Hub : Genes

TIPRL

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.090 0.0310 5.2e-04 0.041 0.026 0.009 0.025 0.025 9.6e-06 3.3e-04 2.3e-02 4.6e-04 4.1e-04
2 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.215 0.0752 7.0e-03 0.118 NA 0.031 NA 0.045 5.0e-05 NA 2.9e-02 NA 1.0e-02
3 GTEx Brain Cortex 0.461 0.1000 1.9e-04 0.138 NA 0.188 NA 0.229 1.2e-04 NA 6.9e-06 NA 5.7e-07
4 GTEx Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia 0.254 0.0890 5.1e-03 0.033 NA 0.053 NA 0.051 4.7e-02 NA 1.6e-02 NA 1.7e-02
5 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.246 0.0660 1.1e-04 0.056 NA 0.066 NA 0.107 1.3e-04 NA 3.3e-05 NA 1.2e-07
6 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.186 0.0590 6.2e-04 0.067 NA 0.024 NA 0.040 6.4e-05 NA 1.3e-02 NA 1.8e-03
7 GTEx Spleen 0.401 0.1260 4.0e-03 0.182 NA 0.039 NA 0.132 2.0e-05 NA 3.6e-02 NA 3.0e-04
8 GTEx Testis 0.377 0.0800 1.5e-05 0.189 NA 0.081 NA 0.162 8.5e-09 NA 1.8e-04 NA 1.1e-07
9 METSIM Adipose 0.137 0.0311 4.2e-13 0.136 0.111 0.134 0.131 0.135 8.6e-20 3.4e-16 2.0e-19 4.2e-19 1.3e-19
10 YFS Blood 0.248 0.0295 0.0e+00 0.224 0.218 0.230 0.235 0.226 1.1e-71 1.6e-69 9.3e-74 9.5e-76 2.4e-72
11 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.156 0.0640 6.6e-04 0.005 0.038 0.025 NA 0.013 1.6e-01 3.0e-03 1.3e-02 NA 5.9e-02
12 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.040 0.0230 4.4e-03 0.023 0.030 0.019 NA 0.024 7.6e-03 2.9e-03 1.4e-02 NA 7.4e-03
13 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.169 0.0580 5.2e-05 0.074 0.057 0.057 NA 0.069 9.9e-08 3.3e-06 3.0e-06 NA 2.9e-07

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.7 1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 -0.9 0.7 0.3 0.7 -0.1
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.3 0.8 2.5 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -1.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.8 0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.5 1.1
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.0 3.2 9.5 -2.4 1.7 1.3 0.0 1.4 2.0 0.4 2.2 1.9 -2.1 -1.2 -1.0 3.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.6 2.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -1.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.3 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 1.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.3 1.8 3.7 -1.4 1.2 0.9 -0.0 1.6 1.0 0.8 1.9 1.6 -1.9 -1.0 -0.8 1.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 3.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.9 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.5 1.2 0.8 -1.1 0.4 -0.4 1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.9 1.0 3.4 -0.6 1.2 1.0 0.1 1.2 0.8 1.8 1.4 1.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.9 2.7 5.2 -1.4 2.1 2.1 0.6 1.6 1.0 2.3 2.2 1.8 -1.8 -0.3 -1.8 0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 1.0 4.6 0.1 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.4 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.0 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 -2.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.0 0.6 0.7 0.1 1.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.3 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.9
Major Depression (MDD) 0.6 0.7 3.5 -0.9 0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 0.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.0 0.5
Reaction Time 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.4 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.7 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 0.7
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.0 2.4 6.1 -1.1 1.3 1.2 -0.2 1.2 1.3 0.7 2.2 2.0 -1.9 -2.0 -1.2 2.5
Breast Cancer 1.3 3.1 18.4 -0.7 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.4 1.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.3 1.8 4.3 0.6 -2.1
Ovarian Cancer 0.6 0.8 6.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 2.5 -0.3 -0.2 -1.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.5
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.9
Age at First Birth 0.8 1.2 2.4 -0.1 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 0.6 1.4 1.4 1.1 -1.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 4.3 4.1 6.1 2.4 -2.2 -2.3 -1.3 -2.3 -1.7 -2.1 -2.5 -1.9 2.1 1.8 2.3 -0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.1 -1.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.8 4.1 -0.0 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.7 -0.7 -2.0 -0.8 -0.2
Mean Putamen Volume 2.4 2.7 4.6 0.9 -2.1 -2.1 -1.6 -2.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.9 -1.9 1.4 0.7 1.9 -0.2
Fasting Glucose 0.5 0.5 4.6 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -1.0 0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 2.1 0.5 0.2
HbA1C 0.6 0.6 1.9 1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.1
HDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.2 3.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.4
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2
Lupus 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.1 0.8 -0.6 -1.3 -0.3 1.4
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.5 3.6 -1.9 -0.4 -0.5 -1.3 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.5 2.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.7 -1.4 0.2 0.4
Triglycerides 3.1 5.1 11.0 -0.6 2.3 2.6 1.8 1.4 0.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 -2.1 -2.9 -3.3 -0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.8 0.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.0 5.4 2.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -2.0 1.6 1.0 1.5 -0.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.1 1.6 6.2 -0.3 1.4 1.5 2.5 2.1 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.3
Blood Red Count 0.2 2.3 4.2 -1.6 1.8 1.7 1.2 0.8 1.8 1.5 0.8 2.1 -1.8 -0.4 -2.0 -1.1
Blood White Count 1.0 7.5 13.5 0.8 -2.8 -2.9 -2.4 -1.4 -2.3 -3.2 -3.5 -3.2 3.0 3.7 3.5 0.1
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 4.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.3 1.5 0.8 1.2 -1.0 -2.2 -1.6 -1.5
BMI 0.4 2.6 7.3 -2.5 1.7 1.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 2.7 1.9 1.7 -1.6 -0.2 -1.3 -0.9
Height 0.4 7.9 18.4 -3.0 3.8 4.0 0.2 2.0 4.3 2.2 3.2 3.3 -2.0 0.6 -3.3 0.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.7 3.3 8.0 -0.5 -1.7 -1.5 -0.1 -1.9 -0.7 -2.4 -2.3 -2.0 2.8 2.8 1.6 -0.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.8 4.1 7.0 1.4 -2.4 -2.4 -1.1 -2.5 -2.6 -0.8 -2.3 -2.2 2.3 1.0 2.2 -2.1
Smoking Status 1.1 2.6 6.9 -0.9 -2.1 -2.0 -2.6 -1.7 -2.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4 1.2 0.3 1.9 0.9
Allergy or Eczema 0.6 1.5 3.5 1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.6 -1.6 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -1.8 1.9 -0.2 1.1 0.4
Cardiovascular Disease 0.1 0.4 2.5 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.3 1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 -1.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.5 1.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 1.2 -0.4 -1.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.9
Respiratory disease 0.7 1.6 3.6 0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7 -1.4 -1.3 -0.7 -1.7 1.9 0.4 1.6 0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 1.0 4.5 -2.1 0.9 0.9 -1.6 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 1.9 4.4 -1.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.6 -0.6 2.1 1.8 1.2 -1.6 -1.8 -1.5 0.8
Lung FVC 0.4 1.8 3.5 0.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.3 -0.6 -1.7 -1.9 -1.7 1.8 1.2 1.2 -1.6
Neuroticism 0.7 1.7 6.3 0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -2.5 -1.1 -1.3 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.7
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 1.0 8.0 -2.8 0.1 0.2 -1.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.3
Hair Pigment 0.4 12.4 28.7 -0.9 4.6 4.9 2.6 4.0 5.4 3.0 2.6 3.6 -2.8 -1.4 -4.5 -2.2
Tanning 0.1 1.8 3.1 1.3 -1.7 -1.5 -0.5 -1.8 -1.0 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 1.7 0.5 1.4 -0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.4 0.9 2.9 -1.7 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 1.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 2.0 3.6 5.8 -2.1 2.2 2.3 0.5 0.9 1.7 2.4 2.3 2.4 -1.8 -1.5 -2.3 1.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.8 1.0 2.6 -0.0 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 0.2 0.3 1.0 -1.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.0 1.6 6.0 0.0 1.6 1.8 2.4 1.1 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.8 -1.5 -1.8
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.4 0.6 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.8 -1.0 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.6 0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 1.5 3.1 6.5 -1.7 2.4 2.5 0.6 1.5 2.3 1.0 1.8 2.3 -1.7 -0.2 -2.3 0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.8
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.2 -1.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.4 5.4 2.1 -1.4 -1.2 -0.1 -1.3 -1.9 -0.4 -1.6 -1.7 1.9 1.1 1.4 -2.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.3 1.2 1.4 -0.0 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 -0.6
Angina 2.1 2.7 6.8 -1.6 1.7 1.9 2.6 0.3 1.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 -1.5 -0.9 -1.7 -0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.3 0.5 2.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.4 -1.7 0.1 0.7
Supplements: Zinc 0.8 0.9 1.9 -0.6 1.3 1.2 0.6 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.2
Medication: Co-codamol 1.8 2.0 4.8 -1.0 1.4 1.4 0.4 1.6 0.8 1.7 2.2 1.9 -2.2 -0.7 -1.3 0.5
Medication: Metformin 0.4 0.6 2.8 -0.5 0.5 0.5 -1.7 0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.2 1.5 0.3 0.7
Diabetes (father) 2.2 2.8 6.1 -1.2 2.1 2.1 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.1 2.5 1.9 -1.8 -0.7 -2.0 1.5
Diabetes (mother) 1.5 1.9 4.9 -0.5 -1.7 -1.9 -2.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.5
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 1.2 -0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.8 -0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.8 2.9 0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.7 0.4 1.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 0.8 2.9 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -1.5 -1.7 -0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 -1.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.6 -1.9 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.9 1.2 0.8 1.0 1.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.2
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 0.7 4.7 -2.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.5 1.1 -0.0 -0.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.8 3.3 -1.8 1.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.5 1.2 -1.1 0.3 -0.7 1.6
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.9 1.4 5.0 -0.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.0 -2.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 -1.5 1.1 1.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.5 1.7 3.6 1.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8 -1.5 -1.7 -1.0 -1.4 1.4 0.5 1.5 1.2
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 1.1 -1.5 -1.2 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.8 -1.1 0.3 0.0
Fed-up feelings 0.2 0.4 2.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 1.5
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7
Relative age voice broke 0.1 0.2 1.2 -0.7 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.1 0.2
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.7 0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.7 2.1 -1.4 0.8 0.9 0.6 -0.4 1.2 -0.6 0.1 0.4 -0.4 1.4 -0.4 0.9
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.7 -0.4 -0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.3 1.7 3.8 -0.2 -1.5 -1.7 -0.2 -2.0 -0.8 -0.9 -1.4 -1.6 1.3 1.2 1.5 -1.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 1.7 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.9 1.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5
High blood pressure 0.6 1.6 3.2 1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -0.5 -1.6 -1.8 -0.0 -0.9 -1.4 1.5 1.1 1.4 -1.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.4 3.6 0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -1.9 -1.5 -0.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 1.8 0.1 0.8 -0.2
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.7 0.9 4.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 -1.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 1.4 2.1 0.5 -1.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 2.4 3.0 7.4 -0.9 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.7 2.2 1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 -0.4
Supplements: Glucosamine 2.2 2.8 5.6 0.2 2.3 2.4 1.2 0.3 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.2 -2.0 -1.1 -2.3 0.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.8 0.3 -0.9
Medication: Atenolol 1.4 1.7 3.5 -1.2 1.3 1.2 1.7 0.4 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.8 -1.9 -0.4 -1.2 1.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 1.3 -0.5 -1.3 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 0.2 0.3
Sitting height 0.3 2.1 4.6 -1.9 1.5 1.4 -0.4 1.6 2.1 0.6 1.3 1.8 -1.6 -1.3 -1.5 0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 1.2 0.7 0.7 -0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 1.0 1.5 6.2 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -2.5 -1.3 0.3 -1.8 -1.0 -0.8 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.6 2.3 -1.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 1.5 1.1 0.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.8 3.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -1.5 -1.7 -0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 -1.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.7 -1.9 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.1
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.9 5.5 -2.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.7 -0.6 1.1 -0.2 -0.4
Waist circumference 0.1 0.5 2.9 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 1.7 0.8 -0.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.2 0.3 2.2 -1.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 2.2 0.7 1.2 1.1 0.2 1.4 0.8 -0.3 0.9 1.1 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 1.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.5 -0.8 0.4 1.0 -0.4 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.2
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 2.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 1.4 0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.9 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 1.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.7 1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.3 0.4 3.0 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 1.7 0.5 -0.6
Had menopause 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.5
Had other major operations 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 1.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.3 0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.7 2.6 -1.6 0.7 0.3 -1.1 0.5 1.6 -0.8 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 -1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.5 0.7 4.2 -1.5 -0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.4 0.9 -0.2 -2.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.0
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.5 2.1 1.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.7
Heart attack 2.2 2.9 5.0 -1.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 -1.3 -0.3 -1.7 -0.4
Allergy 0.3 0.7 3.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.2 -1.8 -0.2 -0.6 1.0
Pain all over the body in last month 4.0 4.3 7.9 -0.7 2.0 2.2 2.3 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.8 2.6 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 -0.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 4.3 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -2.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.3 3.5 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -1.4 1.9 1.7 1.1 -1.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -1.1 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 0.6 0.9 3.2 0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 1.8 1.0 -0.6
Fluid intelligence score 2.1 4.4 7.5 -2.4 2.0 1.9 -0.7 1.3 1.9 1.2 2.7 2.7 -2.5 -2.5 -2.2 2.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.7 2.4 4.0 -0.9 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 -1.1 -2.0 -2.0 -0.4
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.4 2.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.7 -1.6 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.2
Weight 0.2 1.0 5.3 -2.3 1.0 0.9 -0.3 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.3
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.4 2.0 -1.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.5
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.4 1.3 -1.1 0.5 0.5 -1.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.0
Hip circumference 0.5 2.2 4.3 -2.0 1.5 1.3 0.6 1.8 1.2 1.9 2.1 1.8 -1.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.4
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.4 2.0 -1.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.2
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 3.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.0 -1.7 0.6 -0.9 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 0.8 1.3 0.6 -0.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.4 2.2 -0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 1.5
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.9 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.7
Falls in the last year 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 -1.1 0.4 0.7
Number of live births 0.6 0.9 2.6 0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 1.1 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.2 3.4 -1.8 0.9 0.6 -0.5 1.0 1.5 -0.5 0.6 1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 1.0
Pulse rate 0.4 0.6 4.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -0.0 0.5 -2.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.6 1.1 0.5 0.4
Happiness 3.5 4.3 6.9 -1.3 2.4 2.2 0.7 2.0 2.6 1.5 2.5 2.4 -2.5 -1.7 -2.2 1.8
Noisy workplace 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9 -1.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.6 3.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.8 0.4 0.7 -1.1 0.4 -0.3 1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -1.1 0.8 1.1 0.9 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.4 0.7 2.4 -1.5 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.7 1.4
Asthma 0.2 0.4 2.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 1.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.5 0.7 2.1 -1.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 1.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.3 3.8 -2.0 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 -1.0 0.4 -1.1 -0.7
Depression (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 7.2 -2.7 0.6 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.7 0.9 -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 1.0
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 0.8 0.3 -0.9
Prospective memory result 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.9
Lung cancer (father) 1.2 1.4 3.2 0.6 -1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 1.4 -0.1 0.9 -1.4
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.5 2.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.9 0.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 -0.0 0.5 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.5 1.5 3.0 -1.6 1.0 0.8 -0.1 1.1 1.5 -0.1 0.7 1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.5 2.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5 1.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.5 -1.3
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.6 2.8 -0.4 0.8 0.7 1.7 0.8 1.1 -0.5 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7 0.6
Arm fat mass (right) 0.2 0.7 2.6 -1.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.9 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.3 1.1 -1.0 0.5 0.5 -1.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.1
Standing height 0.2 1.5 5.6 -2.1 1.3 1.3 -0.8 1.1 2.4 -0.6 0.1 1.0 -0.8 1.2 -1.0 0.1
Length of working week for main job 1.5 1.6 8.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -1.6 -0.4 0.2 -1.6 -1.3 -1.0 1.6 3.0 1.1 -0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.6 0.6 2.7 0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.6 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 0.5 0.2 0.8 1.0
Breastfed as a baby 2.6 3.2 5.5 1.3 2.2 2.3 1.0 1.9 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -2.2 -1.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.6 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.5 2.2 10.4 -3.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -2.1 -0.5 -1.3 -1.2 -1.0 1.4 1.6 1.1 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.7 1.8 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.6
Birth weight of first child 1.7 3.2 8.1 -1.5 2.2 1.8 1.0 1.1 2.8 0.6 2.2 2.2 -2.4 -1.1 -1.8 0.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.7 4.0 7.7 -2.0 2.0 1.8 0.8 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.9 2.4 -2.8 -2.1 -2.5 -0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.9 2.8 -1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.5 1.2 0.1 1.5 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -1.7 -0.6 -1.4
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.0 1.2 4.9 -1.5 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.4 -1.0 -2.2 -1.3 0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 0.4 0.4 2.5 -1.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 0.1 -0.0 0.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.2 1.7 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 1.3 0.5 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 -0.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.0 1.2 6.4 -0.1 1.0 1.1 2.5 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.8 -0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 2.9 4.8 8.9 -3.0 2.5 2.1 1.2 2.0 2.7 1.8 2.2 2.6 -2.7 -0.2 -2.0 2.0
Headache pain in last month 1.8 3.0 5.9 -0.4 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.4 1.3 1.3 1.8 -1.1 -0.5 -2.3 -1.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.5 0.8 1.4 0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 1.0 0.1 0.9 -0.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.5 3.2 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.0 1.8
Gout (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -1.6 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.4 0.2 -1.1
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.8 -0.5 -0.3 1.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 0.2 0.4 -0.7
Medication: Amlodipine 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 -0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.7 0.9 2.4 -1.4 0.2 0.4 -1.3 -0.2 0.4 0.1 -1.1 -0.7 1.5 1.2 0.0 -1.3
Birth weight 2.9 6.4 11.3 -2.2 2.8 2.5 0.6 2.3 2.6 2.3 3.1 3.4 -3.1 -2.2 -2.7 1.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.2 1.4 3.2 -1.0 1.0 1.1 1.8 0.2 0.9 1.6 1.0 1.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 -1.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.2 1.8 3.1 1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 1.0 1.7 1.8 0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.1 2.8 -1.7 1.0 0.8 -0.3 0.8 1.7 -0.0 0.4 1.3 -1.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.1
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.4 3.1 -1.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 -1.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.5 2.7 -1.6 0.5 0.4 -1.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.6 4.3 -1.8 -0.0 0.0 -2.1 -0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.1 0.4 1.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 -1.2 0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -1.4 0.5 0.3
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.7 1.5 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.9 0.4 1.2 0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.7 1.2 4.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -2.1 -1.4 -1.1 1.1 0.5 1.0 1.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 0.9 2.1 -1.4 0.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.6 0.8 0.4 1.0 1.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 1.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.7 1.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.8 -1.4 -0.7 -0.8 1.1 -0.1 0.7 0.3
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.4 2.1 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 -1.5 -0.3 0.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.3 1.5 2.6 1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.4
Age at first live birth 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.8 0.8
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 1.5 -0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 1.4
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 3.8 1.9 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.5 0.9 -0.8 0.8 0.6 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 -1.0 1.2 1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.8 3.5 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 1.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 1.9 -0.1 1.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.9 0.9 0.3 1.2 -0.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.5 2.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.9 -0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.7 1.0 0.0 -0.7
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.6 2.7 5.9 2.4 -1.8 -1.8 -1.1 -1.3 -1.5 -2.2 -2.0 -1.8 1.4 0.5 1.5 -1.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.7 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.2
Angina (self-reported) 2.2 2.9 6.0 -1.7 1.8 2.0 2.4 0.3 1.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 -1.7 -1.2 -1.8 -0.2
Migraine (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -0.1 1.1
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 2.0 1.2 -0.6 -0.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 1.4 0.6 0.6 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole 1.2 1.4 3.8 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.2 -0.0 1.7 2.0 1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -0.9 0.7
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.4
Heart disease (mother) 1.1 1.4 3.4 -0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.2 1.3 0.8 1.5 1.6 1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -0.9 0.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.0 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.6 4.0 -2.0 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.5 2.1 -1.4 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.2 1.0 0.0 -1.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.5 2.2 -1.5 0.3 0.3 -1.4 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.3 0.9 2.1 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -1.2 -0.4 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.0 1.2 0.6 -0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 1.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.3
Number of full sisters 1.7 2.1 6.3 0.4 -1.7 -1.7 -2.5 -1.6 -1.1 -1.8 -1.4 -1.2 0.8 0.1 1.6 0.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.6 0.9 2.0 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 1.0 0.2 1.4 1.0
Overall health rating 0.2 0.5 1.2 1.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.9 -0.6 0.6 -0.4
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.5 2.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.7
Had major operations 2.8 3.2 7.6 -0.6 2.2 2.2 0.1 1.8 2.7 1.7 1.1 1.6 -1.4 -0.0 -2.3 -2.8
Age at last live birth 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.4 0.8 0.0 0.5
Family relationship satisfaction 0.2 0.2 1.4 1.2 -0.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.6
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 2.5 1.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.7 -0.1 -1.3 -0.8 0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.8 0.9 4.3 -0.2 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.6 1.2 -1.1 -2.1 -0.8 -0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.2 1.4 4.5 0.3 -1.4 -1.4 -2.1 -0.9 -1.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.9 0.5 1.1 -1.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.4 2.7 -1.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.9 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.8 1.6 -1.2 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.9 -1.1 0.1 -0.6 0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.6 1.3 -1.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.7 0.4 1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 2.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.4 1.0 2.1 0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 0.1 -0.6 -1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0 -1.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.5 1.8 1.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 0.9 -0.5 0.9 0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.8 3.9 7.8 -0.5 2.6 2.8 2.4 1.7 2.1 1.6 2.4 2.3 -1.9 -0.5 -2.3 0.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 -0.6
Smoking status: Previous 0.5 0.7 4.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.7 1.0 0.9 0.3 -2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.2 1.7 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 2.1 -1.5 0.6 0.6 -0.9 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.2
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.2 4.8 -2.2 1.1 1.1 0.0 1.0 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 -0.9 0.6 -0.7 0.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 2.6 -1.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.5
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 3.3 0.6 1.2 0.9 -0.2 1.0 1.8 0.1 1.1 1.0 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1
Mood swings 0.5 0.8 4.6 -2.1 0.5 0.2 -1.2 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.6 -1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.3 0.7 0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.6 -1.8 -0.8 1.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -1.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 0.9 0.2 0.4 -0.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.7 0.9 2.9 1.5 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -1.3 1.7 0.7 0.7 -0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.5 3.6 -1.1 0.4 0.5 -1.9 0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -1.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.6
Friendships satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.8 1.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.0 1.3 1.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.7 0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.5 0.9 2.8 -0.9 0.9 0.9 -1.7 0.9 0.5 0.2 1.2 0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.8 1.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8 0.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1
Back pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.7 3.6 8.8 -0.5 -2.9 -3.0 -2.0 -0.8 -1.9 -2.1 -1.9 -2.2 1.4 0.3 2.4 -0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 1.1 0.5 0.3 -0.4 -1.1 -0.2 0.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -1.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 1.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.0 -1.2 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.2 0.2 0.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 1.0 1.8 -1.4 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.0
Medication: Gliclazide 0.6 0.7 3.0 -0.8 1.0 0.9 -0.4 1.5 1.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 1.7 -0.1 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 4.3 5.3 10.6 1.3 -3.0 -3.3 -1.8 -1.3 -2.6 -2.0 -2.9 -2.8 2.4 0.8 2.9 -0.9
Smoking status: Current 0.7 1.2 4.2 -0.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 -2.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -1.3 0.9 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 1.3 -0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 -0.2 0.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.6 2.7 -1.6 0.6 0.7 -0.9 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.3 -0.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.0 4.8 -2.2 1.0 1.0 -0.1 0.9 1.3 0.8 1.0 1.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.6 0.0
Arm fat mass (left) 0.2 0.6 2.8 -1.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.2 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -1.2 -1.1
Miserableness 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.6
Guilty feelings 1.7 2.6 6.9 0.8 -1.7 -1.9 -1.2 -1.6 -0.8 -2.6 -1.7 -1.7 1.8 1.2 1.8 0.9
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.9 1.1 3.1 0.7 1.5 1.8 0.5 1.5 1.4 0.0 0.6 0.6 -0.2 1.3 -1.0 -0.2
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.6 -1.1 -1.0 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.0 0.6 1.0 -1.2
Hearing aid user 3.2 3.6 6.3 -0.8 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.2 -2.5 -1.1 -1.6 1.7
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.2 3.0 -1.7 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.8 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 0.2
Financial situation satisfaction 2.8 3.5 6.0 -1.9 2.4 2.4 0.5 1.5 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.2 -1.9 -0.9 -2.3 -0.8
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.0 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.3 1.5 -0.9 0.4 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.3 2.5 1.6 -1.3 -1.1 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -1.2 1.3 0.9 1.4 -1.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.2 2.8 5.6 2.4 -1.8 -2.0 -0.8 -1.5 -2.4 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 1.4 1.2 1.8 0.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.2 1.6 4.0 0.1 2.0 2.0 1.0 0.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.7 1.0
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.3 2.0 3.5 1.5 -1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.9 -1.4 1.5 1.9 1.5 -1.4
Medication: Paracetamol 3.7 5.8 9.2 -3.0 2.7 2.4 1.2 2.6 3.0 1.7 2.6 2.9 -2.9 -0.4 -2.2 2.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9 -0.5 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 1.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.8 6.7 -2.6 0.3 0.1 -0.4 1.0 -0.2 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.3 -0.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.4 0.5 3.9 0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.0 1.0 0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.7 2.0 8.7 -0.8 1.4 1.3 0.3 2.9 1.4 0.3 2.0 1.4 -1.7 0.3 -0.6 1.4
Ever smoked 1.3 2.3 4.5 -0.3 -2.1 -2.0 -1.0 -2.1 -2.1 -0.4 -1.3 -1.7 1.5 0.6 2.0 -0.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.7 3.3 -1.8 0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.4 2.1 -1.5 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.8 0.4 -0.0 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.9
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.1 -1.4 0.5 0.5 -1.3 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.5 0.8 5.2 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.3 -1.0 -2.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.8 3.1 -1.0 0.6 0.6 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5 0.7 0.8 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.5
Irritability 0.3 0.5 3.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.5
Risk taking 0.7 1.0 2.3 0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 1.2 1.5 1.3 0.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.5 3.2 1.2 -0.1 0.1 1.8 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 1.0 0.2 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 3.4 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.8 -0.8 -1.8 -1.0 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.8 1.0 2.9 1.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 1.1 0.5 1.0 -0.7
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.5 3.9 0.9 -1.4 -1.4 0.6 -1.4 -2.0 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 1.2 0.1 1.4 -1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.5 0.6 6.2 -0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -2.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.1 2.7 5.8 -1.8 2.2 2.4 0.6 0.8 2.1 1.5 2.0 1.9 -1.3 -0.8 -2.1 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.0 -0.1
Myopia 0.9 1.2 3.9 0.6 1.2 1.3 2.0 1.4 0.1 1.3 1.4 0.9 -1.0 0.5 -0.8 0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.9 2.7 -0.4 0.9 0.7 0.1 1.0 1.2 -0.3 0.4 0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 1.6
Cholesterol lowering medication 2.1 3.2 6.2 1.2 -1.7 -1.7 -2.4 -2.0 -1.4 -1.0 -2.0 -2.0 2.5 1.6 1.8 -1.0
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.5 3.1 6.7 -0.8 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.8 0.8 2.5 2.6 2.3 -2.1 -1.5 -1.8 0.3
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.4 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 1.3 0.4 0.9 -0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 2.3 -1.5 1.1 1.4 1.2 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.4 1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.8 3.6 5.8 -2.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 1.4 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 -1.6 -0.5 -2.0 -0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 5.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 2.4 1.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.4 -0.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.5
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 0.5 0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.4 2.0 1.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 -1.0 0.7 1.0
Impedance of whole body 0.0 0.2 1.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.1 0.6 -1.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.7 3.3 -1.8 0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.4 -0.3 1.1 -0.1 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.3 -1.5 0.2 0.2 -1.4 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.5