Hub : Genes

THBS2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2650 0.0490 4.8e-09 0.137 0.097 0.182 0.172 0.180 2.3e-16 8.2e-12 1.3e-21 2.2e-20 2.0e-21
2 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.1430 0.0560 9.6e-03 0.001 NA 0.019 NA -0.002 3.0e-01 NA 3.1e-02 NA 4.1e-01
3 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.3649 0.0509 6.7e-16 0.124 0.154 0.206 0.196 0.184 1.2e-15 2.8e-19 6.1e-26 1.3e-24 4.1e-23
4 TCGA Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma 0.0450 0.0220 5.0e-03 0.003 0.022 0.005 NA 0.007 1.5e-01 5.1e-03 1.1e-01 NA 7.3e-02
5 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0185 0.0091 5.8e-03 0.007 0.012 0.008 NA 0.008 8.9e-03 1.0e-03 7.8e-03 NA 6.7e-03
6 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0473 0.0241 9.4e-03 0.033 0.003 0.029 NA 0.023 1.1e-04 1.3e-01 2.8e-04 NA 9.7e-04
7 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0452 0.0217 1.1e-03 0.001 0.021 0.033 NA 0.018 2.2e-01 1.6e-03 8.9e-05 NA 3.3e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 1.3 -0.9 0.7 -1.1 0.7 1.0 -1.1 0.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.4 0.9 2.2 -1.0 0.5 -1.5 0.2 0.9 -1.2 0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 1.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 1.0 2.9 1.7 1.1 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -1.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.0 1.0 -0.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.0
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 -1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.7 2.0 5.4 1.8 -0.3 2.3 -0.1 -0.4 2.2 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.0 1.1 2.2 1.0 0.9 1.5 -0.3 -1.3 0.5 1.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.2 1.8 4.9 1.6 0.0 2.2 -0.0 -0.7 1.9 0.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 1.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.6 1.1 2.5 -0.6 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.5 -0.7 1.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.8
Reaction Time 0.5 0.9 2.0 1.1 0.3 1.4 0.6 -0.0 1.4 0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 0.9 2.2 0.9 1.5 0.0 1.0 -1.3 -0.4 -0.7
Breast Cancer 1.5 3.7 8.0 2.5 -0.7 1.1 -2.5 -2.8 0.1 -1.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.6 0.8 2.0 -0.1 0.9 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.7 1.4
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.4 1.3 -0.8 1.1 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.8 0.9 2.9 0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 1.7 -1.4
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.2 1.4 0.0 0.8 -0.8 -0.5 0.3
HbA1C 0.7 0.8 2.1 -1.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.9 -0.5 1.1
HDL Cholesterol 1.6 2.7 7.9 1.0 -2.0 0.6 -2.0 -0.5 1.1 -2.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.9 2.0 -0.4 -1.4 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.4 -0.7
Lupus 1.0 1.6 5.1 -1.2 0.2 -0.3 1.4 2.3 0.4 1.4
Neuroticism (2016) 1.2 1.7 4.7 -2.2 0.6 -1.9 0.9 0.6 -1.2 1.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.7 1.0 2.5 -1.6 0.2 -0.5 0.6 1.3 -1.3 0.9
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.5 4.7 -0.3 1.5 2.2 -0.6 0.8 0.8 1.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.5 1.0 2.5 -1.3 0.6 -1.6 -0.1 0.8 -1.2 0.6
Triglycerides 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.7 2.0 4.0 1.6 -1.6 1.3 -1.2 -1.0 0.9 -2.0
Ulcerative Colitis 1.1 1.5 3.3 -0.1 1.6 1.3 1.8 1.1 0.1 1.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 1.0 2.7 0.8 -1.6 0.4 -0.9 0.1 0.2 -1.6
Blood Platelet Count 0.3 3.0 7.1 -1.7 -1.2 -2.2 0.7 1.9 -2.7 -0.8
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.9 4.7 1.9 -0.3 1.1 -0.9 -2.2 0.5 -1.5
Blood White Count 0.5 3.4 13.9 -1.7 0.1 -1.7 0.9 3.7 -1.8 0.6
Heel T-Score 0.4 3.1 11.5 -0.6 0.9 2.0 1.7 3.4 1.4 0.7
BMI 0.2 1.1 2.8 0.8 -0.0 1.3 -1.3 -1.7 0.4 0.8
Height 0.7 12.9 35.5 1.9 -4.1 -0.8 -5.1 -6.0 -0.4 -2.9
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.5 6.7 12.5 -3.1 0.8 -1.5 3.5 3.5 -2.1 2.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.8 9.0 23.3 -1.5 4.8 -2.1 3.2 3.1 -2.4 2.7
Smoking Status 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 2.0 1.0 -1.3 1.4 0.8 0.2 1.1 -0.3
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.7 1.5 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.2 0.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.3 1.0 -1.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 1.0
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.1 3.5 -1.9 -0.4 -1.4 0.1 0.8 -0.9 0.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.9 1.8 4.3 -2.0 0.9 -2.1 0.6 -0.4 -1.5 0.8
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.6 3.0 4.7 -2.1 1.1 -1.6 1.8 1.3 -1.8 2.2
Lung FVC 5.1 26.2 69.1 3.9 -3.8 0.2 -8.3 -7.5 -0.1 -5.3
Neuroticism 0.2 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.4
Chronotype (morning person) 0.1 0.3 1.3 1.1 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.4
Hair Pigment 0.0 1.2 3.3 1.7 0.4 1.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -1.1
Tanning 0.1 0.9 2.5 -1.1 1.2 -0.2 0.0 0.9 0.7 1.6
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.7 3.9 0.4 -0.7 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -2.0
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.7 1.3 5.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 1.2 -0.2 -2.4 1.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.9 1.1 3.1 1.4 -0.5 1.7 0.2 -0.4 1.4 -0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.6 1.0 4.1 -0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.8 0.1 2.0 0.9
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 2.2 -0.4 0.2 -1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.8 1.2 2.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.5 -0.9 0.3 -1.4 -0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.8 1.7 3.8 -1.6 -1.9 -1.4 0.4 1.1 -1.4 -0.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.2 1.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.4
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 4.9 5.5 9.5 2.6 -1.8 2.1 -3.1 -2.8 1.3 -2.3
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.6 7.4 22.5 -1.4 4.7 -0.4 3.0 3.2 -0.5 2.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 1.2 1.3
Angina 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.7 1.8 0.9 0.6 1.4 0.6 -0.1 0.9 1.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.9 -1.1 1.0 -0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.2
Supplements: Zinc 0.9 1.0 3.6 1.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.0 -1.9 0.9 -0.5
Medication: Co-codamol 0.9 1.0 3.1 1.0 -0.8 1.4 -0.7 -1.8 0.4 0.2
Medication: Metformin 0.8 1.1 3.0 -1.7 0.7 -1.7 -0.3 0.0 -1.2 0.2
Diabetes (father) 1.2 1.5 4.5 -1.0 -0.7 -1.8 0.7 -0.2 -2.1 -0.7
Diabetes (mother) 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.2 -0.7 -0.2 1.4 -0.9
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.6 1.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 2.0 6.1 -1.9 -0.1 -2.5 -0.2 0.5 -2.0 0.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.1 9.4 1.2 -2.1 0.6 -2.2 -3.1 0.2 -1.3
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.4 17.1 0.4 -1.5 -0.6 -3.5 -4.1 -2.3 -0.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.0 4.8 0.6 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.2 1.1 -2.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.7 2.3 3.8 -1.3 2.0 -1.1 1.2 0.9 -2.0 1.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.7 -1.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7 0.9 0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.5
Fed-up feelings 0.5 0.9 2.7 -0.5 -0.8 -1.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -0.5
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.7 -1.0 -0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.1 -1.3 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 1.2 1.8 4.5 -1.8 0.4 -1.9 0.4 1.0 -2.1 -0.1
Taking other prescription medications 1.0 1.5 3.8 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7 0.2 -2.0 1.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.8 4.1 -0.1 2.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.4 1.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.3 1.5 4.4 2.1 1.1 1.7 0.7 0.0 1.1 -0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.1 -1.1 -1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.6 2.1 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.9
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.4 1.9 6.9 -1.1 -0.1 -2.6 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 0.1
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.6 0.7 2.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.4 0.6 -0.4 -1.2 0.3
High blood pressure 0.2 0.5 1.7 0.1 -1.3 0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.7
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.2 -0.8 0.4 1.1 0.2 0.2 -0.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.0 2.5 -0.7 -0.0 -1.6 -0.2 -0.4 -1.4 -1.2
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.2 1.0 -0.2 -0.5 1.1 0.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 4.8 0.3 -1.0 0.8 -0.3 -2.2 0.6 0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.7 0.8 3.1 1.5 -0.3 1.8 0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.4 1.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.2
Sitting height 0.6 4.0 11.1 0.5 -1.6 -0.7 -2.6 -3.3 -0.6 -2.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.0 1.1 3.9 0.5 -1.5 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1 0.2 -2.0
High blood pressure (mother) 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.3 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.5 1.5 -1.2
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.5 1.5 -0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9 0.8
Impedance of leg (left) 0.5 2.2 5.9 -1.9 0.5 -2.4 0.2 0.5 -2.3 0.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.1 9.1 1.2 -2.1 0.6 -2.2 -3.0 0.3 -1.3
Trunk fat mass 1.0 4.5 15.5 0.4 -1.3 -0.4 -3.1 -3.9 -1.9 -0.5
Waist circumference 0.3 0.9 3.7 -1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -1.9 0.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.8 3.3 0.1 1.1 0.4 0.2 1.8 0.7 0.8
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 2.4 1.6 -0.0 0.9 -0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.0
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.5 -1.0 -0.0 -0.8 -0.6 0.0 -0.6
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.9 3.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -1.9 0.0 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 0.0 1.0 0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.2 1.6 3.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.4 -0.1 1.5 -0.0 -0.4
Had menopause 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.1 -1.1 0.9 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.1
Had other major operations 1.2 1.4 3.6 1.3 -0.4 1.4 -1.1 -1.9 0.6 -0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 5.3 20.6 42.5 2.3 -4.8 -1.3 -6.5 -6.4 -0.6 -5.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 1.3 0.2 1.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 2.0 6.4 0.7 2.5 1.9 0.9 0.3 0.8 1.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.3 0.7 -1.0 1.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.8
Heart attack 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 1.2
Allergy 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 1.0 1.1 1.9 -1.1 1.4 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.5 0.8 2.2 -1.5 0.5 -1.1 0.3 0.6 -0.9 0.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.8 -1.7 -0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.0
Medication: Ramipril 0.9 1.1 1.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 1.4
Medication: Simvastatin 0.9 1.3 4.8 0.6 -1.6 -0.5 -2.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.3 3.2 -0.7 0.5 -1.5 1.8 -0.5 -1.6 -0.0
Illnesses of siblings 1.4 2.0 6.7 -2.6 -1.3 -1.6 -0.3 1.2 -1.2 0.6
Neuroticism score 0.1 0.3 1.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1
Weight 0.5 2.2 9.0 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -2.0 -3.0 -1.1 -0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.9 4.1 8.9 0.2 -2.1 -1.7 -2.9 -3.0 -1.4 -1.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.3 8.2 0.4 -1.0 0.2 -2.2 -2.9 -1.5 0.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 1.6 0.8 -0.9 0.9 -0.7 -1.3 0.7 -0.7
Hip circumference 0.7 3.0 11.2 0.7 -1.2 0.3 -2.2 -3.3 -1.2 -1.1
Time employed in main current job 0.9 1.0 1.7 0.8 -1.0 -0.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.3 1.1 0.1
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.3 -0.4 1.1 0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.6 1.1 3.8 -1.5 0.0 -1.9 0.7 0.6 -0.7 -0.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.3 3.0 -1.2 0.3 -1.7 -0.0 -0.5 -1.6 1.3
Falls in the last year 2.3 3.2 6.0 -2.4 0.8 -2.4 1.3 2.1 -1.4 1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.8 1.2 2.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 -0.3 -1.3 1.0 0.8
Number of live births 2.3 3.3 8.8 0.5 -1.0 -0.3 -2.6 -3.0 -1.6 -1.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 4.7 15.7 33.5 2.1 -4.1 -1.2 -5.4 -5.8 -0.9 -4.9
Pulse rate 1.3 2.3 4.1 -2.0 1.7 -0.3 1.6 1.8 -1.5 1.0
Happiness 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 0.5
Noisy workplace 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.8 0.9 -0.7 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.2 2.5 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3 0.7 0.5 -1.0 -1.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.2 -0.8
Asthma 1.2 2.4 6.6 -2.6 0.4 -2.2 1.1 1.1 -1.5 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.0 3.5 0.6 -1.1 0.8 -0.8 -1.9 -0.4 -0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.6 0.9 1.8 1.4 -0.2 1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.9 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 -1.1 -0.0 0.3
Prospective memory result 0.8 1.0 3.6 0.6 -0.6 1.4 -1.9 -0.5 0.8 0.3
Lung cancer (father) 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.6 1.0 0.9 -0.5 -1.4 0.9 -0.3
Illnesses of mother 2.7 3.3 6.0 -2.0 0.7 -1.1 2.2 1.2 -2.4 2.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 3.9 12.5 28.2 1.8 -3.9 -1.2 -5.3 -5.0 -0.8 -3.7
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.3 2.8 -0.5 1.4 0.2 1.6 1.3 0.2 1.7
Impedance of arm (left) 1.1 5.2 10.8 0.2 -2.3 -2.0 -3.1 -3.3 -1.7 -2.0
Arm fat mass (right) 0.6 2.3 9.2 0.5 -0.9 0.2 -2.1 -3.0 -1.2 -0.0
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 0.9 1.7 0.9 -1.0 1.0 -0.8 -1.3 0.9 -0.7
Standing height 0.7 7.2 17.2 0.9 -2.8 -1.1 -3.5 -4.2 -0.7 -3.2
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.5 1.5 -0.6 -0.0 -0.9 1.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.6 0.7 2.3 1.4 0.6 1.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.2 1.9 3.6 -1.9 0.6 -1.4 0.9 1.8 -0.2 1.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.1 -0.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.9 2.1 5.3 1.7 2.0 2.3 0.1 0.2 1.6 -0.2
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.8 1.9 -0.5 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 -0.3 -0.9
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.6 3.6 10.0 1.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.2 -3.2 -1.5 -2.7
Pulse wave reflection index 1.4 1.7 7.4 -0.8 -2.7 -0.7 -1.6 -0.8 0.3 0.1
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.2 1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.9 1.0 2.4 1.0 0.7 1.6 -0.2 -0.8 1.2 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.6 3.6 -1.3 -1.3 -1.9 0.8 -0.6 -1.7 -0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.9 0.3 1.4 0.2 -0.0 1.2 -0.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 3.8 4.9 8.9 2.2 -2.9 1.7 -2.7 -3.0 0.7 -1.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 2.6 -0.4 0.3 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 -1.6 0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.8 1.3 3.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.7 1.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.6
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 0.3 0.4 -1.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 1.1 0.2 -0.0
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.7 0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 1.0 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4
Medication: Amlodipine 0.6 0.9 2.6 1.6 0.7 1.3 0.9 0.0 0.4 -0.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.5 2.0 6.4 -2.5 -1.1 -1.8 0.3 1.1 -1.1 0.6
Birth weight 0.4 0.9 1.9 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4 0.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.5 0.6 2.2 -1.0 -0.0 -1.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.9
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.7 2.1 1.4 1.3 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 -0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 4.2 15.3 38.1 2.1 -4.4 -1.2 -6.2 -5.3 -0.2 -4.0
Body fat percentage 0.9 3.6 10.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.7 -2.6 -3.3 -2.4 0.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.4 4.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -2.1 1.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.8 2.7 0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 -1.6 0.4 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.1 2.6 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 1.6 1.4 -0.2 1.6
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -1.0 -0.5 0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.6 1.4 -0.5 0.6 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -1.2 0.0 1.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.0 3.5 9.8 -3.1 0.5 -2.6 1.1 1.1 -2.2 0.8
Number of children fathered 1.0 1.1 2.0 -1.4 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -1.2 -1.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 2.3 2.7 7.3 2.7 -0.4 2.2 -0.9 -1.7 1.6 -0.7
Age at first live birth 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 1.0 -0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.6 1.8 4.0 0.7 -1.4 -0.4 -1.8 -1.7 -0.3 -2.0
Health satisfaction 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 0.8
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.9 4.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -2.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.9 2.5 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 0.9 1.6 1.6 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 0.4 -0.6 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.9 1.5 0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.5
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.4 -1.1 0.2 -1.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.6 1.0 4.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 1.6 2.1 0.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.4 2.0 4.2 -1.8 1.4 -2.0 1.3 1.5 -0.4 0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 1.1
Angina (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 1.5 1.9 10.0 0.6 -3.2 0.9 -0.7 0.5 1.1 -0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.6 0.7 0.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 0.9 2.1 -1.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.1 0.4 0.5 0.7
Medication: Omeprazole 1.3 1.6 5.6 -0.1 -2.4 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.9 -0.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.7 2.0 3.6 1.6 -0.3 1.5 -1.9 -0.3 1.6 -1.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.4 0.7 1.7 0.9 0.0 1.3 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.9
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -1.2
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8
Whole body fat mass 0.8 3.2 11.2 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -2.5 -3.3 -1.9 -0.0
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.2 2.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -1.7 -1.7 0.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.5 2.7 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -1.6 0.1 -0.4
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.3 1.0 4.4 -1.0 2.1 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.6 3.1 6.2 -0.3 -2.5 -1.4 -2.5 -2.2 -0.2 -1.6
Number of full sisters 1.2 1.5 5.6 -0.1 -0.1 -2.4 0.2 -0.6 -2.1 -0.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.0 1.5 2.8 1.1 -1.2 0.5 -1.7 -0.9 1.3 -1.5
Overall health rating 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.3 0.9
Chest pain or discomfort 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.7
Had major operations 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.0 -0.6 1.0 0.8
Age at last live birth 0.9 1.3 3.8 -0.7 -1.9 -1.3 -0.8 0.1 0.1 -1.6
Family relationship satisfaction 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.9 -0.2 0.3
Leg pain on walking 1.0 1.2 6.5 0.1 -1.0 -0.5 -2.5 -0.8 -0.4 -0.4
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.7 2.0 6.5 -0.1 -0.3 -2.5 0.2 -0.5 -2.4 -1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 -1.1 0.6 1.2 -0.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.9 1.1 3.8 -1.9 0.4 -1.0 -0.2 1.2 -0.1 1.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.1 1.3 2.8 -1.5 0.1 -1.7 1.1 0.8 -1.2 0.4
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.9 6.8 1.1 -0.8 0.5 -2.0 -2.6 -0.3 0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.4 1.6 -0.0 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.5
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.7 0.2 0.4 1.7 1.0 0.2 0.6
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.0 1.2 3.3 -0.0 -1.3 -1.3 0.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.8
Smoking status: Previous 0.9 1.3 4.2 -2.1 0.6 -1.1 0.9 1.4 -0.5 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 2.4 4.9 12.7 2.3 -1.6 0.4 -2.0 -2.8 1.2 -3.6
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.5 4.4 1.0 -1.3 0.8 -1.3 -2.1 0.5 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.8 9.5 1.2 -1.8 0.6 -1.8 -3.1 0.2 -1.3
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.8 10.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.0 -2.2 -3.2 -1.7 -0.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.8 2.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.8 -1.4 -1.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 1.0 0.8 0.2 1.2
Mood swings 0.5 0.9 2.2 -0.9 1.5 -0.8 0.5 0.4 -0.3 1.4
Loneliness, isolation 0.4 0.6 2.6 0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.6 -0.9 -0.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.6 2.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 1.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.4 2.0 -0.5 -1.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.9 2.8 -1.7 0.9 -1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.0 1.1 2.9 -0.4 -0.5 0.8 -1.7 -0.0 1.6 1.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.2 -1.3 0.1 -0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.7 2.6 7.6 1.8 -0.6 2.8 -0.4 -0.5 2.5 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.7 0.7 1.6 0.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.6 0.7 1.2 -1.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.6 1.0 1.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.8 0.4 -1.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.2 4.3 -1.2 0.7 -0.1 2.1 1.2 -0.0 1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 0.9 -0.0 -0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.8 2.1 7.9 1.6 0.6 2.8 -0.1 -0.6 1.9 -0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 1.4 2.7 7.4 -2.7 0.6 -2.2 1.3 1.5 -1.5 0.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 5.5 -0.2 -1.6 -1.1 -1.4 -2.4 -2.0 0.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.4 0.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 1.3
Medication: Gliclazide 2.2 2.5 6.1 -1.0 2.2 -0.4 1.6 1.7 0.4 2.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.7 1.0 1.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 1.2
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.9 -0.8 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.5 5.3 11.6 1.1 -2.2 -1.1 -3.4 -3.3 -0.9 -2.6
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.6 4.5 1.1 -1.3 0.8 -1.3 -2.1 0.6 -0.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.7 9.3 1.2 -1.7 0.6 -1.8 -3.1 0.2 -1.3
Arm fat mass (left) 0.6 2.5 9.3 0.6 -1.0 0.1 -2.2 -3.0 -1.4 -0.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.8 1.4 3.6 -1.4 -1.9 -1.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 1.4
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.8 1.0 3.0 -0.9 -1.7 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.9 -0.4
Miserableness 0.6 1.0 4.4 -0.0 2.1 -0.3 1.5 0.2 0.5 0.0
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 1.1 -0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.2 -0.2 0.2
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.5
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.4 2.4 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5 0.3
Mother’s age at death 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1
Financial situation satisfaction 1.4 1.7 3.7 0.7 -1.8 0.4 -1.9 -1.6 0.1 -1.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.7 3.1 8.8 -2.5 -0.3 -1.2 1.7 3.0 -0.4 1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.9 0.5 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -1.1 -1.4 -0.5 -0.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -1.2 -0.7 0.2 1.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.2 4.3 0.3 1.2 -0.5 2.1 -0.4 -1.5 0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 0.7 0.9 2.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.6 1.4 1.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.9 1.1 4.7 0.1 2.2 0.5 1.3 -0.3 -0.1 1.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.8 1.0 1.8 -1.3 1.3 -0.9 1.0 1.0 -0.8 0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.0 2.4 9.7 0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -3.1 -1.2 -1.7
Ever smoked 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.4
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.9 6.2 1.0 -1.4 0.7 -1.6 -2.5 0.2 -1.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.4 4.9 -1.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.1 -2.2 1.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.1 0.7 -1.0 0.7 -1.0 -1.8 0.1 -0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.6 3.9 9.3 2.8 -0.8 2.6 -1.3 -3.0 0.7 -0.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1
Irritability 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.8 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.6
Risk taking 1.4 2.0 4.6 -1.0 1.9 -0.3 1.9 0.8 -0.5 2.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.2 1.4 3.2 -1.8 -1.5 -1.7 -0.1 1.2 -0.6 -0.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.0 2.6 -1.3 0.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.0 -1.6 0.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.8 1.9 -0.3 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 4.0 12.3 23.2 2.0 -4.8 2.0 -4.4 -2.9 2.0 -4.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.0 1.2 2.3 -1.5 -0.9 -1.4 0.3 0.7 -1.4 0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.9 1.1 2.3 -0.9 1.5 -1.2 1.1 -0.5 -1.0 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.9
Myopia 0.9 1.3 5.4 -0.2 -2.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.6 0.3 -1.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.0 1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.0 0.5 -1.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 1.4
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.3 -1.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.1 0.5
Pain experienced in last month 1.9 3.1 8.7 3.0 0.2 2.7 -0.8 -0.8 1.9 -0.9
Supplements: Calcium 1.0 1.1 3.8 -1.0 0.5 -1.3 -0.1 -0.8 -1.9 0.4
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.9 -1.5 0.1 -1.7 1.0 0.7 -1.2 0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.5 0.4 1.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.2 1.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 4.1 5.3 9.8 2.2 -3.1 1.7 -3.0 -2.9 0.9 -1.4
Heart disease (siblings) 1.4 1.7 2.7 1.6 -0.4 1.2 -1.6 -1.2 1.0 -1.6
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.4 1.3 0.7 0.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.9
Impedance of whole body 0.6 3.0 5.0 -0.6 -1.3 -2.2 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.2 3.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.7 -1.7 0.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.7 2.2 0.4 -1.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.5 0.3 -0.3