Hub : Genes

TM2D1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.2814 0.0861 3.0e-03 0.103 NA 0.192 NA 0.145 1.5e-04 NA 1.9e-07 NA 7.3e-06
2 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1150 0.0470 9.9e-03 0.026 NA 0.012 NA 0.035 9.9e-03 NA 5.6e-02 NA 3.2e-03
3 GTEx Lung 0.1622 0.0495 2.1e-03 0.004 NA -0.001 NA -0.002 1.6e-01 NA 4.2e-01 NA 4.7e-01
4 GTEx Thyroid 0.1030 0.0400 5.1e-03 0.065 NA 0.085 NA 0.082 9.6e-06 NA 5.0e-07 NA 7.7e-07
5 GTEx Uterus 0.5060 0.1280 4.2e-03 0.051 NA 0.071 NA 0.083 3.4e-02 NA 1.5e-02 NA 9.5e-03
6 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0797 0.0258 8.4e-04 0.016 0.014 0.019 0.022 0.014 3.5e-03 5.0e-03 1.4e-03 6.0e-04 4.8e-03
7 YFS Blood 0.2132 0.0323 0.0e+00 0.164 0.095 0.166 0.163 0.164 2.2e-51 2.5e-29 8.0e-52 5.2e-51 3.1e-51
8 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0612 0.0235 1.5e-04 0.028 0.022 0.032 NA 0.032 1.8e-06 1.7e-05 3.0e-07 NA 2.5e-07
9 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0878 0.0346 7.8e-05 0.021 0.051 0.040 NA 0.040 1.7e-03 1.8e-06 2.4e-05 NA 2.2e-05
10 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0697 0.0331 1.2e-03 0.065 0.026 0.038 NA 0.053 7.8e-08 6.1e-04 4.1e-05 NA 1.3e-06
11 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.1198 0.0489 1.9e-03 0.020 0.038 0.060 NA 0.061 2.0e-03 2.8e-05 1.3e-07 NA 1.3e-07
12 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1905 0.0501 1.6e-09 0.133 0.104 0.125 NA 0.128 8.9e-14 5.3e-11 5.9e-13 NA 2.7e-13
13 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.2190 0.0670 3.3e-08 0.148 0.085 0.134 NA 0.146 2.7e-14 1.3e-08 5.1e-13 NA 4.1e-14

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.6 2.0 0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.6 1.4 8.9 0.0 -1.6 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 -3.0 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.8 -1.3 -0.7 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.8 5.0 -1.4 -0.1 0.3 -1.4 -0.2 -2.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.1 3.9 0.5 1.5 0.1 -1.1 -2.0 -0.5 0.6 0.8 1.4 0.7 1.6 0.6 0.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.3 4.7 -0.2 0.4 2.2 1.0 -0.0 -1.3 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.9 0.8 0.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.8 4.3 12.8 -2.0 -0.0 -0.2 -1.9 0.6 -3.6 -2.3 -1.6 -2.4 -2.5 -2.1 -2.4 -2.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.5 1.1 6.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4 0.3 1.6 -2.6 -0.3 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 1.5 -1.2 -0.7 1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 2.2 4.6 17.7 -2.2 -0.6 -1.9 -2.1 0.6 -4.2 -2.1 -1.4 -2.1 -2.3 -1.6 -2.3 -2.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.9 8.1 0.4 -2.9 -1.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.0 1.1 5.4 -0.7 -2.3 -0.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.0 1.4 13.0 0.5 -3.6 -1.8 0.4 0.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.0 -1.3 -0.2 0.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.0 2.1 5.0 2.2 -1.0 0.3 1.7 -0.3 0.0 2.1 1.0 1.4 1.9 -0.7 1.6 2.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.7 2.6 0.9 -1.3 0.5 -0.5 -1.6 0.6 0.5 -0.1 1.6 0.6 -0.7 0.2 0.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.8 1.5 6.0 -0.6 -0.7 1.0 -2.4 -2.1 1.2 -0.8 -1.2 1.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 -0.7
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.9 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4
Reaction Time 0.1 0.3 1.5 1.1 -1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.3 7.8 0.2 0.1 2.8 1.6 0.8 -1.6 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.8 4.2 -0.1 0.4 -2.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -1.8 -0.4 -0.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.8 -0.1 1.2 -1.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.4
Prostate Cancer 1.2 1.7 3.9 -1.3 -2.0 -1.3 -0.3 0.5 -1.9 -1.3 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3
Age at First Birth 1.5 2.2 6.7 1.0 1.8 1.5 -0.0 -1.7 2.6 1.4 1.6 0.0 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.5 2.1 0.5 -1.0 1.4 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.8 1.1 11.9 0.3 3.5 0.7 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.2 2.7 5.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.7 -1.7 0.0 -1.6 -1.8 -2.2 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -2.0 -1.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.3 2.1 5.2 1.7 -0.5 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.1 2.3 1.6 0.8 2.2 0.1 2.0 2.3
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.6 5.3 0.8 2.3 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.7 0.9 6.9 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 0.8 1.3 -2.6 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3
HbA1C 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.9 -1.0 1.6 0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
LDL Cholesterol 2.9 4.5 9.2 2.2 2.4 1.1 1.1 0.5 3.0 2.7 2.4 0.7 2.6 0.1 2.9 2.7
Lupus 1.4 2.0 3.8 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 -2.0 0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -1.9 -0.7 -1.8 -0.9 -1.8 -1.9
Neuroticism (2016) 1.4 2.0 4.4 -1.1 1.7 0.3 -0.7 1.9 -1.9 -1.1 -0.5 -2.1 -1.3 -2.1 -1.2 -1.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.8 1.1 3.5 1.2 -0.1 1.4 1.2 1.2 -1.9 0.4 -0.7 1.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.7 1.6 10.5 0.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 1.3 -3.2 -0.3 -0.8 -1.5 -0.6 -1.7 -0.4 -0.4
Triglycerides 2.0 3.3 5.4 1.9 2.0 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.6 2.1 2.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.7 0.8 3.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.0 2.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.6 2.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 -1.5 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.7 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.9 -0.9 1.1 0.5 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.9 11.7 -1.4 -0.4 1.3 1.2 2.3 -3.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 -2.0 -1.5 -1.1
Blood Red Count 0.0 0.3 1.6 -0.1 0.9 -0.0 0.5 1.3 -0.2 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2
Blood White Count 0.2 1.8 6.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.8 -2.0 -1.4 -1.6 -0.4 -1.3 -2.6 -1.6 -1.3
Heel T-Score 0.8 6.2 12.7 -2.5 0.2 0.6 -1.5 2.6 -3.6 -2.7 -2.4 -2.7 -2.9 -2.9 -2.6 -2.8
BMI 0.7 4.2 39.1 0.3 6.2 0.5 0.9 -1.6 -0.7 0.3 -0.5 2.6 0.2 1.9 0.1 0.0
Height 1.0 18.8 49.3 3.2 7.0 2.0 3.6 -1.4 6.4 4.3 4.7 2.0 4.5 3.7 5.0 4.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.4 2.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.9 0.1 0.9 -1.5 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.0 1.0 -0.0 -0.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.4 2.5 0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.4 1.0 -1.6 0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.3
Smoking Status 0.5 1.1 5.1 0.6 0.5 -0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.1 -0.5 -1.2 -2.1 -0.6 -2.3 -0.5 -0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.3 0.8 1.8 0.4 1.3 0.5 -0.6 1.1 1.1 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.5
Cardiovascular Disease 1.2 3.8 16.6 0.9 4.1 0.8 0.7 -1.2 -1.0 1.1 -0.2 3.1 1.4 3.6 1.1 1.2
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 0.9 5.1 -0.9 -2.3 -1.1 -0.8 0.1 -1.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 0.9 5.7 0.4 2.4 0.3 1.5 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.5 4.7 0.9 0.8 -1.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.1 -0.1 2.0 1.2 2.2 1.1 1.1
Lung FVC 0.4 2.0 5.2 -1.4 0.1 1.8 -1.9 1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7 -1.1 -2.3 -0.9 -1.0
Neuroticism 0.3 0.7 6.2 -0.1 0.7 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 -2.5 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.7 5.7 1.6 1.7 -0.4 2.0 2.4 -0.3 0.8 1.1 -1.3 0.6 -1.3 0.8 0.8
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.9 3.9 -1.4 0.8 -0.9 1.0 2.0 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.6
Tanning 0.1 1.1 2.7 1.1 1.6 1.6 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 -1.2 0.8 -0.8 0.9 0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.8 3.3 -0.2 1.8 -1.5 -1.3 0.2 1.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.6 1.0 4.8 -0.2 0.9 1.1 0.5 -1.1 1.2 0.3 -0.1 1.8 0.4 2.2 0.1 0.2
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.8 5.7 0.1 -2.4 0.6 1.3 0.4 1.4 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.2 2.0 5.0 -0.5 1.5 1.1 -0.8 1.0 -1.8 -1.4 -1.1 -1.9 -1.4 -2.2 -1.4 -1.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.4 7.7 0.7 2.8 0.2 -0.5 -2.1 -0.3 0.3 0.8 1.4 0.5 1.5 0.4 0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 5.3 0.2 1.8 -0.0 0.3 2.3 -1.4 0.0 0.8 -1.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.0 0.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.3 -1.2 0.9 -0.0 0.4 1.0 0.3 1.9 0.2 0.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 -1.1 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.5 0.9 0.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.9 4.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 1.1 1.4 -2.1 0.3 -0.3 1.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 0.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.4
Angina 1.3 1.7 6.8 1.0 1.2 -0.9 -0.4 -2.6 1.4 0.7 0.1 2.3 0.9 1.5 0.6 0.7
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.3 1.4 4.0 -1.4 -2.0 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.3 1.3 -0.9 -0.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.3
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5
Medication: Co-codamol 2.0 2.3 3.2 -1.8 -1.5 -1.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7
Medication: Metformin 0.5 0.8 3.2 -0.2 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.8 -0.3 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.4
Diabetes (father) 0.8 1.0 4.4 0.3 -1.3 0.1 -0.3 2.1 -2.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.6
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 4.3 1.9 2.1 -0.5 1.5 0.5 0.4 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.1 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.6 -0.2 1.5 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 1.0 5.1 13.2 -2.1 -2.7 -0.3 -1.1 2.8 -3.6 -2.0 -0.9 -3.6 -2.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 2.3 11.9 47.9 3.1 6.9 1.2 2.7 -2.0 3.8 3.2 2.5 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.5 3.2
Trunk fat percentage 2.2 8.7 32.0 3.3 5.7 0.5 3.2 -0.7 1.6 3.1 2.0 3.2 3.1 2.4 2.9 3.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.2 0.6 2.2 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.8 0.5 1.5 0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.7 1.0 6.9 0.6 2.6 2.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.5
Current tobacco smoking 0.2 0.3 1.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.0 0.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 1.2 1.7 8.2 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 2.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.7 -1.0 -0.9 -2.9 -0.8 -0.8
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 4.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -2.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.9
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.3 4.5 1.0 2.1 -0.6 -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.5 0.5 -0.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.4
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.7 2.9 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -1.4 1.7 -0.5 0.0 0.6 -0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.7 3.8 -1.0 -2.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 -0.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.0 1.2 2.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.6 -1.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.7 1.5 5.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.2 1.0 2.3 -1.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -1.0 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.2 1.7 0.2 0.8 1.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 4.6 -0.2 -2.1 -1.0 1.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1
High blood pressure 0.7 2.0 8.0 0.4 2.5 0.9 0.5 0.8 -2.0 0.7 0.1 2.2 0.8 2.8 0.6 0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.4 0.9 2.5 0.2 1.6 1.1 0.1 1.4 0.7 0.6 1.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.6 0.7 2.7 -1.0 -0.8 0.1 -1.7 -1.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 -0.8 -0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.7 1.2 0.4 -0.3 1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.8 0.7 1.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 5.2 -0.0 -0.4 0.6 1.4 2.3 -0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1
Medication: Atenolol 1.3 1.6 3.1 -1.4 0.8 -0.0 -1.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -0.2 -1.4 0.1 -1.7 -1.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.4 2.4 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -0.4 -1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1
Sitting height 1.2 8.8 22.1 1.9 4.7 0.5 1.6 -1.5 3.6 3.2 3.0 1.9 3.4 3.2 3.7 3.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.5 -1.0 0.7 0.4 -1.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.1
High blood pressure (mother) 0.7 1.0 5.6 0.7 2.4 0.2 1.8 1.3 -1.2 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.9 3.8 22.8 2.0 4.8 0.3 2.0 -1.0 0.6 1.5 0.4 2.7 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4
Impedance of leg (left) 1.0 4.6 10.8 -1.8 -2.9 -0.8 -1.2 2.5 -3.2 -1.9 -0.9 -3.3 -2.0 -1.9 -2.0 -1.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 2.2 11.6 47.7 3.0 6.9 1.2 2.6 -2.1 3.7 3.2 2.5 3.4 3.3 2.9 3.4 3.1
Trunk fat mass 2.5 10.5 45.4 3.3 6.7 0.6 3.4 -1.0 1.9 3.2 2.1 3.4 3.2 2.8 3.2 3.1
Waist circumference 1.3 4.8 23.5 1.9 4.8 -0.1 2.2 -1.3 0.6 1.9 0.9 2.9 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.3 5.1 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.2 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 2.3 1.1 1.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.4 0.8 2.0 -0.4 -0.9 0.1 0.3 -1.3 0.9 0.6 0.9 1.4 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 0.9 9.1 -0.9 -3.0 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.3
Nervous feelings 0.7 1.4 8.7 -1.7 0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.5 -2.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.9 0.5 -0.9 -0.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.7 0.5 1.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.9 -1.6 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.6 1.0 4.1 1.5 2.0 1.3 0.9 1.3 -0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.6 0.6 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.9 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6
Had menopause 0.8 1.0 7.1 -0.2 -2.7 -0.7 0.7 0.6 -1.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3
Had other major operations 1.7 2.1 5.9 1.4 0.6 1.7 2.4 1.0 0.3 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.5 1.8 9.9 -0.1 3.1 0.9 0.0 0.9 1.6 1.0 1.5 -1.2 1.0 -0.6 1.5 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.6 1.3 5.0 -0.2 -0.2 1.2 0.4 2.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.8 1.0 5.7 0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -2.4 0.2 0.8 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.2 2.5 -0.4 -1.2 0.0 0.4 1.6 -0.2 -1.2 -1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.7 2.5 1.6 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.1 1.7 7.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -2.7 0.9 0.6 1.9 1.4 0.8 2.3 1.0 0.7
Heart attack 0.4 0.6 3.9 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 2.0 0.2 -0.3 1.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.3
Allergy 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.8 -1.0 -0.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.5
Pain all over the body in last month 0.5 0.5 2.0 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.0 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.7
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.6 0.9 2.6 0.9 1.0 -0.8 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 -1.2 0.6 0.7
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.1 -0.0 0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.5 0.5
Medication: Ramipril 1.1 1.4 4.4 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.6 1.4 0.8 1.8 1.4 2.1 1.3 1.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.7 1.0 3.6 1.3 0.7 -1.0 1.9 0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.6 1.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Fluid intelligence score 0.5 1.0 8.6 0.2 0.7 2.9 0.6 1.2 -1.0 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.2
Neuroticism score 0.7 1.4 8.6 -0.8 1.2 -0.6 -1.6 -0.4 -2.9 -0.8 -0.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9
Weight 2.0 10.0 47.4 3.0 6.9 0.5 2.9 -1.3 2.2 2.9 2.0 3.4 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.4 2.2 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.9 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.3 5.0 25.0 2.0 5.0 0.2 2.3 -1.6 1.2 2.0 0.8 3.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9
Trunk fat-free mass 0.9 4.9 28.1 1.6 5.3 0.7 1.8 -1.1 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.8
Hip circumference 1.7 7.2 26.4 2.6 5.1 1.1 2.5 -1.6 2.4 2.4 1.6 3.5 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4
Time employed in main current job 1.3 1.5 3.3 1.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.5 0.5 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.5 0.3 1.6 1.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 2.1 3.1 7.4 -2.7 0.5 -0.8 -2.7 -0.2 -1.6 -2.0 -2.3 -0.7 -2.0 0.5 -2.1 -2.1
Father’s age at death 1.0 1.3 2.3 1.5 -1.2 -0.7 1.3 -0.4 0.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 2.0 3.7 8.9 -2.6 -0.1 -0.7 -1.6 0.8 -3.0 -2.2 -1.4 -2.3 -2.3 -1.3 -2.2 -2.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 4.1 -1.0 1.7 2.0 -1.1 -1.4 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Falls in the last year 0.3 0.4 2.2 0.1 1.5 -1.1 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.4 2.3 0.2 1.5 0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.5
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 5.6 -1.0 -1.1 -2.4 -0.4 -1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.2 7.6 -0.6 2.8 0.5 -0.2 1.4 0.8 0.3 0.6 -1.4 0.4 -0.8 0.8 0.6
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.8 0.9
Happiness 3.0 3.7 6.6 1.9 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -2.3 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.1
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 0.8 2.2 0.7 1.5 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.7 1.1 -0.2 1.3 1.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.3 1.5 3.4 1.2 1.9 -1.5 0.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.5 -0.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.0 -0.9 -0.1 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.2
Asthma 0.3 0.6 1.8 -1.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 -0.8 0.0 -1.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.1 1.4 6.2 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.3 2.5 -0.2 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 -1.9 0.3 0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.3 3.3 1.1 1.8 0.3 1.2 -0.7 1.8 1.0 0.1 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0
Depression (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 8.8 0.5 3.0 1.1 -0.1 -1.6 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.9 1.1 3.5 0.3 1.9 0.7 0.9 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0
Prospective memory result 0.3 0.4 3.2 0.4 1.8 -1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.2
Lung cancer (father) 1.5 1.8 7.1 1.5 -1.4 -0.7 1.8 2.7 -1.0 1.3 1.3 0.2 1.2 -0.2 0.9 1.2
Illnesses of mother 0.7 0.9 4.2 -1.1 -1.6 -0.0 -2.0 -1.4 0.2 -0.6 -1.1 0.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.4 5.6 0.1 2.4 0.9 0.7 2.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 -1.1 0.9 -0.8 1.2 1.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.7 0.8 4.2 0.2 -2.0 -1.8 0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 0.8 2.2 0.6 -1.1 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.5 -0.4 1.1 0.5 1.0 1.1
Arm fat mass (right) 1.9 8.0 40.0 2.7 6.3 0.4 2.7 -1.7 1.7 2.6 1.4 3.3 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.4
Trunk predicted mass 0.9 4.9 28.8 1.6 5.4 0.7 1.8 -1.1 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.8
Standing height 1.1 11.4 28.8 2.9 5.4 1.1 2.7 -0.5 3.8 3.6 3.9 1.9 3.8 2.9 4.2 3.8
Length of working week for main job 1.7 1.9 6.7 0.6 2.6 2.4 0.7 1.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -2.5 -0.7 -0.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.3 1.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.1 0.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 0.3 1.3 -0.4 0.2 -1.0 0.4 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.9 1.5 6.4 -0.8 -0.8 -2.2 -1.3 -1.1 -2.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.8 4.6 -0.9 0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -2.1 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.8 1.9 3.9 -1.7 -1.1 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 -1.8 -1.8 -1.5 -0.0 -1.8 0.3 -2.0 -1.9
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 3.2 -0.4 1.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.5 1.2 6.5 0.1 1.7 0.9 1.0 2.5 0.7 0.3 0.7 -1.3 0.3 -1.2 0.6 0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.8 0.9 2.7 1.0 -1.0 0.2 1.6 1.2 1.3 0.6 0.8 -0.2 0.6 -1.3 0.7 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.8 1.0 4.0 1.4 -0.6 -2.0 0.8 0.6 -0.1 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.8 -1.1 0.9 0.8
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.7 1.1 1.2 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.7 1.3 1.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.2 2.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.8 -0.3 0.1 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.3 1.7 3.2 -1.2 1.7 0.4 -0.6 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.3 -1.8 -1.2 -1.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.2 1.5 4.6 -2.1 -1.3 1.5 -0.6 0.3 1.4 -1.3 -0.7 -1.4 -1.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3
Medication: Paracetamol 1.0 1.6 2.8 -0.8 0.6 1.3 -0.3 1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -1.5
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.8 0.2 1.5 -0.7 0.4 0.5 -1.0 0.3 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.0 1.6 4.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -1.6 0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.1 -2.0 -1.3 -2.1 -1.2 -1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 3.8 -0.2 -0.3 -1.9 -1.7 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.4
Gout (self-reported) 1.5 2.1 8.7 2.1 3.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 2.0 -0.2 -1.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.6 0.8 6.1 -0.1 2.5 1.0 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 1.4 0.0 0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.9 1.2 2.6 -1.6 0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.6 -1.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Birth weight 0.8 1.8 12.5 1.4 1.2 -0.1 1.1 0.9 3.5 1.0 1.1 -0.1 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 2.0 0.7 1.4 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.9 7.5 0.6 2.7 1.0 0.8 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.6 -0.9 1.3 -0.6 1.6 1.4
Body fat percentage 1.4 5.6 28.2 2.4 5.3 0.4 2.6 -0.7 0.8 2.2 1.1 2.7 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.2 18.0 1.0 4.2 0.1 1.8 0.4 -1.2 0.5 -0.4 1.6 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.1 5.9 36.2 2.0 6.0 0.2 2.0 -0.7 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.7 0.9 4.2 1.7 0.9 -0.0 1.4 2.1 -0.3 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6
Comparative body size at age 10 2.0 5.4 29.1 2.1 5.4 -0.5 1.6 -2.8 2.2 1.8 0.3 2.8 1.7 0.8 1.8 1.7
Number of full brothers 1.1 1.4 3.2 0.1 -0.6 -1.7 -0.9 1.5 -1.8 -0.9 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.5 3.0 0.2 1.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8 0.4 1.0 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.4
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.8 1.0 4.2 -2.0 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9 0.8 -0.9 -0.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.5 3.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 -1.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8
Number of children fathered 0.7 0.7 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.1
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.7 2.9 -0.9 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -1.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.9 1.0 6.5 0.2 2.5 1.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.6 1.5 0.5 0.5
Health satisfaction 2.4 3.2 4.9 2.1 -0.8 0.7 1.4 -1.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.8 2.0 2.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.7 2.0 3.4 -1.7 -0.8 -1.6 -1.0 0.4 0.6 -1.8 -0.4 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.9 3.7 0.1 1.9 0.7 -0.9 -1.3 1.6 0.5 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.7 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.0 2.4 4.4 -1.8 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.6 -1.3 -1.9 -1.6 -2.1 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.6 2.6 1.2 -1.2 0.6 0.8 -0.4 1.6 -0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.2 4.0 0.7 -2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.9 -0.3 0.9 1.4 0.4 1.0 -0.4 1.1 1.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.8 2.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.1 -0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.9 1.0
Medication: Blood pressure 1.1 1.9 7.1 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.1 -0.3 0.6 1.2 0.6 2.3 1.4 2.7 1.2 1.2
Angina (self-reported) 1.1 1.5 6.7 0.9 1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -2.6 1.3 0.6 0.1 2.2 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.6
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 7.1 0.2 1.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.7 2.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.8 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.8 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 -1.5 0.2 0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 3.0 4.1 8.6 2.6 2.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.5 2.9 2.5 2.2 1.6 2.3 1.6 2.3 2.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 0.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.1 1.3 3.3 -1.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 1.5 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5 -1.8 -1.4 -0.4 -1.4 -1.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.6 2.7 1.3 -1.6 0.5 0.3 -0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.1 1.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 6.4 -0.9 -0.5 -1.4 -0.4 0.9 -2.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 3.1 3.7 7.8 -2.8 -1.5 -0.7 -2.2 -0.2 -1.4 -2.5 -1.9 -1.1 -2.5 -1.0 -2.5 -2.5
Whole body fat mass 2.0 8.3 42.0 2.9 6.5 0.3 3.0 -1.0 1.5 2.7 1.4 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.6
Leg fat mass (right) 1.3 5.0 35.6 1.8 6.0 0.3 2.3 -0.9 0.5 1.5 0.6 2.5 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.2 6.4 36.0 2.2 6.0 0.6 2.2 -0.5 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.1
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.6 2.9 -0.1 0.5 1.0 -0.2 -0.0 -1.7 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.7 0.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.1 0.3 2.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 0.5 1.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1
Comparative height size at age 10 1.3 7.3 31.9 2.9 5.7 0.6 2.3 0.2 2.7 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.8 1.7 2.9 2.8
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.1 -1.3 0.8 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.8 1.2 10.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 0.6 -3.3 -0.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7
Overall health rating 0.4 0.8 3.1 -1.0 1.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.9 -1.1 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 -1.1 -1.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.6 2.9 -0.4 1.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Had major operations 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 -0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.1
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.8 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 -1.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.3
Family relationship satisfaction 2.0 2.4 6.4 2.5 -0.5 0.2 1.3 -1.0 1.5 1.8 2.4 1.2 1.7 0.2 1.8 1.8
Leg pain on walking 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 1.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.4 -0.6 -1.4 -0.7 0.1 1.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.5 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.8 -0.8 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.7 -1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -1.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7
Medication: Aspirin 2.7 3.6 8.6 1.9 1.9 -0.4 1.7 -0.4 2.8 1.6 0.7 2.9 1.8 2.9 1.4 1.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.7 2.0 5.7 1.2 -1.4 0.3 0.9 -1.8 2.4 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.5 0.9 1.3 1.4
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 2.7 -0.0 1.6 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.4 0.4
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.0 2.7 10.3 0.8 2.9 1.0 0.6 0.3 -1.4 1.2 0.4 2.7 1.3 3.2 1.1 1.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.1 1.3 3.4 -1.9 -1.5 -0.0 -1.2 -0.7 0.4 -1.4 -0.9 -0.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.9 2.7 8.6 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 -1.9 0.8 1.7 1.5 2.9 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.8 0.9 3.9 1.2 -0.6 0.1 1.1 0.1 2.0 0.9 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.1 1.0
Smoking status: Previous 0.7 1.1 3.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 1.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.6 3.2 -0.1 1.8 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.1 0.9 0.6
Whole body fat-free mass 1.5 8.3 39.1 2.4 6.2 0.9 2.3 -1.5 3.0 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.9 2.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 2.4 12.8 45.4 3.4 6.7 1.0 2.8 -2.1 4.1 3.5 2.7 3.6 3.5 2.9 3.7 3.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.5 6.1 31.1 2.4 5.6 0.2 2.7 -1.3 1.2 2.2 1.1 3.1 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.1
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.1 -1.4 0.5 0.2 -1.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.6 0.8 0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.9 2.7 -0.8 1.6 -0.2 -1.5 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9
Mood swings 1.8 3.2 4.6 -1.6 1.3 1.3 -1.7 -0.8 -2.2 -2.0 -1.7 -1.6 -2.2 -1.9 -2.1 -2.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 1.0 5.5 0.1 1.2 2.3 0.5 -0.4 -2.4 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 1.0 2.2 -1.5 -0.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.9 1.2 -0.8 -1.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 2.5 -0.7 -1.6 0.7 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.9 4.2 0.7 1.0 -0.6 2.1 1.6 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.7 0.7 0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.8 1.9 5.0 0.8 0.1 -1.0 0.1 -2.0 0.4 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.9 1.5 1.4
Friendships satisfaction 2.9 3.6 7.2 2.7 -0.2 1.3 1.4 -0.9 1.3 2.3 2.5 1.7 2.4 1.3 2.5 2.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.5 2.8 0.2 -1.7 1.0 1.2 0.2 -0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.5 -0.1 1.4 1.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -1.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 3.9 4.5 7.9 2.2 0.5 1.7 1.9 -0.8 1.0 2.8 2.6 1.8 2.7 2.3 2.6 2.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.6 2.6 6.1 -0.5 -2.0 -1.0 0.2 2.5 -1.9 -1.3 -1.2 -2.2 -1.4 -2.2 -1.4 -1.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.0 -0.9 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.7 -1.1 0.0 -1.4 0.2 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.6 -0.0 -0.5 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 0.8 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.0
Back pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.4 1.1 1.6 1.6 -0.4 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.6 0.8 3.2 -0.4 1.3 -1.8 0.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.9 -1.7 -1.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -0.2 -1.3 -1.0 0.3 -1.0 -1.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.5 1.1 2.9 -1.7 0.2 -1.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 4.7 -1.7 -2.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 0.7 -1.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.4 0.4 0.4 -1.6 -0.6 0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.1
Medication: Aspirin 3.3 4.3 9.3 1.9 1.9 -0.2 1.9 -0.4 3.0 2.0 1.2 3.0 2.2 3.0 1.8 2.0
Medication: Gliclazide 0.6 0.7 5.6 0.7 0.2 -0.2 1.4 2.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.2 1.4 4.3 -2.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 1.6 1.2 -1.2 -0.6 -2.1 -1.1 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 4.4 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 2.1 -1.4 0.6 0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.7 0.6
Whole body water mass 1.5 8.3 40.4 2.4 6.4 0.8 2.2 -1.6 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.8 2.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 2.4 12.7 46.4 3.4 6.8 1.0 2.8 -2.0 4.1 3.4 2.6 3.6 3.5 2.8 3.7 3.4
Arm fat mass (left) 1.8 7.6 40.2 2.7 6.3 0.1 2.7 -1.4 1.6 2.4 1.3 3.2 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.1 2.0 7.9 0.5 1.3 1.0 -0.1 -1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.2 2.8 1.2 1.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.2 1.6 6.7 0.9 -0.2 2.6 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.2 0.7 1.3 0.0 1.5 1.3
Miserableness 0.5 0.9 2.9 -0.7 1.4 0.4 -0.8 0.6 -1.7 -0.8 -0.3 -1.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8
Guilty feelings 0.3 0.5 2.5 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 -1.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -1.4 -0.0 0.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.4 -0.9 1.1 0.6 -1.0 1.2 0.8 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.8
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.3 1.4 3.1 1.4 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -1.5 -0.4 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.0 -0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.0 -1.1 0.0 0.1
Mother’s age at death 0.4 0.4 2.0 -0.4 -1.2 -0.6 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 1.4 -0.3 -0.4
Financial situation satisfaction 0.9 1.1 3.5 1.8 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.2 1.9 1.0 1.4 0.6 1.0 -0.2 1.1 1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.9 1.1 6.3 0.4 1.1 2.1 1.2 2.5 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.6 0.7 4.1 -0.2 -0.1 -2.0 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.7 2.6 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 1.6 0.4 1.3 0.0 0.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.7 0.9 3.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 0.2 -0.3 1.2 1.1 2.0 -1.2 1.0 -0.3 1.1 1.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.3 1.7 3.9 1.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.0 -1.2 2.0 1.2 1.0 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.8 1.4 4.6 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.5 -1.0 1.2 1.0 -0.2 2.1 1.1 1.8 0.9 1.0
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.4 2.5 1.5 1.6 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.8 1.5 0.7 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.6 2.1 -0.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 3.6 4.7 8.0 2.8 2.0 1.6 2.4 0.7 1.9 2.4 2.1 1.5 2.5 1.9 2.7 2.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.8 1.0 3.1 1.1 1.8 0.8 0.1 -0.3 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.5 1.9 8.8 0.9 3.0 -0.6 -1.4 -2.8 0.3 0.7 0.4 1.8 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.4 0.5 2.6 -0.9 -0.8 -1.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.3
Ever smoked 0.4 0.7 3.0 1.4 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.0 -1.5 0.0 0.2
Basal metabolic rate 1.6 9.0 44.4 2.5 6.7 0.8 2.4 -1.6 3.0 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.6 2.1 16.7 1.2 4.1 -0.1 1.7 0.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 1.8 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.0 5.3 37.3 1.6 6.1 0.3 1.4 -0.9 1.7 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.8 2.6 4.1 1.3 0.7 -0.0 2.0 -1.0 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.8 1.1 5.7 1.5 2.4 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.0 0.8 0.9
Irritability 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.4 1.4 0.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1
Risk taking 0.9 1.3 6.3 1.4 0.0 -1.2 0.1 1.9 -1.5 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -2.5 -0.2 -0.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.0 1.1 6.1 -1.4 -2.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 1.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.8 -1.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.9 2.4 6.4 -1.1 -1.5 -2.5 -1.2 0.2 -1.3 -1.5 -2.1 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 4.1 0.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.0 2.0 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.6 1.8 -0.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.1 -0.1 1.0 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8
Myopia 0.4 0.5 2.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.8 2.2 10.6 -0.0 -2.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.0 1.8 -0.4 0.2 -2.5 -0.6 -3.3 -0.4 -0.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.0 1.5 5.3 2.0 1.1 0.4 0.6 -0.8 1.2 1.1 -0.2 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.9 0.8 0.1 -0.5 1.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 -0.6
Pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.5 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 1.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -1.3 0.3 -1.0 0.2 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 4.0 1.5 -1.9 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.4 1.9 1.8 0.2 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 5.3 0.4 -0.0 -0.8 0.6 -0.6 2.3 0.2 -0.2 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.1 1.5 5.2 -2.3 -1.3 1.3 -0.7 -0.0 1.1 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 0.1 -1.3 -1.3
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 5.3 1.3 -0.5 1.4 1.1 2.3 0.7 0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.4
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.0 4.6 0.7 -0.0 1.1 0.8 -0.4 2.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.9
Impedance of whole body 0.2 1.1 4.5 -0.5 -2.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.4 -1.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 1.3 4.9 33.4 1.9 5.8 0.2 2.2 -1.1 0.7 1.6 0.6 2.7 1.6 2.0 1.5 1.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.1 5.6 35.0 1.9 5.9 0.3 1.7 -1.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9