Hub : Genes

ST3GAL5

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Thyroid 0.0580 0.0280 5.6e-03 -0.001 NA 0.014 NA 0.002 3.6e-01 NA 2.9e-02 NA 2.3e-01
2 YFS Blood 0.1899 0.0309 0.0e+00 0.155 0.154 0.171 0.167 0.164 2.1e-48 4.7e-48 1.8e-53 2.8e-52 2.6e-51
3 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0365 0.0151 1.1e-08 0.058 0.047 0.059 NA 0.058 5.4e-12 5.0e-10 3.7e-12 NA 6.1e-12
4 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0303 0.0183 5.5e-03 0.011 0.013 0.009 NA 0.011 1.9e-02 1.2e-02 3.3e-02 NA 1.7e-02
5 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1310 0.0506 3.7e-09 0.109 0.108 0.092 NA 0.104 1.9e-11 2.4e-11 8.2e-10 NA 5.1e-11

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.6 2.5 5.4 -2.3 -0.7 1.8 1.2 1.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.5 3.6 7.7 -2.8 -0.9 1.8 1.6 1.9
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.3 -1.1 0.6 -0.0 0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.6 0.9 2.1 -1.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 1.7 5.5 -2.3 -1.2 1.0 -0.5 0.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 1.7 -0.7 0.1 0.9 -0.5 1.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.6 1.3 2.9 -1.7 -0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 0.8 0.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.2 0.7 0.8 -1.0 1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.9 1.1 2.4 -1.6 -0.5 0.8 1.3 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.1 1.2 2.2 -1.2 -0.7 1.4 0.3 1.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.1 4.1 -2.0 -0.5 0.9 0.4 0.5
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.1 0.3 1.5 -1.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.0 2.4 4.5 0.8 1.0 -2.1 -1.5 -1.9
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 2.4 4.5 5.9 2.1 1.6 -2.4 -2.2 -2.2
Major Depression (MDD) 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.4 1.1 -0.6 -1.2 -0.7
Reaction Time 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.6 1.5 2.2 -1.2 -1.5 1.3 0.8 1.3
Breast Cancer 0.7 1.8 3.4 -1.2 0.3 1.9 0.8 1.8
Ovarian Cancer 3.8 5.0 9.9 -1.2 -3.2 1.2 2.8 2.1
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 -1.0 0.6
Age at First Birth 1.3 1.9 4.1 0.4 0.6 -2.0 -1.6 -1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.6 1.0 -0.0 -1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.7 0.8 1.7 -1.3 0.2 1.1 0.6 0.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.1 0.5 0.3
Mean Putamen Volume 0.3 0.3 1.1 -1.0 0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.2 0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.2
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
HDL Cholesterol 2.2 3.7 9.7 -3.1 -1.3 1.6 1.1 1.9
LDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 2.8 1.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.7
Lupus 1.3 2.0 3.4 0.6 1.4 -1.4 -1.8 -1.5
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.7 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.0 1.4 3.8 -0.6 1.9 -0.7 -1.4 -0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.2 2.6 4.6 -2.1 -1.4 1.3 1.4 1.6
Triglycerides 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.3 1.5 2.9 -0.2 -1.7 0.9 1.5 1.1
Ulcerative Colitis 4.1 5.9 10.3 1.8 1.3 -3.0 -2.4 -3.2
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.2 9.6 14.3 -0.1 3.3 -3.8 -3.3 -3.5
Blood Platelet Count 0.4 4.3 10.8 -3.3 2.3 -0.7 -1.9 -1.3
Blood Red Count 1.5 14.2 21.0 4.2 2.9 -4.6 -2.5 -4.3
Blood White Count 0.4 2.6 5.0 1.5 2.2 -1.8 -0.2 -1.6
Heel T-Score 0.2 2.0 6.4 -0.1 1.0 -1.5 -2.5 -0.5
BMI 0.2 1.0 3.8 -2.0 -0.0 0.4 0.7 0.5
Height 0.1 2.3 7.5 0.3 -0.0 -1.1 -2.7 -1.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.4 1.6 1.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 2.7 13.4 20.2 -2.4 -3.0 4.5 4.0 4.1
Smoking Status 0.9 2.3 8.4 2.9 -0.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9
Allergy or Eczema 1.8 4.8 8.6 -1.1 2.9 -1.9 -2.3 -2.3
Cardiovascular Disease 3.7 12.3 18.3 -2.4 -4.3 3.8 3.3 3.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.3 3.1 5.3 0.6 1.4 -1.8 -2.1 -2.3
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.1 1.6 -0.7 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 0.9 1.8 1.3 -0.2 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.9 4.6 8.2 2.6 0.5 -2.9 -2.3 -1.5
Lung FVC 0.7 3.8 13.0 0.2 3.6 -0.4 -2.2 -0.9
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 2.6 0.3 0.1 1.2 -0.5 1.6
Chronotype (morning person) 0.9 2.1 3.0 -1.5 -1.1 1.7 1.0 1.7
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.5 4.5 -0.3 -1.5 2.1 1.5 1.9
Tanning 0.2 2.5 4.8 1.4 0.4 -2.2 -1.4 -1.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 2.2 4.0 6.4 -0.2 -2.5 2.1 2.5 1.8
Average weekly spirits intake 2.5 3.1 5.2 1.7 1.1 -1.9 -2.3 -1.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 0.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.5
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.1 3.8 -0.6 -1.0 0.4 1.9 0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 1.0 2.7 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -1.6 -0.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.0 -0.0 -1.0 0.1 -1.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.1 1.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.5 2.8 4.7 1.8 0.9 -1.4 -1.8 -2.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.9 1.8 0.1 -1.1 0.9 1.3 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.4 1.6 4.5 0.9 0.4 -1.4 -0.5 -2.1
Angina 2.1 2.8 3.7 0.1 -1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.8 3.6 0.3 1.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.2 1.3 4.8 -2.2 -0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Metformin 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.6
Diabetes (father) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.2
Diabetes (mother) 0.7 0.9 2.0 0.7 -1.3 -0.1 1.4 0.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.4 0.4 0.6 -0.7 0.8 0.6 -0.4 0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.2 4.1 2.0 -0.1 0.7 0.8 0.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.0 3.1 -1.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7
Trunk fat percentage 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.9 1.4 -1.2 -0.7 1.1 0.0 1.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.3
Current tobacco smoking 2.9 4.7 17.7 4.2 0.6 -1.4 -1.4 -1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.6
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2
Fed-up feelings 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.7 1.8 -0.9 -1.3 -0.3 0.8 0.0
Relative age voice broke 0.8 1.3 2.2 1.1 1.2 -0.8 -1.5 -1.0
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.8 1.7 -0.5 -1.3 0.9 0.7 0.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.4 0.9 2.7 1.6 -0.3 0.5 1.2 0.3
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.9 1.1 3.3 1.8 -1.1 0.5 0.6 -0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.7 1.7 3.5 1.9 -1.0 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.6 2.1 0.2 -1.4 -0.3 1.0 0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.2 -1.3 0.2 0.4 0.2
High blood pressure 2.5 7.1 9.3 -1.3 -2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.4 2.9 -0.3 1.7 -1.1 -1.3 -1.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.2 -1.2 0.1 0.2 0.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.6 2.6 -1.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3
Medication: Atenolol 1.5 1.9 4.6 0.2 -2.1 1.1 1.8 0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7
Sitting height 0.2 1.4 3.0 0.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.7 -1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 0.5 -0.5
High blood pressure (mother) 12.0 16.9 27.8 -2.2 -4.0 4.6 3.9 5.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.2 0.9 4.1 -2.0 -0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.5 5.3 2.3 -0.4 0.5 1.1 0.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.0 3.2 -1.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 0.5 -0.1
Waist circumference 0.1 0.5 1.9 -1.4 -0.3 0.3 0.8 0.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.2 0.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.6 2.6 3.7 -1.9 -0.5 1.9 1.4 1.9
Nervous feelings 0.7 1.3 3.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.6 0.4 1.8
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.5 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.6 0.9 1.6 0.4 1.2 -1.2 -0.2 -1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.5 1.9 4.1 2.0 -0.0 -1.8 -0.7 -1.3
Had menopause 1.4 1.7 2.5 1.6 1.5 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.4 1.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.7 2.7 6.1 -0.3 1.9 -1.4 -2.5 -1.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.4 0.9 1.8 1.3 -0.5 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.5 1.3
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.1 0.8 -0.9 0.4 -1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.0 1.3 5.1 2.3 -0.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.5 2.0 -1.4 -0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.6
Heart attack 1.0 1.2 4.0 0.4 -2.0 1.1 0.8 0.4
Allergy 1.3 3.1 5.4 -0.4 -1.5 2.1 2.3 1.8
Pain all over the body in last month 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.0
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.9
Medication: Ramipril 1.3 1.7 3.6 -0.0 -1.9 1.3 0.9 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 1.6 2.3 3.8 -0.9 -1.6 1.8 1.9 1.1
Fluid intelligence score 1.3 2.7 4.4 -1.5 -2.1 1.5 1.1 1.8
Illnesses of siblings 3.3 4.6 13.0 -0.0 3.6 -0.7 -2.7 -1.6
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.7 2.1 0.7 -0.3 0.9 0.1 1.4
Weight 0.1 0.6 2.5 -1.6 -0.7 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 1.1 2.8 1.7 0.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.4 1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 2.6 -1.6 -1.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5
Hip circumference 0.2 0.8 2.6 -1.6 -0.8 0.2 0.7 0.2
Time employed in main current job 0.9 1.0 2.9 0.3 1.7 -0.9 -0.0 -1.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.8 2.8 0.1 -1.0 0.3 1.7 0.0
Father’s age at death 0.2 0.3 1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.5 1.0 2.2 1.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 1.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.5 -1.3 -0.8 0.3 -0.5
Falls in the last year 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.4 0.8 0.7 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.0 1.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.1
Number of live births 0.6 0.9 2.0 0.9 -0.2 1.4 0.4 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.7 2.4 6.1 0.7 1.3 -1.5 -2.5 -1.2
Pulse rate 0.9 1.5 2.6 -0.6 1.3 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3
Happiness 2.4 2.9 4.2 -1.9 -1.7 1.4 1.4 2.0
Noisy workplace 3.2 3.9 7.7 1.5 1.4 -2.5 -1.3 -2.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 0.9 2.5 -1.6 0.8 0.6 -0.2 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.1 3.4 1.8 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4
Asthma 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.5 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.1 2.5 0.4 0.9 -1.2 -0.7 -1.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 2.6 4.1 8.8 -1.3 -3.0 1.8 1.8 1.9
Depression (self-reported) 2.4 2.8 6.4 -1.0 -0.7 2.3 1.0 2.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.7 0.9 0.3 0.4
Prospective memory result 0.6 0.8 1.9 -0.9 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.3
Lung cancer (father) 4.5 5.2 9.7 0.5 3.1 -2.0 -2.3 -2.5
Illnesses of mother 3.8 4.7 9.1 1.1 2.0 -2.1 -2.3 -3.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.9 1.9 0.2 0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.4 0.2 1.3 -0.2 0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.4 1.9 4.3 2.1 1.0 -1.3 -1.3 -0.9
Arm fat mass (right) 0.2 0.6 2.5 -1.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.8 2.5 -1.6 -1.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5
Standing height 0.1 1.2 1.8 0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 -1.2
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.0 0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.5 1.7 3.6 0.8 -1.4 0.9 1.9 1.2
Breastfed as a baby 0.7 0.9 2.1 -0.4 1.3 0.3 -1.4 -0.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.5 0.8 1.9 -0.1 -0.6 1.1 0.4 1.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.1 1.6 2.8 -1.0 -1.5 1.1 1.7 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.8 1.8 1.3 -1.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.1
Birth weight of first child 1.2 2.2 6.4 -2.5 -0.4 1.7 0.2 1.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.8 1.9 5.2 -0.0 0.6 -1.4 -2.3 -1.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.8 1.8 -1.1 -0.3 1.4 0.9 0.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 3.5 4.2 7.9 -0.6 -1.9 1.9 2.3 2.8
Loud music exposure frequency 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.1 -1.0 0.1 -0.9
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.0 -1.0 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.0 1.2 2.4 -1.0 1.3 -0.9 -1.5 -0.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.8 -0.1 1.1 1.1 0.5
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.7 6.2 2.5 -0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -1.3
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 3.9 6.4 10.0 1.9 3.2 -2.8 -2.1 -2.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.1 2.9 -1.1 -0.2 1.7 0.3 1.2
Gout (self-reported) 2.1 2.8 5.3 -1.0 -0.8 1.8 2.0 2.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.3 2.5 5.2 0.9 1.1 -1.6 -1.6 -2.3
Medication: Amlodipine 0.5 0.7 1.7 -1.3 -0.9 0.9 0.6 0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.6 3.3 5.1 0.9 1.3 -2.2 -2.3 -2.0
Birth weight 0.4 0.9 1.7 -1.0 0.4 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.2 2.6 3.6 0.7 1.8 -1.5 -1.9 -1.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 5.5 8.0 14.0 -0.8 -3.7 1.9 3.5 3.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.8 3.1 5.2 -0.4 2.0 -1.6 -2.3 -1.9
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.8 0.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 0.9 2.8 -1.7 0.0 0.8 1.0 0.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.6 -1.0 -1.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.4 3.4 1.9 -0.2 -1.5 0.3 -1.2
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 3.0 7.8 -2.8 -1.0 0.9 1.1 2.0
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.1 -0.6
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.5 0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.0 1.3 2.2 -0.6 -1.0 1.5 1.0 1.4
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 0.4
Number of children fathered 1.3 1.5 2.0 1.2 1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.3 0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 0.5 0.4
Age at first live birth 1.5 2.7 6.3 -2.5 1.8 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 -0.7 -1.1 0.4 -0.6
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.6 -1.6 0.4 -0.0 0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.3 1.6 2.7 -1.6 -0.5 1.5 0.8 1.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.4 1.3 2.7 -1.6 -0.7 1.1 -0.1 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 2.4 2.9 5.1 2.2 0.9 -1.9 -1.2 -1.8
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 1.7 -0.3 0.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 2.3 3.9 6.9 0.3 2.1 -2.6 -2.2 -1.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 -0.4 0.2 1.0 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 5.3 9.4 12.7 -2.3 -3.1 3.6 3.0 3.2
Angina (self-reported) 1.9 2.5 3.5 0.1 -1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.8 1.0 1.8 -0.1 1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2
Medication: Allopurinol 1.4 1.9 3.7 -0.5 -0.3 1.5 1.8 1.9
Medication: Omeprazole 0.6 0.7 2.0 1.0 -1.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.7 1.9 4.4 0.8 0.2 -2.1 -1.2 -1.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.7 -0.2
Heart disease (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.2
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.4 1.3 0.4
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.6 2.1 -1.4 -0.7 0.3 0.6 0.1
Leg fat mass (right) 0.2 1.0 3.7 -1.9 -0.4 0.6 0.8 0.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.8 1.9 -1.4 -1.4 0.4 0.3 0.0
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.3 3.9 -2.0 0.9 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.4 6.0 0.6 -2.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.2
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 1.2 3.4 0.7 -1.8 0.4 0.9 1.0
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.7 2.7 0.4 1.6 0.2 -0.5 0.5
Overall health rating 0.8 1.7 4.9 2.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.7 -1.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2
Had major operations 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0
Age at last live birth 0.6 0.9 3.4 -1.8 0.6 0.3 -0.3 0.7
Family relationship satisfaction 2.2 2.7 4.0 -1.4 -1.4 1.7 2.0 1.7
Leg pain on walking 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.8 0.5 0.8 0.1 1.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 2.1 -1.4 0.3 0.9 0.1 1.0
Medication: Aspirin 4.0 5.3 8.0 -0.7 -2.3 2.8 2.8 2.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 2.2 -0.5 -0.8 1.2 1.5 1.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.9 5.4 7.7 -1.1 -2.8 2.4 2.6 2.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.3
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.2 1.7 2.0 1.2 -1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 0.0
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.1 2.8 -0.6 -0.7 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 0.9 2.8 -1.7 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.9 -1.7 -1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.3 1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 3.5 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.9 -0.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1
Mood swings 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 0.3
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.8 1.8 -0.9 -0.1 1.1 0.5 1.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.5 0.8 1.7 -0.4 -1.3 -0.5 0.1 -1.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.8 1.7 -1.1 -0.3 1.3 0.1 0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Friendships satisfaction 1.7 2.1 2.6 -1.6 -1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.3 3.6 5.8 -2.1 -1.0 2.4 1.4 2.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.7 1.3 -0.7 -0.0 0.2 -0.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.8 2.1 2.8 -1.4 -1.1 1.6 1.7 1.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.5 0.8 2.0 0.1 -1.0 0.7 1.4 0.7
Medication for cholesterol 0.6 1.0 2.0 1.4 -0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2
Back pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.7 4.8 2.2 -1.1 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.7 1.0 3.3 1.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.9 -1.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Medication: Aspirin 5.4 7.0 10.4 -1.0 -2.6 3.1 3.2 2.7
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.2 3.9 5.9 1.2 2.2 -2.0 -2.4 -1.8
Smoking status: Current 2.5 4.0 15.8 4.0 0.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.3 2.8 7.1 -0.7 2.7 -0.9 -2.1 -1.1
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.8 2.6 -1.6 -1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.0 3.2 -1.8 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.2 -1.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.9 1.5 3.3 -0.6 -1.8 1.3 1.1 0.9
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 1.1 0.5 -0.3 0.3
Miserableness 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2
Guilty feelings 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.8 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.6 1.5 0.7 -1.0 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.7 1.0 -0.4 -1.2 0.6
Hearing aid user 1.6 1.8 4.3 -2.1 0.0 1.4 0.8 1.5
Mother’s age at death 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.3 0.6
Financial situation satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.9 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.7 -0.0 -1.3 0.6 0.9 0.4
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.5
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.5 2.0 4.1 -1.6 2.0 -0.3 -1.7 -0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.3 2.3 4.6 -1.3 -2.1 1.4 1.3 1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.6 1.0 1.5 -1.0 -0.4 1.2 0.9 1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.8 1.9 0.4 -0.5 1.1 1.4 0.6
Medication: Lisinopril 4.6 5.9 11.2 -3.4 -0.8 2.7 2.4 2.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 2.0 2.4 5.9 -2.1 -2.4 0.4 1.1 0.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 3.3 4.1 6.2 -1.6 -2.5 1.6 2.0 2.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 1.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0
Ever smoked 0.8 1.5 5.2 2.3 0.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 0.8 2.8 -1.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.8 2.4 -1.5 -0.2 0.6 1.0 0.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.8 -1.7 -1.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 2.7 3.8 6.9 1.2 0.9 -2.6 -2.2 -2.2
Irritability 1.0 1.7 5.4 -0.4 -2.3 0.7 1.2 1.0
Risk taking 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.7 -0.2 0.9 1.0 0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.6 1.9 5.8 -2.4 1.5 1.0 -0.1 0.6
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.3 1.6 2.6 -0.0 1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 4.0 8.3 1.1 -2.9 1.5 2.1 1.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 2.3 2.9 7.0 0.0 -2.6 0.9 1.7 1.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.2 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 1.4 -1.0 1.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1
Myopia 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.4 -0.8 0.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 3.1 8.5 11.5 1.1 3.4 -3.2 -3.2 -3.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.5 1.6 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 2.0 -1.4 0.9 0.2 -0.3 0.6
Supplements: Calcium 2.1 2.4 4.7 -1.1 -0.7 2.2 1.4 1.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.7 0.3 0.3 -1.0 0.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.9 0.4 -2.0 1.1 0.8 0.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -0.5
Heart disease (siblings) 0.7 0.8 2.0 -0.8 -1.4 0.3 0.8 0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.8
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.7 7.7 2.8 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.8 3.3 -1.8 -0.4 0.4 0.7 0.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.4 -1.6 -1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.1