Hub : Genes

SMAD9

Models

#	panel	tissue	h2	h2 se	h2 P	eQTL R2	BLUP R2	ENET R2	BSLMM R2	LASSO R2	eQTL P	BLUP P	ENET P	BSLMM P	LASSO P
1	CommonMind	Brain Pre-frontal Cortex	0.2530	0.0480	1.6e-08	0.156	0.123	0.149	0.156	0.157	1.5e-18	8.8e-15	9.4e-18	1.5e-18	1.2e-18
2	GTEx	Brain Cerebellum	0.3140	0.1090	9.1e-03	0.070	NA	0.209	NA	0.195	4.2e-03	NA	8.3e-07	NA	2.0e-06
3	GTEx	Nerve Tibial	0.1587	0.0562	2.5e-03	0.112	NA	0.149	NA	0.135	2.5e-08	NA	1.0e-10	NA	8.1e-10
4	TCGA	Breast Invasive Carcinoma	0.0627	0.0235	3.5e-04	0.021	0.016	0.031	NA	0.018	2.5e-05	2.0e-04	5.1e-07	NA	8.4e-05
5	TCGA	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	0.0815	0.0330	1.9e-03	0.029	0.008	0.049	NA	0.043	2.5e-04	3.7e-02	2.9e-06	NA	1.1e-05
6	TCGA	Prostate Adenocarcinoma	0.1477	0.0433	1.2e-08	0.092	0.082	0.102	NA	0.103	6.8e-10	6.1e-09	7.7e-11	NA	7.0e-11
7	TCGA	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	0.2880	0.0900	2.6e-04	0.081	0.115	0.094	NA	0.064	8.1e-04	7.6e-05	3.3e-04	NA	2.8e-03

Trait associations

Trait	Avg chi2 ratio	Avg chi2	Max chi2	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Bipolar Disorder (2018)	0.9	1.4	2.1	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.4	0.6	-0.9
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.1	0.7	0.5	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018)	0.2	0.4	1.1	0.4	-0.0	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.2	-1.0
Depression (Nagel 2018)	0.3	0.5	2.0	0.2	1.4	0.6	0.7	0.0	-0.7	-0.0
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018)	0.4	1.1	3.9	0.5	-2.0	0.2	-0.0	0.7	1.5	-0.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018)	0.1	0.2	0.7	-0.0	-0.0	0.3	0.5	-0.2	-0.8	-0.1
Schizophrenia (2018)	0.4	0.8	1.9	-1.3	-0.2	-0.2	-1.0	-1.4	-0.8	0.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder	0.7	1.0	2.3	-1.5	-0.5	-0.9	-1.3	-1.2	0.0	-0.3
Worry (Nagel 2018)	0.6	1.2	5.4	-0.2	1.0	0.3	0.0	-0.9	-2.3	1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother)	0.7	0.8	3.1	-0.9	-0.2	-0.0	-1.8	-0.9	0.2	-0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father)	1.0	1.1	2.3	-1.5	-0.3	-0.9	-1.5	-1.3	0.6	0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy)	1.5	2.2	6.1	-2.0	-0.2	-0.7	-2.5	-1.6	1.0	-1.0
Crohns Disease (2017)	0.5	1.2	2.6	-1.1	-1.6	-1.0	-1.1	-1.2	-0.2	0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD)	0.8	1.9	4.5	-1.2	-0.8	-0.6	-1.5	-1.7	-1.0	2.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC)	0.6	1.0	3.6	-0.7	-0.6	-0.2	-0.7	-1.2	-1.0	1.9
Major Depression (MDD)	0.6	0.8	2.4	0.0	1.1	-0.7	-0.4	-0.6	-1.5	0.8
Reaction Time	0.8	1.5	2.9	-1.3	-1.3	-0.1	-1.7	-1.3	-0.9	1.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR)	0.6	1.3	2.7	0.9	-1.4	0.1	0.5	1.3	1.4	-1.6
Breast Cancer	0.2	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.5	1.0	-1.0
Ovarian Cancer	3.6	4.8	12.1	-2.7	-2.0	-1.6	-3.5	-2.2	-0.0	-1.6
Prostate Cancer	0.7	1.0	4.0	-0.2	-1.0	-0.4	0.3	0.6	1.1	-2.0
Age at First Birth	0.4	0.6	2.5	-0.2	1.6	0.4	0.1	0.1	1.2	-0.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011)	0.5	0.5	1.3	-0.9	0.2	-1.1	-0.8	-0.6	-0.2	0.1
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010)	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)	0.9	1.1	1.7	-1.2	1.1	-0.8	-1.0	-1.3	-1.2	-0.1
Crohns Disease (2012)	1.9	3.1	7.5	-2.1	-2.7	-2.2	-1.7	-1.6	0.1	0.0
Mean Putamen Volume	0.8	0.9	1.4	0.6	0.2	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2	-1.1
Fasting Glucose	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.4	0.2
HbA1C	1.2	1.3	2.9	1.3	-0.6	0.2	1.1	1.4	1.7	-1.1
HDL Cholesterol	0.4	0.6	1.8	-0.5	0.7	0.5	-0.6	-0.8	-0.8	1.3
LDL Cholesterol	0.0	0.0	0.2	-0.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.0	-0.0	0.1	-0.4
Lupus	0.3	0.4	1.5	-0.0	1.2	0.5	0.4	-0.0	-0.9	0.4
Neuroticism (2016)	0.6	0.9	3.3	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	-0.0	-1.8	1.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis	0.5	0.7	1.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.1	-1.2	1.3
Rheumatoid Arthritis	0.6	0.8	3.4	-0.3	-0.4	1.2	-0.1	0.2	0.9	-1.9
Schizophrenia (2014)	0.5	1.0	1.9	-1.3	-0.3	-0.0	-1.3	-1.4	-1.1	0.5
Triglycerides	0.5	0.8	2.4	-0.7	-1.5	-0.9	-0.5	-0.1	0.6	-0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012)	0.8	0.9	2.3	0.8	-0.3	-1.5	0.8	0.5	-0.4	1.5
Ulcerative Colitis	0.8	1.2	2.9	-0.7	0.1	-0.6	-0.9	-1.1	-1.7	1.6
Blood Eosinophil Count	0.4	3.5	7.4	-1.5	0.8	-0.9	-1.9	-2.5	-2.7	1.9
Blood Platelet Count	0.0	0.6	1.8	0.1	1.3	-1.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.9	-0.3
Blood Red Count	0.8	7.8	18.0	-3.5	-2.0	-2.8	-4.2	-3.3	-1.0	-0.7
Blood White Count	0.9	7.0	15.8	-1.8	2.1	-1.4	-2.3	-3.0	-4.0	3.0
Heel T-Score	4.2	33.8	67.1	-5.0	0.7	-2.3	-6.2	-7.0	-7.1	8.2
BMI	0.3	1.6	3.8	0.1	-1.0	-1.6	0.2	0.6	1.8	-1.9
Height	1.5	29.7	46.6	6.0	3.6	6.5	6.8	6.7	4.5	-2.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR)	0.2	0.8	3.3	-0.6	0.2	0.1	-0.6	-0.8	-1.0	1.8
Systolic Blood Pressure	0.5	2.7	7.8	-1.3	-1.7	-2.8	-1.5	-1.0	0.5	-1.7
Smoking Status	1.2	2.8	5.0	2.1	1.6	2.2	2.0	2.0	0.3	-0.1
Allergy or Eczema	0.4	1.0	1.8	0.7	-1.3	-0.3	0.7	1.0	1.4	-1.1
Cardiovascular Disease	0.1	0.4	1.7	-0.1	-0.4	-1.3	-0.4	-0.3	-0.2	0.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported)	0.5	1.2	2.2	1.1	0.5	0.8	1.5	1.3	1.4	-0.0
Respiratory disease	1.5	3.3	12.9	0.7	3.6	0.9	0.4	-0.3	-2.1	2.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018)	0.4	0.7	1.7	-0.4	-0.9	-1.2	-0.3	-0.7	-0.8	1.3
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio	0.9	4.8	11.7	-1.7	-3.4	-1.3	-1.4	-0.2	2.8	-2.7
Lung FVC	0.1	0.3	0.6	-0.8	0.6	-0.5	-0.4	-0.8	-0.0	0.4
Neuroticism	0.1	0.2	1.1	-0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.3	-0.3	-1.1	-0.1
Chronotype (morning person)	0.6	1.4	5.1	0.3	1.2	-0.6	0.2	-0.5	-2.3	1.5
Hair Pigment	0.4	11.6	21.4	-4.6	-3.4	-3.3	-3.7	-2.8	3.0	-2.6
Tanning	0.0	0.4	1.6	0.4	-1.3	0.6	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.2
Hand grip strength (left)	0.5	1.3	4.0	0.0	-1.8	-2.0	0.0	0.4	1.1	-0.6
Number of treatments/medications taken	0.3	0.5	1.1	0.6	-0.1	0.5	0.8	0.8	1.0	-0.8
Average weekly spirits intake	0.4	0.4	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	-0.9	0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings	0.3	0.5	0.9	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.3	-0.4	-0.7
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks	1.2	1.6	3.2	1.1	1.5	1.8	1.3	1.2	-0.1	-1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes	0.4	0.6	1.8	0.7	-0.1	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.5	-1.3
Relative age of first facial hair	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.4	-0.7	-0.4	0.3	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.4	-0.5	0.1	0.7	0.5	0.2	-0.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT)	0.6	0.8	3.8	0.3	-1.0	-0.6	0.3	-0.0	-0.5	1.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed)	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.1	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.1	-0.0	0.7
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.9	2.5	6.3	-1.3	-1.8	-2.5	-1.7	-1.0	0.8	-1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease	0.2	0.2	0.9	-0.0	-0.0	0.8	0.1	-0.1	-0.9	0.3
Angina	1.9	2.5	6.0	0.8	2.4	0.6	0.2	-0.3	-2.2	2.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy	2.1	2.4	8.2	0.5	-2.4	0.3	0.4	1.1	2.9	-0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements	0.9	1.3	1.8	1.0	0.4	1.1	1.3	1.4	1.3	-1.0
Supplements: Zinc	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.4	-0.7	-0.2	-0.1	0.1	-0.5	0.4
Medication: Co-codamol	0.9	1.0	3.0	0.5	0.4	0.3	1.0	1.1	1.7	-1.2
Medication: Metformin	0.5	0.7	1.5	-1.2	-0.9	-0.8	-1.0	-1.0	-0.1	0.3
Diabetes (father)	4.0	4.9	6.7	2.3	1.4	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.1	-1.7
Diabetes (mother)	0.3	0.4	1.1	-0.2	1.0	0.3	-0.2	-0.5	-1.0	0.5
Severe depression (siblings)	0.6	0.6	3.1	0.4	-0.2	0.5	0.4	0.1	-0.8	1.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion	0.7	1.1	5.2	0.5	2.3	0.9	0.9	0.3	-0.8	-0.2
Impedance of leg (right)	0.5	2.7	9.0	-0.7	-0.1	-0.7	-0.7	-1.5	-2.4	3.0
Leg fat-free mass (left)	2.0	10.6	17.3	3.3	0.1	2.0	3.6	4.2	3.8	-3.8
Trunk fat percentage	0.5	1.9	5.7	-0.3	-1.5	-2.4	0.4	0.3	1.0	-1.9
Hand grip strength (right)	0.6	1.8	3.1	1.1	-1.6	-1.0	1.0	1.4	1.7	-1.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment	0.4	0.6	1.4	1.1	0.3	0.2	1.2	0.8	0.1	0.8
Current tobacco smoking	0.8	1.3	3.2	1.3	1.8	1.4	0.9	1.0	-0.6	0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake	0.5	0.6	1.7	0.8	-1.3	-0.3	-0.0	0.3	-1.2	0.2
Maternal smoking around birth	0.4	0.6	1.6	-1.1	-0.6	0.3	-0.9	-0.6	0.3	-1.3
Fed-up feelings	0.7	1.3	2.8	1.1	0.7	0.7	1.7	1.5	0.5	-1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks	0.6	0.7	2.2	-0.6	1.5	0.2	0.0	-0.6	-1.3	-0.7
Relative age voice broke	0.3	0.4	2.1	0.4	-1.5	-0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.4	0.4
Taking other prescription medications	0.2	0.4	1.4	0.0	0.8	0.7	0.1	-0.3	-1.2	-0.1
Age when periods started (menarche)	0.4	0.9	1.8	-1.3	0.3	-0.6	-1.1	-1.2	0.3	-1.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed)	1.2	1.4	3.8	-0.0	1.5	1.0	0.1	-0.7	-1.6	1.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left)	2.9	6.7	17.6	-1.7	0.0	-0.7	-2.6	-2.8	-3.3	4.2
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past	1.2	1.3	2.4	1.5	0.7	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.0	-0.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent	1.4	1.8	2.8	-1.7	-1.7	-1.5	-1.5	-1.6	-0.5	0.1
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself	0.9	1.1	3.1	-0.9	0.1	0.0	-0.4	-1.1	-1.8	1.6
High blood pressure	0.1	0.4	0.8	0.9	0.8	-0.0	0.6	0.7	0.4	-0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema	0.5	1.1	1.7	1.0	-1.2	-0.0	1.0	1.2	1.3	-1.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals	0.4	0.5	1.9	-0.2	0.0	-1.4	-0.2	-0.5	-0.8	0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month	0.4	0.5	2.8	-0.4	0.5	-0.5	0.0	-0.6	-1.7	-0.0
Supplements: Glucosamine	0.2	0.3	0.6	-0.8	-0.3	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5	-0.2	0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported)	0.9	1.1	4.0	-1.2	-0.3	-0.3	-2.0	-1.2	-0.7	-0.4
Medication: Atenolol	0.6	0.7	2.7	-0.0	0.6	-1.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.7	1.6
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium	1.4	2.4	4.9	1.9	1.4	1.3	2.2	1.9	0.8	0.8
Sitting height	1.4	9.7	16.7	3.7	0.7	3.3	3.5	4.1	3.0	-2.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father)	1.8	2.1	4.2	-1.1	1.7	-0.6	-1.2	-1.6	-2.0	1.5
High blood pressure (mother)	0.9	1.3	2.7	-0.9	-1.3	-1.6	-1.0	-1.0	-1.2	0.7
Body mass index (BMI)	0.5	2.1	6.0	-0.1	-1.4	-1.8	0.3	0.6	1.8	-2.4
Impedance of leg (left)	0.9	4.2	10.1	-1.6	-0.1	-1.4	-1.4	-2.3	-2.8	3.2
Leg predicted mass (left)	2.0	10.4	16.8	3.2	0.1	2.0	3.6	4.1	3.8	-3.8
Trunk fat mass	0.6	2.4	5.7	0.7	-1.3	-1.4	1.2	1.3	1.8	-2.4
Waist circumference	0.3	1.1	2.0	0.6	-0.7	-0.8	1.1	1.1	1.4	-1.4
Number of incorrect matches in round	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.0	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.3	-0.2
Past tobacco smoking	0.3	0.6	1.0	-0.8	0.0	-0.3	-0.9	-1.0	-0.8	0.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals	0.2	0.3	1.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	-0.0	-0.5	-1.1	0.9
Nervous feelings	0.5	0.9	3.2	-0.4	0.1	-0.7	-0.2	-1.0	-1.8	1.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.7	0.2	-0.3	0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.3	-0.3	0.2	0.0	-0.5	-0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2	0.3	0.4	1.3	-0.3	-0.0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.6	-1.2	1.1
Had menopause	0.5	0.6	1.4	-0.3	-0.9	-1.0	-0.6	-0.1	1.2	-0.9
Had other major operations	0.5	0.6	1.6	0.5	-0.3	-0.5	0.8	0.8	0.9	-1.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC)	0.4	1.5	3.4	1.2	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.2	0.6	0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right)	1.0	2.4	8.1	-0.7	-0.3	-0.7	-1.5	-1.6	-1.7	2.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week	0.5	0.6	1.7	0.4	1.3	0.3	0.8	0.0	-1.1	0.4
Qualifications: None of the above	0.1	0.3	1.7	0.0	0.5	0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.3	1.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years	0.8	1.0	4.9	0.3	0.1	-0.1	0.5	-0.5	-2.2	1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems	0.7	1.0	3.7	0.1	-0.5	-1.0	-0.0	-0.3	-1.9	1.5
Heart attack	3.4	4.4	14.1	0.1	1.4	-1.2	-0.7	-1.3	-3.3	3.8
Allergy	0.1	0.2	0.8	-0.9	0.3	-0.0	-0.3	-0.4	0.1	-0.6
Pain all over the body in last month	1.0	1.1	4.6	0.1	0.8	0.2	0.3	-0.4	-1.4	2.1
Diabetes (self-reported)	1.7	2.7	4.2	-1.5	-1.2	-2.0	-1.4	-1.9	-1.8	1.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported)	0.4	0.6	2.0	-0.4	-1.1	-1.4	-0.6	-0.6	-0.2	0.1
Medication: Ramipril	0.4	0.6	1.4	0.8	0.6	1.2	0.9	0.4	-0.4	0.5
Medication: Simvastatin	0.5	0.8	1.4	-0.9	0.8	-0.5	-0.9	-1.2	-1.2	0.5
Fluid intelligence score	0.8	1.7	4.5	1.2	-0.3	0.9	0.8	1.5	1.5	-2.1
Illnesses of siblings	0.2	0.3	1.1	-0.5	-1.1	-0.2	-0.4	-0.3	0.6	-0.1
Neuroticism score	0.2	0.5	1.8	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.9	0.1	-1.4	-0.1
Weight	1.2	5.7	10.5	2.1	-0.5	0.4	2.6	2.9	3.1	-3.2
Impedance of arm (right)	0.2	0.9	2.8	0.3	0.8	0.3	0.5	-0.2	-1.7	1.5
Arm fat percentage (right)	0.4	1.5	4.1	0.2	-0.9	-1.7	0.6	0.7	1.5	-2.0
Trunk fat-free mass	1.9	11.0	18.8	3.6	0.6	2.8	3.6	4.3	3.8	-3.1
Hip circumference	1.1	4.7	12.6	1.6	-0.5	-0.3	2.2	2.4	2.7	-3.5
Time employed in main current job	1.2	1.4	3.1	-1.7	0.4	-0.8	-1.6	-1.7	-0.3	0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.0	-0.4	-0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.3	0.8
Father’s age at death	0.8	1.1	2.8	-0.9	1.2	0.1	-0.9	-1.1	-1.7	0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings	0.5	0.9	3.9	0.3	2.0	0.1	0.5	-0.3	-1.1	1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.0	-0.3	0.6	0.1	-0.8	0.6
Falls in the last year	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.3	-0.6	0.1	-0.4	-0.4	-0.6	0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3	0.7	1.1	3.4	0.5	-1.8	0.2	0.1	0.6	1.6	-1.0
Number of live births	0.4	0.5	2.4	-0.3	-0.6	-1.5	-0.6	-0.3	0.5	0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1)	0.3	0.9	1.7	0.7	0.2	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.2	-0.7
Pulse rate	0.7	1.2	3.0	-0.9	-1.7	-1.1	-0.6	-0.2	1.5	-0.7
Happiness	0.2	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.7	-0.1	-0.8
Noisy workplace	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.7	-0.1	0.5	0.6	0.8	-0.0	0.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent	1.3	2.9	6.5	2.1	1.9	2.6	1.7	1.6	-0.3	-0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years	1.5	1.7	4.0	-1.2	-0.9	-1.0	-1.4	-1.6	-2.0	0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures	0.8	1.3	2.7	-1.2	0.9	0.3	-1.2	-0.5	1.6	-1.6
Asthma	0.6	1.2	3.6	-0.1	1.9	-0.2	-0.4	-0.9	-1.7	1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen)	0.5	0.6	2.4	0.4	-1.5	-0.1	0.6	0.6	0.8	-0.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering	1.0	1.6	4.2	-1.0	0.2	-1.2	-1.3	-1.3	-2.0	0.7
Depression (self-reported)	1.8	2.1	4.7	-1.9	-0.2	-0.7	-2.0	-2.2	-1.4	-0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole	0.8	0.9	4.3	-0.0	0.1	-0.6	0.1	-0.5	-1.2	2.1
Prospective memory result	1.7	2.1	4.2	1.3	1.8	2.0	1.1	0.8	-1.4	1.3
Lung cancer (father)	0.5	0.6	1.5	1.2	0.7	-0.5	1.0	1.1	0.0	0.2
Illnesses of mother	1.4	1.7	3.0	1.5	0.2	1.1	1.7	1.6	1.6	-0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure	0.5	1.7	3.3	0.8	-0.2	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.8	-1.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index	0.8	0.9	4.8	-0.1	2.2	0.5	-0.2	-0.5	-1.0	0.4
Impedance of arm (left)	0.3	1.3	4.3	-0.7	0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-1.1	-2.1	1.7
Arm fat mass (right)	0.7	2.8	7.6	0.7	-0.9	-1.0	1.2	1.5	2.5	-2.7
Trunk predicted mass	1.9	10.7	18.6	3.6	0.6	2.7	3.5	4.3	3.7	-3.0
Standing height	1.7	17.0	27.7	5.0	2.0	4.6	5.2	5.3	3.1	-2.0
Length of working week for main job	1.5	1.7	3.3	0.9	1.8	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.3	-0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home	0.5	0.6	1.6	-0.6	0.2	0.4	-0.6	-0.9	-0.8	1.3
Breastfed as a baby	0.5	0.6	2.9	-0.1	-1.2	-1.7	-0.3	-0.2	0.1	0.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’	1.4	2.4	6.6	-0.7	1.0	0.2	-1.0	-1.6	-2.6	2.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	0.5	0.7	2.7	0.0	1.0	-0.2	0.2	-0.7	-1.7	0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4	0.5	1.3	2.7	-1.6	-1.0	-1.1	-1.6	-0.9	0.1	-0.8
Birth weight of first child	0.3	0.5	1.0	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.6	0.8	0.0	-0.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)	1.2	2.8	6.2	1.2	-0.5	1.1	1.5	1.9	2.5	-2.2
Pulse wave reflection index	1.6	2.0	5.1	-0.4	1.9	0.3	-1.1	-1.4	-2.3	1.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days	0.5	0.6	2.3	0.3	-0.9	-0.3	0.6	0.1	-0.7	1.5
Loud music exposure frequency	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.3	0.4	-0.1	-0.1	-0.0	-0.8	0.5
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent	0.2	0.3	1.0	0.4	0.6	-0.2	0.5	0.3	-1.0	-0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums	0.7	0.9	3.1	-1.0	-1.8	-1.1	-0.7	-0.8	0.3	-0.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT)	0.7	1.0	3.8	0.4	0.8	1.4	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	1.9
Medication: Paracetamol	0.4	0.6	3.4	0.1	-0.5	-0.2	0.3	-0.1	-0.6	1.8
Headache pain in last month	0.6	1.0	2.6	0.8	0.4	1.4	0.9	1.0	1.6	0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes	0.5	0.9	1.7	0.5	-0.6	0.9	0.8	1.0	1.3	-1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported)	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.1	0.3	0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.4	0.1
Gout (self-reported)	0.3	0.4	1.7	0.1	-1.3	-0.5	0.6	0.3	-0.0	0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported)	0.4	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.7	1.2	1.0	0.5	0.6
Medication: Amlodipine	0.3	0.4	2.2	0.3	1.5	-0.2	-0.0	-0.1	-0.7	0.5
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler	0.2	0.2	1.0	0.1	0.5	-0.6	0.0	-0.1	-1.0	0.0
Birth weight	1.4	3.1	7.9	0.6	-1.6	0.7	0.8	1.6	2.6	-2.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother)	0.6	0.7	2.6	0.2	1.6	0.2	0.2	-0.3	-0.9	1.2
High blood pressure (siblings)	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.0	0.5	-0.1	0.8	0.7	-0.6	0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure	0.8	3.1	5.1	1.9	0.9	2.0	2.3	2.2	1.4	-1.0
Body fat percentage	0.5	1.8	6.2	-0.4	-1.5	-2.5	0.1	0.0	1.0	-1.7
Leg fat percentage (right)	0.4	1.4	3.5	-0.0	-1.4	-1.9	0.4	0.4	1.3	-1.5
Arm fat-free mass (right)	1.2	6.2	12.0	2.4	-0.0	1.6	2.4	3.1	3.5	-2.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home	2.5	3.3	6.4	-1.8	-0.4	-2.5	-1.6	-2.0	-2.2	1.5
Comparative body size at age 10	0.9	2.6	6.1	-1.4	-2.4	-2.5	-1.2	-0.7	0.6	-1.3
Number of full brothers	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.6	-0.7	0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment	0.2	0.3	0.8	-0.6	-0.5	0.1	-0.4	-0.8	-0.9	0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	0.4	0.5	1.1	-0.2	1.0	-0.1	0.2	-0.7	-1.0	1.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year	0.5	0.8	2.8	-0.1	0.6	-0.6	-0.5	-0.7	-1.7	1.2
Number of children fathered	1.4	1.6	4.7	-1.8	-0.9	-0.2	-2.2	-1.4	0.5	-0.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution	1.4	1.7	5.8	-1.2	-1.8	-2.4	-0.5	-0.6	0.6	-0.3
Age at first live birth	1.5	2.7	6.9	0.7	-0.1	1.3	1.5	1.5	2.3	-2.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time	0.8	1.0	3.5	0.5	-1.9	-0.1	0.6	0.9	1.2	-0.6
Health satisfaction	0.3	0.4	0.9	0.9	-0.1	0.5	0.9	0.8	0.2	-0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground	1.0	1.2	4.0	0.2	0.9	0.2	-0.2	-0.5	-2.0	1.7
Qualifications: College or University degree	1.3	4.0	6.9	1.8	-0.2	1.8	1.8	2.4	2.6	-2.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above	0.4	0.4	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.5	-0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth	0.2	0.3	0.8	-0.1	0.5	-0.9	0.4	-0.1	-0.8	-0.2
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis	2.2	2.5	4.7	2.1	1.3	1.0	1.9	1.2	-0.8	2.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn	0.6	1.1	3.9	-0.8	2.0	0.2	-0.7	-0.6	-0.0	-1.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month	0.5	0.8	1.4	-1.2	0.6	-0.7	-0.9	-1.2	-0.7	0.5
Medication: Blood pressure	0.6	1.0	4.2	0.2	2.1	0.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.9	1.4
Angina (self-reported)	1.7	2.3	5.9	0.9	2.4	0.9	0.4	-0.1	-2.0	2.1
Migraine (self-reported)	3.3	4.1	7.0	-2.4	-1.2	-2.7	-2.0	-2.3	-2.2	0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen	0.8	1.0	2.6	0.5	-1.6	-0.1	0.6	1.0	1.4	-0.8
Medication: Allopurinol	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.2
Medication: Omeprazole	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.4	-0.5	0.1
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler	0.2	0.2	0.8	0.3	0.3	-0.1	0.3	0.2	-0.5	0.9
Mean time to correctly identify matches	0.8	1.5	4.2	-1.6	-0.7	-0.3	-2.0	-1.6	-0.8	0.6
Heart disease (mother)	1.4	1.6	6.6	0.1	-0.3	-0.5	-0.4	-0.6	-2.0	2.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.3	-0.7	-0.5	-0.4	-0.3	-0.3	0.1
Whole body fat mass	0.6	2.4	6.4	0.6	-1.1	-1.4	1.2	1.3	2.0	-2.5
Leg fat mass (right)	0.6	2.4	5.9	0.8	-0.9	-1.0	1.3	1.4	2.1	-2.4
Arm predicted mass (right)	1.2	6.3	11.0	2.5	-0.0	1.7	2.5	3.2	3.3	-2.7
Pulse rate, automated reading	0.3	1.1	1.8	-0.9	-1.3	-1.3	-1.3	-1.1	-0.7	0.5
Alcohol intake frequency.	0.4	1.0	2.5	0.9	0.8	0.4	0.9	0.2	-1.5	1.6
Comparative height size at age 10	1.1	6.1	10.9	2.9	0.1	2.1	3.1	3.3	2.3	-2.0
Number of full sisters	0.3	0.4	0.7	-0.6	-0.9	-0.2	-0.6	-0.7	-0.8	0.2
Suffer from ‘nerves’	0.6	0.9	3.8	0.4	2.0	0.2	0.9	0.0	-1.0	0.4
Overall health rating	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.2	-0.5	0.3
Chest pain or discomfort	2.0	2.9	7.4	-0.2	1.0	-0.9	-1.3	-1.5	-2.6	2.7
Had major operations	0.8	0.9	3.1	-0.1	-0.9	-0.3	0.3	0.4	1.4	-1.8
Age at last live birth	1.8	2.6	5.5	1.2	-0.7	0.8	1.7	1.9	1.9	-2.3
Family relationship satisfaction	0.4	0.5	1.6	-0.7	-0.1	-1.3	-0.3	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7
Leg pain on walking	0.4	0.5	1.7	-0.4	0.9	0.4	-0.3	-0.5	-0.2	1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent	1.3	1.6	4.7	-1.1	-1.6	-2.2	-0.5	-0.8	0.2	-1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle	3.1	3.6	14.1	-1.4	-3.8	-2.3	-1.2	-0.7	1.1	-0.8
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years	1.0	1.2	3.6	0.0	1.9	0.2	0.0	0.4	1.8	-1.1
Medication: Aspirin	0.6	0.7	2.4	0.6	1.0	0.7	0.1	0.0	-0.9	1.5
Supplements: Vitamin C	2.1	2.4	4.0	-1.4	-1.1	-1.2	-2.0	-1.8	-1.9	1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month	0.6	1.0	2.8	-0.9	-1.1	-1.7	-0.6	-0.8	-0.7	0.7
Hypertension (Self-reported)	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.5	-0.4	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported)	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.2	-0.1	-0.2	0.5	-0.1	-0.9	0.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease	0.8	1.1	2.2	-1.2	-0.6	-1.2	-1.5	-1.2	-0.7	0.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes	0.4	0.5	2.3	0.1	0.2	-0.8	-0.2	-0.3	-1.5	0.5
Smoking status: Previous	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.4	-0.4	-0.3	0.6	0.6	1.0	-0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted	0.7	1.5	2.8	1.4	-0.8	0.4	1.0	1.7	1.6	-1.1
Whole body fat-free mass	1.9	10.9	18.1	3.5	0.4	2.4	3.6	4.3	3.9	-3.5
Leg fat-free mass (right)	1.6	8.6	13.5	2.7	0.3	1.9	3.2	3.7	3.5	-3.6
Arm fat percentage (left)	0.4	1.6	4.5	-0.4	-1.2	-2.1	0.1	0.2	1.3	-1.9
Average weekly red wine intake	0.7	1.1	2.7	1.6	0.0	1.1	1.2	1.3	-0.0	0.8
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed	0.3	0.3	1.3	0.4	0.1	-0.1	0.4	-0.1	-0.8	1.1
Mood swings	1.0	1.8	3.3	1.8	0.3	1.5	1.8	1.6	-0.0	-1.1
Loneliness, isolation	0.3	0.4	2.1	-0.0	0.6	-0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.6	-1.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity	0.5	0.8	3.7	0.2	0.9	-0.0	0.1	-0.3	-1.9	0.9
Ever had bowel cancer screening	1.0	1.1	2.3	1.0	1.5	0.7	1.1	0.9	0.8	-1.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor	0.4	0.6	1.2	-0.5	-1.0	-1.1	-0.2	-0.6	-0.9	0.6
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination	0.3	0.4	1.0	-0.1	-1.0	-0.4	0.1	0.2	0.5	-1.0
Friendships satisfaction	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.4	-0.6	-0.7	-0.2	-0.4	-0.6	-0.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching	0.6	0.9	1.5	1.1	-0.7	0.7	0.3	1.1	1.1	-1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk	0.8	0.9	2.8	0.9	0.3	0.6	1.3	0.3	-1.7	0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract	0.8	1.0	2.3	-1.2	-0.3	-1.2	-1.5	-1.2	0.3	-0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	-0.5
Medication for cholesterol	0.5	0.8	3.5	0.5	1.1	0.6	0.3	0.1	-1.9	0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot)	0.4	0.4	1.4	-0.4	-0.5	-0.7	-0.3	-0.0	0.7	-1.2
Back pain experienced in last month	0.4	0.6	1.7	0.4	-1.3	0.4	-0.1	0.3	1.3	0.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.4	-0.6	0.3	0.2	0.3	-0.2	-0.8
Breast cancer (self-reported)	0.3	0.4	0.8	-0.2	0.6	0.8	-0.8	-0.3	-0.9	0.2
Asthma (self-reported)	0.8	1.5	4.3	-0.3	1.9	-0.2	-0.5	-1.0	-2.1	1.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported)	2.8	3.4	7.9	2.1	-0.1	0.8	2.8	2.5	1.8	-1.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported)	0.2	0.2	0.6	-0.5	-0.8	-0.5	-0.2	-0.3	0.5	0.1
Medication: Aspirin	0.5	0.6	2.3	0.4	0.8	0.4	0.0	-0.1	-1.0	1.5
Medication: Gliclazide	2.4	2.7	6.0	-1.8	-0.3	-0.6	-2.1	-2.0	-2.5	0.8
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1)	0.5	0.6	1.2	0.9	-1.1	0.4	0.9	1.0	0.3	-0.5
Smoking status: Current	1.3	2.0	3.8	1.7	2.0	1.8	1.2	1.2	-0.8	0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage	0.5	1.1	1.7	1.2	0.2	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.1	-0.3
Whole body water mass	1.9	11.0	18.2	3.5	0.3	2.5	3.5	4.3	4.0	-3.5
Leg predicted mass (right)	1.7	8.8	13.9	2.8	0.3	1.9	3.3	3.7	3.6	-3.6
Arm fat mass (left)	0.6	2.7	7.5	0.6	-1.1	-1.2	1.1	1.4	2.2	-2.7
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses	0.6	1.0	2.1	1.4	1.4	0.4	1.3	0.9	-0.5	-0.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake	0.8	1.1	2.1	0.7	1.2	1.5	1.2	1.1	0.7	-0.9
Miserableness	0.5	0.8	1.4	-1.1	-0.7	-0.9	-0.8	-1.0	-1.2	-0.5
Guilty feelings	0.8	1.2	1.8	1.2	-1.4	0.9	1.4	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses	0.9	1.0	4.2	0.8	2.0	1.0	0.6	0.5	-0.7	-0.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill	0.4	0.5	1.8	-0.4	-1.3	0.1	-1.0	-0.6	-0.3	-0.0
Hearing aid user	1.7	1.9	4.1	-1.4	-0.3	-0.9	-2.0	-1.9	-0.5	1.6
Mother’s age at death	2.3	2.9	5.0	1.8	1.0	1.2	2.0	2.2	1.5	-1.7
Financial situation satisfaction	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	-0.4	-0.0	0.3	0.4	0.3	-0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time	1.7	2.0	4.9	-1.4	-2.2	-1.9	-1.5	-1.1	-0.3	-0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport	0.3	0.4	1.1	0.2	1.0	0.1	0.5	0.1	-1.0	0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.4	0.1	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Medication: Blood pressure	0.4	0.8	3.0	-0.1	-0.0	-0.1	0.0	0.3	1.7	-1.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain	1.3	1.6	9.5	-0.5	-3.1	-0.1	-0.7	-0.7	0.2	0.7
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil)	0.3	0.4	1.5	-0.6	0.4	-0.7	-0.6	-0.5	-0.0	1.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported)	0.3	0.5	0.9	0.9	0.2	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.8	-0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide	0.2	0.2	1.1	-0.1	0.1	-1.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2	0.6
Medication: Paracetamol	0.6	0.9	4.3	0.7	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.4	-0.7	2.1
Medication: Lisinopril	1.0	1.3	3.6	-0.6	0.6	-1.9	-1.1	-1.0	-0.6	1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin	0.6	0.7	2.1	0.7	-0.3	0.5	1.1	0.6	-0.5	1.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure	1.8	2.2	4.7	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.3	1.1	-0.3	1.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never	0.9	1.1	2.5	1.0	0.8	1.5	0.9	0.3	-0.7	1.6
Ever smoked	0.1	0.2	1.0	-0.3	0.0	0.2	-0.4	-0.0	0.0	-1.0
Basal metabolic rate	1.7	9.6	15.8	3.1	0.1	1.8	3.4	4.0	3.8	-3.5
Leg fat percentage (left)	0.5	1.8	5.7	-0.6	-1.6	-2.4	-0.2	-0.2	1.2	-1.6
Arm fat-free mass (left)	1.8	9.0	14.8	3.1	0.1	1.9	3.2	3.8	3.8	-3.1
Number of operations (self-reported)	0.4	0.6	1.7	-0.2	-0.5	-0.7	0.3	0.5	1.1	-1.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake	0.7	1.0	2.4	-1.1	-1.5	-0.4	-1.2	-0.7	1.1	-0.4
Irritability	0.1	0.2	0.6	-0.2	0.2	-0.2	0.2	-0.3	-0.8	0.6
Risk taking	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.2	-0.3	0.6	-0.0	0.4	0.5	-0.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test	0.7	0.8	1.5	-1.2	1.0	0.4	-0.9	-0.6	0.6	-1.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years	4.0	5.2	10.1	2.6	0.2	1.8	3.2	3.0	2.2	-1.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill	2.9	3.6	9.0	1.6	-0.5	1.9	1.7	2.1	3.0	-1.7
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading	1.2	3.6	6.5	-1.7	-2.4	-2.5	-2.0	-1.3	0.5	-2.0
Ever depressed for a whole week	0.4	0.5	1.2	0.6	1.0	1.1	0.7	0.5	-0.6	-0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability	1.4	1.9	6.0	0.6	1.3	0.4	0.2	-0.3	-2.2	2.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle	0.7	0.8	1.9	0.7	1.4	1.1	0.9	0.7	0.2	-0.9
Myopia	0.2	0.3	0.9	-0.1	-0.2	-0.6	-0.4	-0.2	-0.6	-0.9
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.4	-0.7	0.6	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication	0.5	0.7	1.5	0.7	1.0	1.2	1.1	0.6	0.4	0.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol)	0.5	0.6	1.9	-0.5	-0.1	-0.3	-0.7	-0.8	-1.4	1.0
Pain experienced in last month	0.5	0.9	2.1	-0.1	-1.3	-1.4	-0.6	0.1	0.4	-1.4
Supplements: Calcium	0.6	0.7	3.6	0.4	-1.9	-0.5	0.4	0.5	0.6	-0.4
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported)	0.4	0.4	1.1	-0.2	0.6	1.0	-0.4	0.1	0.6	-1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported)	3.4	4.4	14.7	-0.1	1.3	-1.3	-0.7	-1.3	-3.2	3.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported)	1.0	1.2	4.5	0.3	1.2	1.5	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2	2.1
Heart disease (siblings)	0.5	0.6	2.1	0.4	1.4	1.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous	1.8	2.0	4.1	1.2	1.2	2.0	1.4	1.4	-0.1	-1.8
Pack years of smoking	0.7	1.0	5.1	0.4	2.2	0.8	0.8	0.2	-0.6	-0.1
Impedance of whole body	0.6	3.0	8.2	-1.0	0.3	-0.7	-0.7	-1.7	-2.8	2.9
Leg fat mass (left)	0.6	2.2	5.8	0.6	-0.9	-1.2	1.1	1.2	2.1	-2.4
Arm predicted mass (left)	1.8	9.0	14.9	3.1	0.1	2.1	3.2	3.9	3.8	-3.0