Hub : Genes

TIMP4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1070 0.0300 4.4e-07 0.055 0.054 0.050 0.061 0.058 2.9e-07 3.4e-07 9.2e-07 6.8e-08 1.2e-07
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.2047 0.0442 1.1e-09 0.243 NA 0.221 NA 0.237 4.8e-19 NA 3.0e-17 NA 1.6e-18
3 GTEx Brain Hypothalamus 0.2430 0.0810 1.6e-03 0.103 NA 0.088 NA 0.108 2.1e-03 NA 4.3e-03 NA 1.7e-03
4 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.1670 0.0630 2.9e-03 0.064 NA 0.067 NA 0.070 3.4e-04 NA 2.5e-04 NA 1.9e-04
5 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.1063 0.0968 1.6e-01 -0.008 NA -0.005 NA -0.012 5.6e-01 NA 4.4e-01 NA 8.1e-01
6 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.4038 0.0952 2.2e-04 -0.004 NA 0.036 NA 0.064 4.5e-01 NA 3.1e-02 NA 5.7e-03
7 METSIM Adipose 0.0564 0.0172 3.9e-06 0.029 0.028 0.012 0.026 0.016 2.7e-05 4.6e-05 6.0e-03 8.4e-05 1.4e-03
8 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0672 0.0200 1.4e-06 0.054 0.039 0.051 0.044 0.058 1.5e-07 8.5e-06 3.5e-07 2.1e-06 5.5e-08
9 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0373 0.0197 1.4e-03 0.009 0.024 0.030 NA 0.025 2.8e-02 9.4e-04 2.3e-04 NA 6.8e-04
10 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0254 0.0160 9.9e-03 0.031 0.024 0.013 NA 0.023 3.1e-04 1.4e-03 1.3e-02 NA 1.7e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.7 4.3 9.7 0.9 0.4 1.8 -2.8 -3.1 -2.0 -3.1 1.3 0.6 2.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 3.5 8.5 21.5 2.3 2.7 3.5 -2.2 -3.5 -1.1 -4.6 3.0 2.6 2.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.5 3.3 8.8 2.1 2.1 3.0 -0.1 0.3 -1.2 -1.7 2.2 2.0 1.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.4 3.2 1.6 1.8 1.4 -0.8 0.9 -0.6 -0.1 1.1 1.7 0.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.9 5.9 15.0 -3.9 -3.0 -3.3 0.6 1.1 -0.6 1.6 -3.1 -3.1 -0.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 4.2 9.9 16.5 3.4 2.5 4.1 -2.3 -0.9 -2.8 -3.3 3.8 3.9 3.2
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.8 5.7 11.9 2.3 3.1 3.0 -0.6 -2.0 0.2 -3.4 2.8 2.9 0.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.4 1.2 0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.4 1.0 0.4 0.5 -1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 7.2 15.2 23.2 4.7 3.6 4.6 -3.2 -1.8 -2.5 -4.3 4.8 4.7 3.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.3 1.6 5.4 -0.9 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 2.3 -0.8 -1.2 -2.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 6.7 7.2 14.4 -2.9 -3.5 -3.6 0.2 0.9 0.0 2.7 -3.7 -3.8 -1.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.9 4.1 9.5 -1.8 -2.5 -2.5 0.0 0.6 0.4 3.1 -2.2 -2.4 -2.4
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.8 5.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 0.9 -0.4 2.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 -0.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.5 1.3 7.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 1.8 0.4 2.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.9
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.4 0.7 2.4 -0.5 0.9 -0.3 1.4 0.4 1.5 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -1.2
Major Depression (MDD) 1.1 1.3 5.9 0.9 1.3 1.2 -1.3 -0.5 -2.4 -0.8 0.7 0.9 -0.2
Reaction Time 4.7 8.9 14.6 3.8 3.6 3.5 -3.0 -2.3 -2.7 -2.9 3.5 2.6 0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 2.2 5.3 10.8 -3.3 -2.6 -3.3 1.4 1.6 0.7 1.3 -3.3 -2.7 -0.8
Breast Cancer 0.6 1.6 7.8 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -2.8 -1.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.6 -0.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.9 -0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.3
Prostate Cancer 3.0 4.2 12.3 -0.4 -0.6 1.0 -3.1 -2.3 -3.5 -1.8 0.6 -0.2 3.0
Age at First Birth 0.8 1.2 3.0 -0.2 -0.7 -1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.5 -0.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 3.1 3.0 7.1 1.7 1.2 1.9 -0.8 -1.7 -0.5 -2.7 1.9 2.2 1.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.5 0.1 1.2 1.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.8
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.6 1.9 3.3 -1.2 -0.4 -1.6 1.3 -0.5 1.2 1.8 -1.8 -1.5 -1.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.7 1.2 4.4 0.6 0.5 -0.3 1.7 1.1 2.1 -0.6 -0.1 1.4 -0.5
Mean Putamen Volume 0.7 0.8 3.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.7 -1.1 -1.0 -0.3 0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.8 1.0 3.6 1.9 0.7 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 -1.1
HbA1C 1.8 2.0 7.8 0.6 1.0 0.4 2.8 1.7 2.3 1.1 0.1 0.6 -0.7
HDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 3.9 -1.8 -1.0 -1.8 0.1 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -2.0 -0.6 -0.0
LDL Cholesterol 2.2 3.5 11.7 1.4 2.4 0.4 3.0 3.4 0.2 1.7 0.6 1.3 -1.2
Lupus 1.6 2.4 5.8 2.0 2.4 1.6 -0.7 0.1 1.1 -1.5 1.8 2.1 -0.5
Neuroticism (2016) 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.7 -0.1 1.1 -0.3 0.2 -1.3 -0.0 0.9 0.3 1.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 2.4 3.4 6.7 1.9 2.4 2.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 -2.2 2.6 2.2 1.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.5 3.4 8.1 2.2 2.8 1.7 -1.4 -0.3 1.3 -2.4 1.8 2.4 -0.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 3.0 6.5 11.0 2.4 2.9 3.3 -1.2 -2.8 -0.5 -3.3 3.1 2.7 1.7
Triglycerides 2.7 4.5 11.6 2.9 3.4 2.0 1.8 1.7 0.4 1.4 2.1 2.2 -1.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 3.1 3.6 13.7 2.5 2.5 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.4 2.5 1.4 0.8 -3.7
Ulcerative Colitis 0.9 1.4 6.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 2.0 1.3 2.5 0.1 -0.0 0.5 -0.9
Blood Eosinophil Count 3.9 30.0 56.2 7.5 3.1 6.2 -2.1 -5.0 -3.6 -7.5 6.3 3.1 7.0
Blood Platelet Count 1.7 20.1 39.8 5.0 3.9 6.3 4.5 0.5 1.0 -6.0 4.6 4.3 5.0
Blood Red Count 1.4 13.1 58.7 -1.5 0.4 -1.5 3.5 -0.1 5.4 4.4 -2.1 -1.7 -7.7
Blood White Count 1.4 10.3 23.0 4.5 4.8 4.2 3.5 0.2 1.2 -2.5 3.4 3.1 -0.9
Heel T-Score 0.5 3.8 8.4 2.2 1.4 1.2 -2.2 -1.4 -1.4 -2.3 2.9 2.5 1.2
BMI 1.4 8.3 23.3 0.4 2.1 3.4 -3.1 -4.8 -4.1 -3.6 1.9 0.9 0.7
Height 0.1 2.6 9.4 -1.1 0.3 0.3 2.2 3.1 -1.2 2.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 6.3 28.4 47.2 6.8 6.4 6.9 5.3 5.6 1.9 -1.5 6.5 6.4 0.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.8 4.0 11.5 1.6 1.2 0.3 2.1 3.0 2.7 3.4 0.8 0.9 -1.4
Smoking Status 0.6 1.5 5.6 0.2 0.0 -0.7 -1.5 -2.4 -1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.6 1.7 0.9 -1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.3 1.3
Cardiovascular Disease 2.0 6.5 16.1 3.7 4.0 3.2 -0.2 1.2 -1.1 0.4 3.2 3.3 -1.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 14.4 33.0 64.2 6.8 6.7 8.0 -4.2 -3.5 -4.1 -5.1 7.6 6.1 2.7
Respiratory disease 0.4 0.9 6.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 0.3 -0.7 2.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 3.4 6.4 17.6 4.2 3.4 1.6 -1.0 -2.2 0.0 1.1 2.1 1.9 -4.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.4 6.6 -0.5 0.2 0.5 1.9 2.6 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.2
Lung FVC 1.3 6.5 12.0 -3.0 -2.5 -3.5 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.3 -3.3 -2.7 -0.4
Neuroticism 4.4 10.6 18.8 3.5 2.9 4.3 -2.1 -0.9 -3.0 -3.3 3.9 3.9 3.3
Chronotype (morning person) 2.4 5.6 17.4 -1.7 -2.1 -4.2 0.5 0.5 0.0 3.7 -2.6 -2.8 -1.5
Hair Pigment 0.1 3.3 6.6 2.3 1.3 2.0 -1.6 -2.2 0.6 -2.6 2.2 1.0 1.1
Tanning 0.2 2.3 4.4 1.9 1.2 1.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.9 -1.6 1.4 0.9 2.1
Hand grip strength (left) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.4 0.7 3.4 1.9 1.3 0.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 -1.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.4 2.0 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.5 0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.2 3.7 6.5 1.9 2.1 2.5 -1.6 -1.6 -2.1 -1.5 2.2 2.2 1.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.4 2.0 5.1 2.2 1.5 1.8 -1.0 0.2 -1.1 -0.4 1.6 1.6 1.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.4 3.6 10.5 -2.6 -3.2 -2.5 0.2 -0.5 -1.5 0.4 -2.1 -2.2 0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 1.0 2.4 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 1.3 1.1 -0.1 1.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 3.9 5.0 11.3 2.2 3.4 1.8 -1.6 -2.9 -1.5 -2.8 2.2 2.1 0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.3 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 -1.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.7 3.0 8.2 2.3 2.9 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.4 1.7 2.6 -1.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.7 1.9 6.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 2.5 1.8 1.8 2.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.1 1.2 3.6 1.6 1.1 0.6 -1.2 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 -1.9
Angina 1.3 1.7 8.1 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.6 -1.5 -0.8 -2.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.7 2.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.6 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.7 3.7 18.4 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 2.9 4.3 1.1 2.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6
Supplements: Zinc 2.6 2.8 10.8 0.6 -0.2 0.5 -3.3 -3.3 -1.8 -0.4 0.6 -0.5 1.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6
Medication: Metformin 2.0 2.9 8.6 2.9 2.0 1.0 0.2 -1.7 0.3 0.5 1.5 1.1 -2.9
Diabetes (father) 1.0 1.3 2.9 1.2 0.7 -0.0 1.4 0.6 1.3 1.7 0.9 -0.1 -1.7
Diabetes (mother) 3.4 4.3 13.2 3.6 2.9 1.9 -0.1 -0.5 1.3 -0.0 2.1 1.9 -2.8
Severe depression (siblings) 1.3 1.5 6.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.7 -2.1 -2.6 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.7 1.1 3.2 0.9 1.1 1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -1.8 -1.1 1.0 0.2 0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 1.5 7.1 17.6 -4.2 -3.3 -1.5 0.4 2.5 1.9 -1.9 -2.6 -2.8 3.6
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.4 2.2 5.3 0.9 2.1 1.7 -0.7 -1.8 -2.3 -0.5 1.1 1.2 -1.6
Trunk fat percentage 1.0 4.1 21.2 -2.5 1.0 2.6 -0.3 -1.2 -1.3 -4.6 0.0 -0.2 1.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.3 4.2 -1.0 -1.4 -0.6 -2.0 0.0 -1.2 0.8 -0.8 -1.5 0.9
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.1 1.5 5.4 -0.7 0.4 -1.4 0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.9 -1.7 -1.4 -2.3
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4 0.3 0.5 1.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.9 1.3 3.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.8 -0.0 0.2 -0.9 0.7 -1.3 -1.0 -1.9
Fed-up feelings 2.2 3.9 8.6 2.9 2.6 2.7 1.5 0.9 0.3 -1.0 2.3 2.7 -0.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 3.3 1.0 1.8 0.9 -0.1 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.1
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.3 0.8
Taking other prescription medications 3.7 5.7 12.4 3.5 3.2 2.4 -1.8 -0.8 -1.3 -2.4 2.6 2.8 1.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 2.0 4.8 11.8 0.4 0.9 1.4 -2.5 -2.5 -2.8 -2.6 1.6 1.9 3.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.8 0.9 5.3 0.4 0.7 -0.0 0.8 0.3 1.3 0.3 -0.2 0.7 -2.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.3 1.4 2.4 -1.3 -0.5 -1.5 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.4 -1.3 -0.9 -1.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.4 0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.2 1.4 3.8 1.2 1.4 0.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.9 -0.8 0.7 1.2 -0.1
High blood pressure 0.8 2.2 5.4 1.8 2.0 0.9 0.8 1.7 0.5 1.7 1.1 1.0 -2.3
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.4 3.1 13.2 1.5 0.7 0.9 -2.8 -3.6 -1.6 -1.1 1.2 0.4 0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.0 1.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 0.5 -0.0 -0.1 -1.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.5 -0.0 -1.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 4.2 1.7 2.0 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 1.0 0.9 -1.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 1.6 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 -0.6
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 9.4 15.9 31.8 4.4 3.8 5.6 -3.4 -3.0 -3.4 -3.8 5.3 3.8 2.1
Sitting height 0.1 0.5 1.7 0.2 0.8 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.4
High blood pressure (mother) 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.2
Body mass index (BMI) 0.8 3.4 8.6 0.5 2.0 2.5 -1.1 -2.9 -1.9 -2.6 1.5 1.0 -0.6
Impedance of leg (left) 1.2 5.9 14.7 -3.8 -2.8 -1.1 0.4 2.6 1.7 -1.8 -2.2 -2.5 3.4
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.1 4.9 0.9 2.0 1.6 -0.6 -1.7 -2.2 -0.4 1.0 1.1 -1.7
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.3 14.5 -1.8 1.2 2.6 -0.3 -1.6 -1.6 -3.8 0.3 0.0 1.1
Waist circumference 1.2 4.2 14.5 1.2 3.1 3.8 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -2.4 2.4 1.8 -0.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 1.0 6.7 0.2 1.2 -0.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -2.6
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.5 2.4 4.9 1.0 0.3 1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -2.2 -2.0 2.1 1.4 1.1
Nervous feelings 2.3 4.3 6.7 2.4 2.6 2.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -2.4 2.3 2.4 1.8
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.2 3.4 7.8 2.6 2.8 2.1 -0.5 0.9 -1.2 -0.1 2.3 2.4 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 4.0 6.4 13.6 -3.1 -3.1 -3.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 3.7 -2.7 -3.0 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.5 1.9 7.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -2.8 -1.4 -2.4 0.0 -0.1 -1.3 1.1
Had menopause 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.3 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.7 1.1 -0.6
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 3.4 0.4 0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -1.8 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.4 5.6 9.3 -2.9 -2.1 -2.8 2.2 2.9 1.3 3.0 -2.7 -2.0 -0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.6 1.3 3.1 1.1 0.6 0.9 -1.5 -1.8 -0.6 0.0 1.6 0.7 1.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 10.6 12.9 22.2 3.7 3.4 4.7 -1.9 -2.1 -1.2 -4.4 4.6 3.9 4.2
Qualifications: None of the above 0.4 0.8 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.4
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.8 2.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.6 2.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1 -1.4 -1.5 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -1.1 0.7 0.3 0.1
Allergy 0.3 0.7 3.2 -1.3 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 -0.8 0.0 -1.8
Pain all over the body in last month 2.9 3.2 7.2 1.9 2.7 1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -2.4 1.8 2.6 -0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.8 2.7 9.5 2.5 2.0 0.9 -0.9 -1.7 -0.9 0.7 1.2 0.8 -3.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.0 -0.1 -1.7 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9 1.2
Medication: Ramipril 1.0 1.3 3.0 1.7 1.7 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.5 1.3 1.3 -1.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.6 6.1 0.7 2.0 0.7 1.3 0.6 -0.4 1.3 0.4 0.8 -2.5
Fluid intelligence score 1.3 2.7 9.2 -3.0 -2.1 -1.8 0.4 1.2 -0.7 0.3 -2.0 -1.7 1.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 1.0 3.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 -1.5 -0.0 -0.6 1.9
Neuroticism score 5.3 11.2 17.4 3.9 3.3 4.2 -2.3 -1.2 -2.9 -3.4 3.9 3.8 3.4
Weight 0.5 2.6 6.4 -0.2 1.9 2.5 -0.4 -2.0 -2.4 -2.0 1.1 0.8 -0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 1.2 5.5 14.5 -3.8 -1.9 -0.6 0.8 2.1 0.7 -3.3 -2.1 -1.7 3.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.8 3.2 15.7 -1.8 0.8 2.1 -0.2 -1.9 -1.6 -4.0 0.3 0.1 1.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.6 4.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 -0.5 -1.6 -2.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 -1.3
Hip circumference 0.8 3.4 13.2 -2.5 -0.5 0.2 -1.8 -3.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.8
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.8 3.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.0 1.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 -2.0
Father’s age at death 1.7 2.3 5.5 -1.2 -2.4 -1.9 -1.8 0.7 -1.0 0.5 -1.5 -2.2 -0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 4.0 7.6 14.7 3.8 2.5 3.6 -1.8 -1.0 -1.2 -2.3 3.6 3.8 1.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.8 4.7 2.1 2.0 1.2 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.6 1.4 2.2 -0.9
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.0 0.4 1.4 0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.6 0.7 1.0
Number of live births 2.1 2.9 6.3 1.5 1.1 1.8 -2.5 -1.7 -2.1 -1.3 1.6 1.1 1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.5 5.2 10.0 -3.0 -1.9 -2.2 2.4 3.2 1.4 2.8 -2.4 -1.9 0.1
Pulse rate 0.8 1.4 2.5 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 -1.6 -1.3 -1.2
Happiness 2.9 3.5 6.6 2.6 2.2 2.5 -1.4 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 2.1 2.1 1.5
Noisy workplace 0.6 0.7 1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 0.4 0.8 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.9 1.9 5.8 -2.4 -1.3 -1.6 0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.7 -2.1 -1.4 -1.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 3.1 -0.1 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7 -1.2 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.8 2.3 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 1.5
Asthma 0.3 0.5 3.6 0.8 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 1.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.6 0.7 2.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.7 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.1 1.7 5.3 1.2 2.3 1.4 1.5 1.1 -1.0 0.3 0.9 1.5 -0.7
Depression (self-reported) 4.1 5.0 8.8 2.4 1.8 2.7 -1.3 -0.9 -0.7 -3.0 2.9 2.4 2.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.9 1.0 3.2 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 0.9 1.8 -0.3 1.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8
Prospective memory result 1.0 1.3 3.2 0.6 1.0 0.7 1.8 0.9 1.8 -0.3 0.7 0.8 -1.5
Lung cancer (father) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.4
Illnesses of mother 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.9 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.5 4.7 9.5 -2.5 -1.8 -2.4 2.1 3.1 1.6 2.4 -2.5 -1.7 -0.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.7 1.9 5.7 1.9 2.4 1.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.4 1.0 1.3 1.3 -1.9
Impedance of arm (left) 0.8 3.9 10.3 -3.1 -1.0 0.2 0.8 2.6 0.6 -2.9 -1.3 -0.7 3.2
Arm fat mass (right) 0.8 3.1 9.9 -0.4 1.8 2.6 -0.7 -2.1 -2.1 -3.1 1.0 0.8 0.2
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.6 4.4 1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.6 -1.7 -2.1 1.3 1.0 0.8 -1.2
Standing height 0.1 1.1 3.0 -1.2 0.4 0.6 1.1 1.7 -1.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.4
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.3 -1.3 0.4 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.5 0.4 -0.5 0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1
Breastfed as a baby 4.7 5.8 12.1 -2.1 -2.2 -3.5 1.1 0.0 2.5 2.1 -3.3 -2.7 -2.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 6.7 11.1 18.6 4.2 3.3 4.1 -1.9 -1.5 -2.2 -3.1 4.1 4.3 3.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 3.6 5.5 8.0 2.8 2.6 2.5 -2.8 -1.1 -1.9 -2.7 2.1 2.2 2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.5 1.8 0.6 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2
Birth weight of first child 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.2 1.3 -0.7 -0.0 -1.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.6 3.6 8.2 -2.9 -1.8 -1.6 1.8 2.5 0.5 1.8 -2.4 -1.8 0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 3.0 3.7 6.6 2.6 2.4 2.2 -2.0 -1.6 -1.2 0.0 2.4 2.0 -1.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 2.6 3.1 7.8 2.8 0.9 1.7 -2.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.7 1.8 1.2 1.3
Loud music exposure frequency 1.3 1.4 4.4 1.1 1.3 0.7 -2.1 -0.9 -0.4 -1.9 0.4 1.1 0.6
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.7 2.4 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.1 1.4 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -0.1 -1.3 0.7 0.4 0.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.5 0.6 2.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 -1.0 -1.6 -1.1 -0.7 0.3 0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.4 3.0 1.7 1.2 1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -1.6 1.5 0.9 0.2
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.1 3.3 0.5 1.2 1.1 -1.2 -0.7 -1.8 -0.9 0.9 0.3 1.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 2.4 3.9 8.9 -2.5 -3.0 -2.3 -0.8 -1.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -2.4 1.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 6.2 0.6 -0.2 0.9 -2.5 -0.3 -1.5 -1.1 0.4 -0.0 1.3
Gout (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 3.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.6 -0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 8.7 17.0 32.3 4.5 4.4 5.7 -3.7 -3.1 -3.6 -4.0 5.2 3.9 2.3
Medication: Amlodipine 1.3 1.8 6.9 0.7 0.9 -0.5 0.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 -0.0 0.1 -2.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5
Birth weight 1.0 2.2 5.4 0.8 1.3 1.1 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 -2.3 1.0 1.8 1.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.5 1.7 5.1 0.1 0.4 1.7 -1.3 -0.7 -2.3 -1.3 1.2 1.1 1.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.9 1.3 5.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.9 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.7 -0.3 -0.1 -2.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.0 3.5 5.9 -2.1 -1.8 -2.3 1.5 2.4 0.9 2.2 -2.3 -1.6 0.1
Body fat percentage 0.9 3.7 19.4 -2.7 0.5 2.1 -0.2 -1.7 -1.0 -4.4 -0.3 -0.7 1.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.4 13.4 -3.1 -0.8 1.1 0.0 -1.8 -0.2 -3.7 -0.9 -1.6 1.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.4 1.9 3.2 1.4 1.8 1.4 -0.6 -1.4 -1.6 1.1 1.2 1.0 -1.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.9 1.2 2.8 1.6 0.7 -0.6 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.3 -1.7
Comparative body size at age 10 1.3 3.5 6.9 -1.7 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -2.2 0.3 0.7 -2.6 -2.5 -2.6
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.7 0.9 1.1 -1.0 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.9 1.2 0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 3.2 5.4 13.1 0.9 0.1 2.0 -2.7 -1.5 -3.0 -3.5 1.8 1.6 3.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 8.5 11.1 16.9 3.4 3.5 4.1 -3.1 -0.9 -3.4 -3.5 3.7 3.1 3.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.3 0.5 2.3 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.9
Number of children fathered 0.7 0.8 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.1 -0.3 1.4 -0.9 1.1 0.8 -0.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 0.7
Age at first live birth 1.1 2.0 4.3 -1.5 -1.6 -2.1 0.7 0.7 1.7 0.6 -1.8 -1.7 -0.8
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.7 2.0 5.8 -2.0 -2.4 -1.2 0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -1.3 -1.3 2.0
Health satisfaction 2.0 2.6 5.7 2.3 2.2 1.6 -1.2 -1.4 -0.3 -2.4 1.5 1.5 -0.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.1 1.3 5.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -2.3 0.7 -1.7 1.0 0.2 1.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.5 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.3 1.4 4.3 -1.7 -1.3 -1.3 0.1 -0.3 0.7 1.0 -1.5 -2.1 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.8 0.9 3.0 0.5 1.7 0.7 1.2 0.7 -0.8 0.4 0.9 1.5 0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.7 3.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 -1.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 1.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.7 2.4 5.0 -1.1 -1.6 -1.9 0.8 2.2 0.2 2.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 1.6 2.8 6.5 2.6 1.9 1.7 0.0 1.2 -0.2 2.3 1.9 1.2 -1.8
Angina (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 6.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -2.5
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 4.2 -0.1 0.3 0.6 2.1 -0.2 1.2 -1.1 0.1 1.0 -0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 -0.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 0.6
Medication: Allopurinol 0.6 0.8 4.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.6 2.1 1.2 0.9 0.1 0.9 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole 1.9 2.3 6.0 2.1 2.5 1.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 -1.3 1.6 2.1 1.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.4 3.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 1.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 2.2 4.1 6.8 2.6 2.6 2.3 -1.9 -2.0 -1.9 -1.8 2.4 1.4 0.7
Heart disease (mother) 1.4 1.8 4.9 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1 0.5 0.4 2.2 2.0 -1.0 -1.2 -1.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.5 1.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 0.9 -0.2
Whole body fat mass 0.6 2.4 10.5 -1.6 1.0 2.1 -0.3 -1.7 -1.4 -3.2 0.1 -0.1 0.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.6 2.1 9.9 -1.6 0.5 1.8 -0.4 -1.9 -1.1 -3.1 0.1 -0.3 0.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.0 3.6 1.6 1.9 1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 -1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 2.2 7.0 13.5 -2.3 -1.8 -3.3 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.5 -3.7 -2.9 -3.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.5 1.1 3.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.2 1.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 -1.6
Comparative height size at age 10 1.5 8.3 20.6 -3.1 -1.8 -1.7 4.0 4.5 1.8 3.5 -3.0 -1.7 -1.9
Number of full sisters 1.6 1.9 4.5 -1.8 -1.5 -2.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 1.0 -2.0 -1.8 -1.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 6.2 9.8 20.1 3.1 1.9 3.3 -3.5 -1.4 -2.7 -3.5 3.8 2.3 4.5
Overall health rating 3.0 6.3 11.6 3.2 3.4 3.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.5 -2.8 3.2 3.1 1.5
Chest pain or discomfort 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.1
Had major operations 0.9 1.0 3.4 -0.9 0.3 -1.4 0.8 -1.2 0.0 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -1.9
Age at last live birth 1.0 1.4 2.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5 -0.0 -0.4 -1.3 -1.6 0.6
Family relationship satisfaction 1.2 1.5 5.8 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.2 -2.2 -0.2 1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -2.4
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.7 2.0 1.0 1.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 0.7 0.9 0.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.8 1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.9 1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.4 1.7 3.7 1.0 0.9 1.1 -1.8 -1.9 -1.3 -1.6 1.2 0.7 -0.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.9 1.1 3.0 -1.6 -1.2 -0.3 1.1 0.9 1.7 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.5 1.8 5.8 -1.4 -1.0 -1.4 -1.3 -2.4 -0.8 -0.1 -1.8 -1.4 0.0
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 1.4 0.6 1.0 0.7 -1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7 0.7 1.1 0.7
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.6 5.0 2.2 2.2 1.3 0.8 1.7 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 -2.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 1.2 1.6 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.4 0.6
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.5 3.5 7.6 -1.4 -1.1 -2.3 0.5 0.8 2.2 2.8 -2.2 -1.7 -2.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.7
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.6 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.9 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.2
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.9 4.5 1.2 1.7 1.4 -0.5 -1.7 -2.1 0.6 1.2 1.1 -1.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.6 5.6 1.3 2.4 1.7 -0.5 -1.6 -2.3 -0.0 1.3 1.3 -2.0
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.9 3.4 16.0 -1.2 1.4 2.6 -0.3 -2.0 -1.5 -4.0 0.8 0.6 1.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 0.3 0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 4.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -1.4 -2.0 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.8
Mood swings 1.8 3.2 6.6 2.6 2.4 2.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 2.5 1.8 1.6
Loneliness, isolation 1.9 2.6 6.0 1.5 1.6 2.5 -0.7 1.1 -1.9 -0.8 1.8 2.2 1.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.4 2.2 5.3 1.9 2.3 0.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 0.4 1.1 1.2 -1.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.0 2.3 5.5 0.9 2.3 1.9 1.2 -0.0 0.3 -2.0 1.6 2.1 0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.5 2.4 8.8 2.3 1.8 0.6 -0.9 -1.9 -0.0 1.2 0.9 0.3 -3.0
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.6 1.7 3.1 1.5 1.7 1.0 -1.4 -1.2 -1.8 -0.7 1.2 1.1 1.2
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.3 4.9 1.8 1.6 1.8 -1.1 -2.2 -1.3 -1.1 1.7 1.0 0.8
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.7 2.6 9.5 -1.8 -2.0 -3.1 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.7 -1.9 -1.3 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.5 2.7 7.1 -2.1 -2.2 -2.7 0.4 -0.6 0.6 0.6 -2.5 -1.7 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.2 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.4 1.6 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.9 -1.0 -0.5 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol 0.7 1.0 3.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 1.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 -0.3 0.9 -0.4 -0.0 -1.2
Back pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 4.2 0.8 1.4 1.0 -0.6 0.6 -1.1 -2.0 0.7 0.9 0.5
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.9 -1.3 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.8
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.7 6.0 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 2.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.5 -0.0 0.1 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.4 -1.2 0.1 -0.4 0.8 0.6 1.6 0.8 -0.4 0.7 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -1.9
Medication: Gliclazide 1.9 2.1 9.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 0.0 1.7 1.7 -0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.7 0.4 0.6 -1.3 0.1 -1.4 -1.5 -0.1 0.3 1.5
Smoking status: Current 0.3 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 0.4 0.6 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.5 3.1 4.9 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 1.8 1.7 2.2 1.8 -1.9 -2.1 -0.1
Whole body water mass 0.3 2.0 4.4 1.2 1.7 1.3 -0.5 -1.8 -2.1 0.8 1.1 1.0 -1.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.6 5.8 1.3 2.4 1.7 -0.5 -1.7 -2.3 0.0 1.3 1.3 -2.0
Arm fat mass (left) 0.8 3.1 9.5 -0.4 1.8 2.8 -0.4 -1.9 -1.9 -3.1 1.2 1.0 0.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 2.5 4.3 9.7 3.1 2.7 2.4 -0.9 -0.0 -1.7 -1.8 2.2 2.8 0.9
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.2 4.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.8 -2.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.2
Miserableness 0.5 0.8 2.3 1.1 0.9 1.5 0.5 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7
Guilty feelings 2.8 4.2 7.9 2.7 1.5 2.1 -1.5 0.1 -2.0 -1.3 2.1 2.7 2.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.8 0.9 1.8 -0.9 -0.6 -1.0 1.3 0.1 1.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.0 1.1 4.2 0.4 -0.6 0.5 -1.7 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.8
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.4 2.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.5 1.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.0
Mother’s age at death 3.5 4.3 7.8 -2.8 -2.0 -2.5 1.5 0.8 2.3 2.3 -2.4 -2.2 -0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.9 1.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.7 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.7 2.0 5.0 -2.2 -1.8 -2.0 1.6 0.7 0.5 1.2 -1.3 -1.2 0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.1 1.3 4.6 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 2.2 1.3 0.8 1.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.6 7.8 1.7 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.8 -2.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.6 3.3 6.7 -2.6 -1.5 -2.2 1.5 2.5 1.0 2.0 -2.2 -1.1 -0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.2 1.1 -0.7 1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.9 2.9 1.5 1.5 0.7 1.7 1.5 -1.5 1.5 0.6 1.5 -1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.4 4.0 1.6 0.9 1.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -2.0 1.6 1.3 0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 1.8 2.3 4.0 0.5 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.3 1.1 1.5 -1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.6 1.9 3.7 -1.4 -0.9 -1.5 1.6 1.5 0.1 1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -0.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.9 0.7 0.3 -0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.7 0.8 1.8 -0.1 0.8 0.8 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 -0.9 0.7 0.4 1.3
Ever smoked 0.3 0.6 1.7 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 0.2 0.9 -0.2 1.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.4 2.1 5.4 0.9 1.8 1.7 -0.7 -1.9 -2.3 -0.2 1.2 1.1 -1.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.8 2.8 12.7 -2.6 -0.3 1.5 -0.0 -1.8 -0.4 -3.6 -0.5 -1.2 1.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.7 3.2 1.1 1.7 1.3 -0.6 -1.6 -1.8 0.6 1.0 0.8 -1.8
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 3.5 0.8 1.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.6 -0.7 0.1 0.6 1.3 -0.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.9 1.4 7.3 2.7 1.3 0.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.4 1.2 -0.6
Irritability 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.4
Risk taking 0.7 1.0 2.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2 0.7 0.1 0.2 1.5 -1.5 -1.3 -0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.9 0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 4.4 5.6 12.7 -1.6 -2.0 -2.3 1.8 3.6 0.7 3.5 -2.5 -1.3 -2.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 2.6 3.3 5.9 -1.8 -1.7 -1.9 1.5 1.8 0.7 2.2 -2.4 -1.8 -1.7
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.6 1.8 -0.2 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.2 0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 7.4 9.1 18.3 3.4 2.9 3.8 -1.7 -2.2 -0.7 -4.3 3.6 3.0 2.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.7 -0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.1 1.3 3.6 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.9 -0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4 0.8
Myopia 0.4 0.5 2.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.7 0.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.8 2.1 6.5 -1.8 -2.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 2.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 2.0 2.9 12.6 -0.7 0.1 -1.4 1.8 1.2 1.0 2.3 -1.5 -1.0 -3.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.1 1.3 3.1 1.5 1.8 1.2 -0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.9 1.2 1.5 1.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Supplements: Calcium 1.1 1.2 3.9 0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -2.0 -0.5 1.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1.4
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -0.9 0.4 0.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.5
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.9 0.6 0.2 -0.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.6
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.2 0.7 1.5 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 3.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 1.4 1.7 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 -1.0
Pack years of smoking 0.4 0.6 2.9 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.7
Impedance of whole body 1.0 5.0 13.6 -3.7 -1.9 -0.6 0.6 2.8 1.4 -2.4 -2.0 -1.8 3.1
Leg fat mass (left) 0.5 2.1 9.0 -1.3 0.8 2.0 -0.4 -1.8 -1.3 -3.0 0.3 -0.2 0.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.7 3.0 1.1 1.7 1.4 -0.5 -1.7 -1.7 0.7 1.1 0.8 -1.7