.4 -2.4
Had other major operations 0.3 0.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.6 1.3 5.3 2.3 -0.4 0.4 -2.1 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.8 -1.2 -0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.1 1.3 5.1 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.0 2.3 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 1.5
Qualifications: None of the above 0.8 1.6 6.5 0.3 2.5 -1.2 1.1 1.3 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.9 -1.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.7 2.3 7.7 -1.6 1.0 1.6 0.2 -1.6 1.7 1.4 1.2 2.8 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.5 0.7 2.2 1.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -1.4 -0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.8 -1.5
Heart attack 1.4 1.8 8.9 1.1 3.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -2.0 -0.5 0.7 -1.6
Allergy 0.4 1.0 3.6 -1.7 1.0 -0.0 1.2 -0.5 -0.0 1.9 -0.1 0.6 0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 1.1 1.2 3.3 1.2 0.7 0.6 -1.2 -1.8 0.6 1.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.3 2.0 5.5 2.4 0.5 0.9 -2.3 -1.0 1.0 0.2 1.6 -1.9 0.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.0 1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7
Medication: Ramipril 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.9 1.0 -1.2 -0.8
Medication: Simvastatin 1.4 2.1 8.2 2.5 1.3 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.9 0.5 -2.9 -0.7
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.3 -1.4 0.2 -0.6 0.4
Illnesses of siblings 1.2 1.6 4.7 -1.1 1.9 1.0 0.4 -2.1 0.8 0.2 0.9 2.2 0.0
Neuroticism score 3.1 6.4 15.1 0.7 -0.5 -3.7 2.1 2.5 -3.7 -2.3 -3.9 -2.3 0.0
Weight 0.3 1.5 4.5 -0.1 2.1 1.5 -1.2 -0.2 1.5 0.6 1.9 0.6 -0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.7 1.6 -0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.6 -1.0 0.9 -1.3 1.1 -0.6 0.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.5 8.2 -0.7 1.9 2.3 -1.4 0.5 2.3 0.0 2.9 0.1 0.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 3.0 0.8 1.7 -0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.3
Hip circumference 0.5 2.0 5.2 -0.9 1.9 2.0 -1.0 -0.4 2.0 0.1 2.3 1.1 -0.3
Time employed in main current job 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.5 -1.0 0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.6 0.9 2.7 0.8 -1.4 1.0 -1.6 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.3
Father’s age at death 0.6 0.8 2.5 -1.0 -1.6 -0.8 1.1 0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.2
Worrier / anxious feelings 2.0 3.8 8.0 -0.2 0.7 -2.8 2.2 2.3 -2.8 -2.1 -2.5 -0.4 1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 3.0 -0.7 1.7 -0.4 1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.7 0.3 0.2
Falls in the last year 0.6 0.8 3.2 -1.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.7 1.2 -0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.9 0.8
Number of live births 1.6 2.3 5.1 0.2 -0.1 -1.9 1.4 2.3 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.3 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.2 2.7 0.1 -0.7 1.6 -1.1 -1.1 1.6 0.1 1.5 0.9 1.0
Pulse rate 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.3 1.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.1
Happiness 1.3 1.5 3.3 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 1.6 1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.6 0.2 1.8
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.3 2.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.1 -1.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.6 1.1 -0.6 -0.2 1.0 -0.5 1.1 0.9 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.8 -1.1 0.2 0.1 -1.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 4.1 -1.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.9 2.0 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1 1.3 1.3
Asthma 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.2 7.3 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 0.7 2.7 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 0.9
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.2 3.3 1.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -1.8 0.0 -1.8 -1.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.6 -0.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.0 0.4
Prospective memory result 1.2 1.4 4.7 1.7 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -2.2 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -1.3 1.7
Lung cancer (father) 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.8
Illnesses of mother 0.7 0.8 2.7 0.2 -0.4 -1.6 1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.0 0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.4 2.9 -0.5 0.2 1.7 -0.8 -1.1 1.6 0.3 1.5 1.1 1.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 0.7 1.6 -0.5 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -1.0 1.0 -1.2 1.2 -0.2 0.6
Arm fat mass (right) 0.5 2.2 6.5 -0.8 2.2 2.0 -1.2 0.2 2.0 0.7 2.6 0.5 0.1
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.6 3.2 0.8 1.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.5 -0.3
Standing height 0.1 1.0 3.8 1.5 1.9 0.0 -1.1 -1.7 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.3
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 2.6 0.4 0.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 0.9 1.6 0.6 0.0 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.6 0.7 3.2 0.3 0.6 -0.7 -0.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 -1.8 0.4
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 1.0 0.3 0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 3.4 5.6 11.8 1.6 -1.6 -2.7 0.5 2.8 -2.8 -3.2 -3.4 -1.9 -1.6
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.8 4.3 12.0 0.7 -1.5 -2.2 1.0 3.0 -2.2 -3.5 -2.6 -1.2 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 0.2
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.1 3.0 -1.5 0.6 -0.8 1.7 0.3 -0.9 -0.1 -1.2 1.2 1.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.0 2.2 5.1 -1.0 -1.5 2.3 -0.9 -0.3 2.2 0.2 2.0 1.3 1.6
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.4 2.4 -0.0 -1.6 -0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -1.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.9 1.1 6.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3 2.6
Loud music exposure frequency 2.2 2.4 5.1 -0.9 -0.6 -2.3 1.8 1.5 -2.2 1.8 -1.4 -1.6 0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 3.1 -0.2 -1.7 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.5 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.6 0.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.6 1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.6 2.1 7.1 1.8 -0.6 1.4 -2.7 -1.1 1.4 -1.1 1.0 -1.4 -1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.7 2.8 11.3 -1.3 0.7 -1.5 2.3 3.4 -1.5 -1.1 -1.4 1.0 1.0
Headache pain in last month 0.7 1.2 8.1 -1.3 -0.6 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.8
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.3 3.8 -1.8 1.0 0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.4 1.7 0.2 1.9 0.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 6.6 2.6 0.9 -0.1 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.2
Gout (self-reported) 1.5 2.1 7.8 0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.6 -1.8 1.5 1.5 2.8 -0.3 0.1
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 6.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.9 0.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.7 0.9 2.5
Medication: Amlodipine 1.9 2.6 6.1 2.5 -0.5 -2.2 -0.2 0.5 -2.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.6 -0.2 1.3 -0.7 0.2 1.3 -0.5 0.8 1.0 1.0
Birth weight 0.3 0.7 2.7 -1.4 -0.1 -0.9 1.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 1.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.3 1.9 5.0 1.1 -2.2 -1.4 0.2 1.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.5 1.8 -0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.9 1.3
Body fat percentage 0.8 3.1 10.0 -0.8 1.9 2.6 -1.6 0.2 2.5 0.6 3.2 0.2 -0.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.1 9.1 -0.2 2.3 2.4 -1.9 0.5 2.4 0.6 3.0 -0.5 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.4 2.4 0.4 1.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 1.0 0.1 0.6 -0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.4 4.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -1.8 -2.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.9 5.2 -0.0 -0.8 -1.8 1.7 0.5 -1.7 0.2 -2.3 1.5 -1.1
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.7 -1.3 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 -1.3 -0.2 -1.1 1.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.0 3.4 6.3 1.3 -1.1 -2.5 0.9 1.9 -2.5 -1.9 -2.3 -1.8 -1.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.6 3.4 11.2 0.8 -0.1 -2.1 1.1 3.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.2 -0.2 -0.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.9 2.5 -1.4 -0.0 -0.4 1.5 1.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 1.6 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.8 -1.3 0.5 0.7 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.4 1.6 3.9 -2.0 1.5 0.1 1.3 1.9 0.0 -1.5 0.2 1.1 1.1
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.8 4.9 -0.4 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.6 0.4 0.7 2.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 0.7
Health satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.0 0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.6 0.7 2.6 -0.7 0.9 -0.5 0.9 0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.9 0.5 1.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.4 1.3 5.8 2.4 -0.6 -0.6 -1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -1.5 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.9 2.2 4.9 -1.8 -0.8 -1.3 2.2 1.3 -1.2 0.4 -2.1 1.7 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 0.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.9 1.5 9.9 -0.4 -0.5 1.1 -0.8 -3.1 1.0 0.4 0.8 0.2 -1.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.5 3.6 12.9 -0.0 1.3 -2.0 1.6 3.6 -2.0 -2.2 -1.3 -0.4 2.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.5 3.2 1.5 -1.8 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.6 -0.8
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.4 1.0 1.0 0.4 -1.1 0.6 0.4 -1.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.9 1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -1.5 -0.5 2.0 -0.1 -1.8 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 4.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 2.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.2
Medication: Allopurinol 1.8 2.4 6.9 0.2 1.1 2.0 -1.6 -1.8 2.0 1.4 2.6 0.1 0.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.0 0.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.8
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.7 0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.6 1.1 2.7 -1.6 1.4 -0.5 1.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.3 -0.9 1.2 -0.4
Heart disease (mother) 1.5 1.9 10.6 -0.5 0.2 1.3 -0.8 -1.3 1.3 1.2 0.7 -0.4 -3.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.4 2.9 11.7 -2.6 -0.5 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.3 -0.4 0.1 3.4 1.1
Whole body fat mass 0.7 2.8 8.3 -0.5 2.2 2.4 -1.6 0.1 2.3 0.7 2.9 0.4 -0.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.7 2.6 7.0 -0.5 2.4 2.2 -1.6 0.3 2.2 0.8 2.6 0.1 -0.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.6 3.2 0.5 1.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 1.0 0.3 0.7 -0.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.1 1.3 -0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.4 1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.3 3.0 11.9 3.4 0.0 0.4 -2.8 -1.5 0.5 -0.2 0.1 -2.7 -0.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 1.1 8.4 0.4 2.9 -0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.3 1.2
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -1.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 2.1 3.2 8.0 0.7 -0.3 -2.8 1.6 1.5 -2.8 -1.5 -2.3 -1.1 1.5
Overall health rating 0.2 0.5 1.2 -0.5 1.1 0.9 -0.0 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.1
Chest pain or discomfort 1.2 1.7 4.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 1.4 2.0 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.2 2.2
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 1.9 -1.1 -1.4 0.2 0.8 -0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.9 0.7
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.6 3.4 -0.5 -1.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.2 1.8
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.6 3.4 -1.0 -0.4 -1.5 1.9 1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 -0.0 1.1
Leg pain on walking 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.3 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.2 -1.1 0.2 0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.6 -1.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6 -0.0 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.9 -0.1 0.5 0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.8 1.0 4.4 0.0 -2.0 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -2.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8
Medication: Aspirin 1.0 1.3 5.4 2.3 -1.0 0.0 -1.5 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -1.9 0.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.0 2.4 6.4 1.2 -2.5 -2.0 0.8 0.2 -2.1 -1.1 -2.4 -0.7 0.0
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 1.1 -1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.7 4.8 9.5 1.4 -1.0 -3.1 1.1 2.9 -3.0 -2.2 -2.5 -1.9 -1.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 1.0 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.2 1.7 4.9 2.2 -1.4 0.3 -2.1 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 -1.9 -0.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.0 1.2 5.6 1.4 0.2 -0.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.2 0.2 -2.4 -0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.5 0.8 2.6 0.4 0.4 -1.1 0.7 1.6 -1.1 -1.4 0.1 -0.2 0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.4 0.7 -1.1 0.3 -0.2 -1.2 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.5
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.4 2.4 0.5 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.6 8.5 -1.0 1.9 2.4 -1.3 0.5 2.3 0.2 2.9 0.3 0.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.1 -1.5 0.0 0.0 -1.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 2.4 2.9 7.2 1.3 -1.5 -2.5 0.5 1.1 -2.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4
Mood swings 1.5 2.7 7.4 0.2 -0.3 -2.3 1.3 1.9 -2.3 -0.9 -1.7 -2.7 -0.2
Loneliness, isolation 1.8 2.5 6.8 1.5 1.3 -1.8 0.1 2.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -0.9 -1.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.7 1.1 3.3 1.8 -0.8 0.5 -1.6 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -1.5 0.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.2 1.3 6.6 0.9 1.3 -1.4 0.5 2.6 -1.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.7 2.8 9.0 3.0 0.9 0.7 -2.7 -0.6 0.8 -0.0 1.8 -2.4 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.1 1.1 4.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.8 1.5 -0.9 -2.2 -1.5 0.3 -0.3
Friendships satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.9 -0.3 1.0
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.4 0.6 1.9 1.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.6 0.7 -0.9 -1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.7 0.8 2.9 0.0 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 -1.7 0.3 0.5 -1.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.4 1.6 3.8 0.8 -0.5 1.9 -2.0 -0.9 1.8 0.4 1.6 -0.9 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.7 1.7 1.0 0.1 0.6 -1.2 -1.3 0.6 0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.8
Medication for cholesterol 0.8 1.2 5.7 -1.3 0.5 -0.1 1.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 2.4 0.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 4.0 4.8 15.8 0.3 1.1 -2.8 1.9 4.0 -2.8 -2.0 -2.6 0.8 -0.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.8 2.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 1.2 -0.5 -1.4 -0.8 -1.2 0.7
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.1 2.8 12.5 0.2 3.5 1.6 -1.6 -1.7 1.7 0.3 1.9 0.7 -0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 4.5 2.1 -0.5 0.6 -1.7 -1.5 0.5 1.4 0.5 -0.3 0.3
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.7 -1.0 -0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 0.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 4.0 -0.4 -1.9 -0.9 1.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -2.0 0.7 0.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.7 1.0 -0.6 -0.7 1.3 -0.7 -1.0 -0.0 -0.9 -0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.1 4.7 2.2 -0.6 -0.0 -1.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.8 -0.1 -1.9 -0.1
Medication: Gliclazide 4.1 4.6 13.0 2.9 0.7 1.9 -3.6 -2.3 1.9 0.1 2.9 -1.7 -0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.8 1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 1.1 0.3
Smoking status: Current 1.8 2.9 6.7 -1.3 1.1 -2.1 2.2 2.1 -2.1 -0.5 -2.6 0.8 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.6 3.5 9.9 -1.3 -0.2 3.1 -1.0 -1.3 3.1 -1.1 1.3 2.1 1.9
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.3 2.1 0.4 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.5 2.1 6.5 -0.6 2.1 2.0 -1.2 0.2 1.9 0.7 2.6 0.4 -0.1
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.5 0.8 2.6 1.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 1.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.3 -1.3 -1.0 0.7 0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 0.1 0.4
Miserableness 0.4 0.7 2.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 1.4 -0.6 -0.0 -1.0 -1.3 1.1
Guilty feelings 2.4 3.6 7.2 1.5 -1.1 -2.1 0.4 1.6 -2.2 -2.7 -2.5 -2.3 -1.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.5 1.7 3.9 1.0 -0.0 1.9 -2.0 -0.4 1.9 -0.6 1.2 -0.7 -1.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 2.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.8 0.1 -1.0 -1.6 -0.9 0.5 -1.6
Hearing aid user 0.9 1.0 2.4 0.1 -1.1 1.5 -1.1 -0.8 1.5 0.2 1.6 0.3 -0.2
Mother’s age at death 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.7 -0.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.1 -1.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.9 1.2 3.9 -2.0 0.2 -0.7 1.8 0.9 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.8 1.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.4 1.6 5.1 2.2 1.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.6 -2.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.1 -1.3 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -1.5 -0.2 -1.3 1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.3 1.6 8.0 2.8 0.8 0.1 -2.1 -0.5 0.2 0.2 0.6 -1.5 0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 2.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 0.5 1.4 -0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.9 1.1 3.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.4 1.4 -0.9 -1.9 -1.5 0.2 1.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.6 2.1 4.6 -0.2 -2.1 -1.6 1.4 2.0 -1.7 -1.1 -2.0 -0.4 -0.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.7 1.2 2.0 1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -0.2 1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6 -1.4 -1.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.2 1.8 4.6 -0.0 -0.3 -1.8 1.1 2.1 -1.7 0.0 -1.3 -0.9 1.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.6 0.9 5.2 -1.2 0.9 0.3 1.0 2.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 1.1 1.4 5.6 1.0 -0.3 -1.4 0.2 2.4 -1.3 -0.5 -1.3 -1.3 0.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.8 1.0 3.4 -1.0 -1.2 1.8 -0.5 0.2 1.8 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 3.5 -1.2 -0.4 -1.0 1.5 1.9 -1.0 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.0 1.2 3.9 2.0 -1.4 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7
Ever smoked 1.2 2.0 5.7 -0.9 0.5 -1.7 2.1 2.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.2 0.9 -0.1
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.5 3.0 0.4 1.7 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.8 2.7 8.6 -0.5 2.2 2.2 -1.5 0.5 2.2 1.0 2.9 -0.2 -0.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 3.1 0.5 1.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.3 0.5 -0.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.6 2.3 6.7 -2.0 1.2 -1.3 2.0 0.0 -1.3 1.0 -1.1 1.1 2.6
Irritability 2.1 3.5 18.7 2.6 -0.3 -1.6 -1.1 0.6 -1.6 -0.8 -1.5 -4.3 -0.0
Risk taking 0.7 1.1 2.4 -0.3 -0.2 -1.5 1.1 0.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.5 -0.6 -1.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.3 1.5 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.8 2.3 8.9 -1.8 -0.6 1.3 0.0 -2.5 1.2 3.0 0.0 0.3 0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.1 -0.7
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.7 2.4 -1.1 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.5 1.0 1.6 -0.0 0.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.4 1.8 8.8 -0.3 0.4 -1.3 1.2 3.0 -1.3 -0.6 -1.3 0.6 1.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.5 1.9 6.2 0.4 2.3 -1.3 1.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.3 -1.5 -0.2 -2.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.5 1.2 0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -1.1 -0.0 0.9 1.4
Myopia 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.8 -1.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.8 5.0 9.1 -1.8 0.6 3.0 -0.7 -2.8 2.9 2.7 2.3 2.4 1.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.9 1.3 3.9 2.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.6 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 -1.9 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.7 0.7 1.1 -0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.2 0.8 0.6 -0.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 2.4 0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.9 -1.1 0.6 -1.6
Supplements: Calcium 0.8 0.9 2.8 0.4 -1.6 -0.8 0.6 0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -1.7 0.8 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 -0.6 -0.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 9.1 0.9 3.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.0 -1.6 -0.2 1.0 -1.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 2.2 2.9 9.5 2.1 -0.9 1.6 -3.1 -1.3 1.6 -1.2 0.9 -1.8 -1.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.7 0.9 2.1 -1.4 -0.8 1.4 0.1 0.5 1.4 -0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.9 2.1 4.7 1.9 -0.1 1.0 -2.0 -2.1 1.0 0.2 0.5 -2.2 1.5
Pack years of smoking 0.6 0.9 4.7 0.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.9 -0.5 0.4 -1.5 0.3 -2.2
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.5 1.5 -0.2 0.1 1.0 -0.6 -0.7 0.9 -0.1 1.2 -0.7 0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.6 2.5 6.8 -0.6 2.3 2.1 -1.4 0.1 2.1 1.3 2.6 0.2 -0.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.8 0.5 1.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.2