Hub : Genes

TMEM170A

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.1080 0.0390 5.6e-04 0.004 NA 0.004 NA 0.008 1.4e-01 NA 1.4e-01 NA 6.7e-02
2 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.1075 0.0485 9.5e-03 0.063 NA 0.037 NA 0.000 2.7e-03 NA 1.7e-02 NA 3.2e-01
3 GTEx Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes 0.1330 0.0640 9.4e-03 0.066 NA -0.005 NA 0.022 3.5e-03 NA 5.0e-01 NA 6.2e-02
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.0778 0.0297 9.0e-04 0.003 NA 0.002 NA 0.000 1.5e-01 NA 1.9e-01 NA 3.6e-01
5 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1166 0.0413 3.1e-05 0.086 NA 0.109 NA 0.105 1.1e-06 NA 4.1e-08 NA 6.7e-08
6 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.0920 0.0400 3.4e-03 0.024 NA 0.024 NA 0.049 1.8e-02 NA 1.7e-02 NA 1.1e-03
7 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1350 0.0430 1.1e-05 0.083 NA 0.055 NA 0.059 2.2e-07 NA 2.4e-05 NA 1.2e-05
8 GTEx Thyroid 0.0900 0.0360 2.5e-03 0.018 NA -0.003 NA -0.001 1.5e-02 NA 7.1e-01 NA 4.0e-01
9 METSIM Adipose 0.0346 0.0152 1.9e-03 0.011 0.013 0.013 NA 0.016 7.0e-03 3.8e-03 3.4e-03 NA 1.5e-03
10 YFS Blood 0.0287 0.0133 5.2e-03 0.022 0.003 0.016 0.013 0.018 8.9e-08 3.0e-02 4.9e-06 2.1e-05 1.2e-06
11 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0820 0.0350 1.1e-06 0.097 0.128 0.106 NA 0.110 3.2e-06 9.1e-08 1.1e-06 NA 7.4e-07
12 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1360 0.0500 1.3e-04 0.017 0.046 0.042 NA 0.049 7.1e-03 2.5e-05 5.8e-05 NA 1.5e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.6 0.9 4.2 1.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.7 1.3 2.0 0.4 1.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.7 1.7 5.3 0.9 -1.0 1.7 0.0 0.5 -2.3 -1.2 -1.0 1.4 0.9 1.9 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 2.7 1.6 -1.1 1.1 0.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 -1.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.8 2.4 7.2 -0.3 -1.4 1.9 0.0 1.2 -2.7 -1.9 0.9 0.3 -1.5 1.9 -2.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.5 8.4 -0.0 -1.1 2.3 0.0 0.8 -2.9 -2.0 -0.7 0.8 -0.5 2.2 -1.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.2 0.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 1.0 1.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.7 -0.9 0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.0 -1.3 0.5 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.8 0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.2 1.3 -1.2 1.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -1.2 0.5 0.4 -1.3 0.4 1.5 -0.3 0.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.1 -1.2 1.4 0.0 1.1 -1.0 -1.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.3 5.5 10.7 1.4 -3.1 3.3 0.0 2.6 -2.8 -2.9 0.7 2.6 0.2 3.2 -1.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 3.4 6.3 12.0 2.4 -3.5 3.0 0.0 2.9 -2.8 -2.7 0.9 3.3 1.2 3.4 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0
Reaction Time 0.3 0.6 3.0 -1.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.7 0.2 -1.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 1.0 3.6 0.5 -1.2 1.0 0.0 0.7 -1.9 -0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.4 1.7 -0.7
Breast Cancer 0.4 0.9 3.1 -0.1 0.9 -1.3 0.0 -0.6 1.3 0.8 0.4 -1.1 -0.1 -1.8 0.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.1 2.7 -0.7 1.0 -1.6 0.0 -1.2 1.4 1.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -1.0 1.0
Prostate Cancer 0.9 1.3 4.7 1.7 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.7 -0.6 2.2
Age at First Birth 0.8 1.1 3.2 -1.8 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.6 -1.5 -0.4 -1.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.4 1.9 4.5 0.7 -1.7 2.1 0.0 1.5 -1.4 -2.1 0.9 1.0 -0.2 2.0 -0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 7.3 8.7 16.3 -2.8 3.8 -3.6 0.0 -3.1 3.9 3.6 -1.5 -3.4 -0.8 -4.0 0.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.9 1.5 3.3 0.8 -1.8 1.5 0.0 1.3 -1.4 -1.5 0.8 1.5 0.0 1.5 -0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.4 -0.4 1.1 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 1.0 -1.1
Fasting Glucose 1.9 2.2 7.6 2.8 -1.2 -0.7 0.0 1.2 0.3 1.0 0.8 2.1 2.2 0.4 2.1
HbA1C 0.7 0.7 2.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.0 -1.1 1.4 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -1.4 0.2
HDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 4.4 -0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 -1.5 -1.6 -0.5 -2.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -1.3
LDL Cholesterol 2.0 3.1 9.8 2.6 -1.9 -0.0 0.0 1.3 0.4 -0.0 0.8 2.6 3.1 1.1 2.5
Lupus 0.5 0.7 3.6 0.9 -1.0 0.5 0.0 1.3 -0.0 -0.9 1.9 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.0
Neuroticism (2016) 0.7 1.0 3.7 -0.9 0.1 0.6 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.6 -1.9
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 2.1 2.9 9.4 -1.0 -1.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 -3.1 -2.2 -1.4 0.6 -0.8 2.3 -2.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.6 3.8 1.4 -1.4 1.2 0.0 1.0 -1.4 -1.4 -0.2 2.0 1.5 1.6 0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.6 1.2 4.7 0.2 -0.6 1.6 0.0 0.1 -2.2 -1.2 -1.0 0.6 -0.0 1.7 -1.3
Triglycerides 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.8 -0.8 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.1 2.4 7.5 1.3 0.7 -2.0 0.0 0.2 2.7 2.2 1.6 -0.4 0.8 -1.2 2.4
Ulcerative Colitis 5.8 8.4 19.4 2.4 -3.8 3.6 0.0 3.1 -3.8 -3.3 1.1 3.2 0.7 4.4 -1.3
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2
Blood Platelet Count 3.7 43.1 82.6 -6.0 9.1 -8.1 0.0 -8.7 5.8 7.9 -6.4 -6.9 -1.0 -8.4 1.5
Blood Red Count 0.0 0.4 1.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3
Blood White Count 1.1 7.9 19.3 -0.5 2.7 -3.9 0.0 -3.2 3.1 4.4 -2.8 -0.8 2.5 -3.1 2.8
Heel T-Score 0.6 5.1 10.7 3.1 -2.6 -0.1 0.0 2.6 0.8 0.3 2.2 3.3 3.1 1.8 3.0
BMI 1.6 9.2 26.5 2.1 -3.6 4.1 0.0 3.1 -3.8 -3.8 1.1 2.6 -0.0 5.2 -2.0
Height 1.5 29.2 60.2 -5.6 7.8 -6.1 0.0 -5.8 5.4 5.3 -3.5 -7.2 -2.6 -7.6 0.8
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.5 3.1 1.7 -1.7 1.5 0.0 1.8 -0.6 -0.8 1.0 1.6 0.4 1.6 -0.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 11.6 58.1 116.6 -8.5 10.8 -8.3 0.0 -9.7 6.0 7.9 -6.7 -9.6 -3.2 -10.0 0.1
Smoking Status 0.2 0.6 2.7 -1.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 -1.7 0.3 -1.3
Allergy or Eczema 5.0 13.2 29.9 3.1 -4.8 4.2 0.0 3.9 -4.8 -4.2 2.0 4.0 0.7 5.5 -1.4
Cardiovascular Disease 3.2 10.5 27.7 -3.0 4.6 -3.3 0.0 -3.0 2.8 2.9 -0.4 -5.3 -3.5 -4.4 -0.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.9 4.3 -1.9 1.3 -1.4 0.0 -2.1 1.0 1.8 -1.8 -1.1 0.3 -1.5 0.3
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.3 3.9 -2.0 1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -1.7 -1.8 -0.6 -1.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.0 1.8 9.5 1.6 0.1 -0.7 0.0 1.0 1.7 1.4 3.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 1.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 34.2 173.7 343.3 16.3 -18.5 13.5 0.0 16.9 -9.0 -12.0 12.5 16.8 6.9 17.1 2.0
Lung FVC 0.9 4.8 9.7 1.6 -3.0 2.3 0.0 3.1 -2.2 -2.5 2.4 2.6 0.4 2.6 -0.3
Neuroticism 0.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 -0.8 1.0 0.0 0.9 -0.8 -0.8 0.5 0.9 -0.0 1.1 -0.3
Chronotype (morning person) 1.3 3.0 7.4 -2.7 2.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.5 0.8 1.0 -2.4 -2.0 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.5 3.8 -0.8 1.4 -1.8 0.0 -0.7 1.9 1.7 0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -1.5 1.1
Tanning 0.1 1.3 3.7 0.8 -1.2 1.0 0.0 1.6 -1.9 -1.7 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.1
Hand grip strength (left) 1.9 5.1 10.5 -2.1 3.2 -3.2 0.0 -1.9 2.4 2.6 -0.6 -2.8 -1.0 -3.2 1.0
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.9 1.6 4.5 -1.4 1.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.8 0.0 0.8 -1.3 -2.1 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 3.3 4.1 8.8 2.2 -2.8 2.1 0.0 2.5 -1.5 -2.0 2.2 2.3 0.5 3.0 -0.0
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.8 1.5 2.7 1.0 -1.6 1.5 0.0 1.6 -1.4 -1.3 1.6 1.0 -0.2 1.3 -0.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.6 2.7 0.5 -0.4 1.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 1.1 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.3 1.2 1.1 -0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 0.9 1.9 3.7 -1.3 1.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.1 1.3 1.8 -0.9 -0.3 1.5 -1.7 1.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.7 0.9 3.9 1.4 -1.0 0.8 0.0 1.4 -0.3 -1.1 2.0 0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.1 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.0 1.2 3.2 0.7 -1.4 1.4 0.0 0.9 -1.5 -1.1 0.3 1.1 0.9 1.8 0.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 7.8 22.8 43.9 -5.5 6.6 -5.0 0.0 -6.3 4.1 4.8 -4.2 -6.0 -1.4 -6.2 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 1.2 -0.7 -1.4 0.1 -0.8
Angina 4.2 5.6 11.3 -2.1 3.4 -2.5 0.0 -3.1 1.5 2.9 -1.9 -3.3 -1.6 -2.7 -0.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.8 2.1 -1.1 1.0 -0.4 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.8 1.1 5.3 1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.0 2.0 0.6 -0.6 2.3 0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.7 1.7 -1.2 0.9 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 0.2 0.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0
Medication: Co-codamol 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.9 -0.1 1.0
Medication: Metformin 1.1 1.5 3.9 1.0 0.8 -1.4 0.0 0.1 2.0 1.6 2.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 1.2
Diabetes (father) 1.4 1.8 5.5 1.8 -1.4 0.1 0.0 1.6 1.1 0.2 2.3 1.4 1.0 0.7 1.7
Diabetes (mother) 1.3 1.6 8.4 2.9 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.2 1.8
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 4.8 -1.0 0.9 -0.0 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 0.1 -2.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.2 -0.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.9 -0.6 0.5 0.0 1.2 -0.5 -0.6 1.0 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.2
Impedance of leg (right) 2.0 9.6 21.2 0.6 2.2 -4.6 0.0 -1.9 4.5 4.6 0.3 -0.4 2.3 -4.4 4.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.0 8.1 -0.9 -0.4 2.3 0.0 1.1 -2.1 -2.5 -0.2 -0.8 -2.1 2.0 -2.9
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.1 5.0 1.2 -1.4 1.1 0.0 1.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 1.2 0.5 2.2 -0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 2.2 5.9 12.1 -2.4 3.4 -3.5 0.0 -2.2 2.6 3.1 -1.0 -2.7 -0.5 -3.3 1.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.6 0.9 4.0 -0.5 -0.0 1.2 0.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2 0.9 -2.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.9 -0.6 0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.4 -1.0 0.9 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.7 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 -0.4 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.3
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 1.8 1.2 -1.0 1.0 0.0 0.6 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 1.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.8 -0.6 1.4 0.0 0.1 -1.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 1.3 -1.1
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.7 2.6 0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.0 1.3 -0.9 -1.0 1.6 0.0 -1.1 0.2 -0.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.2 0.3 1.2 1.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.4 0.9 3.8 1.2 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.5 1.4 2.0 0.7 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.9 1.0 2.4 0.8 -1.1 1.3 0.0 1.1 -1.4 -1.6 1.0 0.5 -0.3 1.3 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.2 3.3 1.7 -1.3 0.5 0.0 1.8 0.2 -0.6 1.8 0.9 0.2 1.0 0.6
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.5 2.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.4 0.0 0.2 -1.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.9 0.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.6 1.3 -0.7 0.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.9 0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.2 2.7 5.6 1.4 -1.9 2.4 0.0 2.0 -1.7 -2.0 1.3 1.1 -0.8 2.0 -1.5
High blood pressure 3.4 9.4 27.6 -3.8 4.3 -2.2 0.0 -3.2 1.1 1.7 -1.4 -5.3 -4.1 -3.5 -2.0
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 4.2 9.1 19.2 2.4 -4.1 3.5 0.0 3.5 -3.7 -3.6 2.2 3.0 0.1 4.4 -1.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.9 1.1 4.8 0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.0 -1.4 -0.2 0.8 -1.8 0.8 2.2 -0.1 1.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.8 4.9 8.3 -2.7 2.9 -2.6 0.0 -2.8 2.4 2.5 -2.2 -2.1 0.2 -2.4 1.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.3 2.8 5.6 0.9 -1.9 2.0 0.0 2.4 -2.2 -2.2 1.9 1.0 -0.9 1.7 -1.3
Medication: Atenolol 3.0 3.8 9.6 -1.4 2.6 -2.1 0.0 -3.1 0.6 2.4 -2.5 -2.4 -0.5 -2.1 -0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.2 3.0 -0.7 1.0 -1.1 0.0 -1.7 0.6 1.2 -1.7 -0.3 1.2 -1.0 1.1
Sitting height 0.1 0.8 3.0 1.0 -0.9 0.8 0.0 1.7 -0.7 -1.4 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.3 2.7 6.0 -1.6 2.3 -1.8 0.0 -2.1 1.3 1.3 -1.9 -1.8 -0.6 -2.4 -0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 6.9 9.7 21.4 -3.6 4.6 -3.0 0.0 -4.2 1.6 2.3 -3.4 -4.1 -1.5 -4.1 -0.6
Body mass index (BMI) 1.8 7.6 23.1 1.6 -3.2 3.8 0.0 2.9 -3.2 -3.3 1.2 2.1 -0.4 4.8 -2.2
Impedance of leg (left) 2.3 11.1 25.0 0.8 2.2 -4.8 0.0 -2.2 4.9 5.0 0.2 -0.3 2.6 -4.5 4.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.2 8.5 -0.9 -0.5 2.4 0.0 1.2 -2.2 -2.6 -0.2 -0.7 -2.2 2.1 -2.9
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.9 4.3 0.8 -1.1 1.3 0.0 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.2 2.1 -0.5
Waist circumference 0.9 3.2 11.2 0.6 -1.8 2.6 0.0 1.6 -2.2 -2.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.4 3.4 -1.9
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.7 2.8 6.7 -1.6 2.0 -1.9 0.0 -2.6 1.4 2.0 -1.7 -1.4 -0.0 -2.3 0.5
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.8 1.3 -0.6 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.9 1.3 0.2 0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.2 1.9 4.5 0.5 -1.4 2.1 0.0 1.2 -2.1 -1.9 -0.0 0.7 -0.1 2.0 -1.3
Nervous feelings 0.8 1.5 6.3 -1.2 0.2 1.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -2.0 0.8 -2.5
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.9 2.9 5.6 2.1 -2.4 2.3 0.0 1.8 -1.9 -1.8 1.0 1.9 0.4 2.2 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.6 2.0 4.1 -1.3 1.8 -2.0 0.0 -1.5 1.8 1.6 -0.4 -1.6 -0.2 -2.0 1.0
Had menopause 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.0 1.0 0.1 0.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.8 0.8
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 2.2 1.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 -0.0 0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.0 3.4 -0.9 1.0 -1.3 0.0 0.2 1.4 0.8 0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -1.8 0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.6 1.3 3.2 1.8 -1.6 0.9 0.0 1.8 -0.2 -0.7 1.8 0.9 -0.2 1.2 -0.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.5
Qualifications: None of the above 1.0 2.1 4.8 0.7 -1.8 1.9 0.0 1.9 -1.6 -1.5 1.3 1.0 -0.5 2.2 -1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.4 1.9 6.4 -0.6 -0.6 1.7 0.0 -0.2 -2.5 -1.4 -0.7 -0.3 -1.5 1.3 -2.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.1 1.7 4.2 0.5 0.8 -1.7 0.0 -1.3 2.1 1.9 -0.8 -0.1 1.4 -1.2 1.8
Heart attack 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.0 1.4 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.3 -1.4 -0.5 -1.2 0.4
Allergy 2.9 6.7 14.4 -1.8 3.4 -3.0 0.0 -3.1 3.5 3.1 -2.2 -2.1 0.5 -3.8 1.5
Pain all over the body in last month 2.1 2.2 4.7 0.4 -1.5 2.2 0.0 2.0 -1.6 -2.1 0.9 0.8 -1.1 1.8 -1.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.6 1.0 4.3 0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.0 0.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 -1.1 -1.4 -0.2 0.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 1.0 -1.0
Medication: Ramipril 1.1 1.5 6.6 -0.9 1.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.9 -2.2 -2.6 -0.9 -1.3
Medication: Simvastatin 1.8 2.6 4.8 -1.7 2.1 -2.0 0.0 -1.9 1.3 2.2 -1.2 -2.2 -0.9 -1.9 -0.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.9 2.6 7.7 1.6 -2.3 1.2 0.0 1.7 -0.7 -1.1 0.6 2.8 1.8 2.4 0.6
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 -0.4 0.9 0.0 0.5 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.9 -0.5
Weight 0.3 1.3 4.0 0.0 -0.7 1.6 0.0 1.1 -1.3 -1.5 0.1 0.0 -0.9 2.0 -1.5
Impedance of arm (right) 0.9 4.0 9.8 -0.8 2.0 -2.6 0.0 -2.1 3.1 2.8 -1.2 -1.0 0.7 -3.0 1.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.5 5.7 18.1 1.8 -3.0 3.3 0.0 2.8 -2.2 -2.6 1.2 2.2 -0.1 4.3 -1.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 2.2 -1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 -1.4 -1.5 -0.1 -1.4
Hip circumference 0.2 0.7 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 1.1 0.0 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 1.6 -1.2
Time employed in main current job 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.0 1.5 3.0 1.0 -1.4 1.7 0.0 1.6 -1.2 -1.6 1.3 1.0 -0.3 1.4 -0.6
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.9 -0.2 0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.5 1.0 2.1 -1.1 1.4 -1.1 0.0 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -1.4 0.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 3.0 1.7 -1.4 1.2 0.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 1.1 0.3 1.1 -0.1
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.2 1.7 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -1.3 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.8
Number of live births 0.6 0.9 2.3 0.2 -1.4 1.5 0.0 0.6 -0.5 -1.4 -0.1 1.2 0.5 1.4 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 2.5 8.4 21.3 3.3 -3.9 2.7 0.0 4.6 -1.4 -2.7 3.9 3.4 0.8 3.1 0.5
Pulse rate 0.6 1.0 3.2 1.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 1.3 0.8 0.1 1.8 1.1 1.1 0.2 1.3
Happiness 1.1 1.3 3.3 0.5 0.8 -1.8 0.0 0.0 1.8 1.3 1.3 -0.8 -0.2 -1.8 1.3
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -1.0 0.9 1.6 0.2 0.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.6 1.5 -1.0 1.1 -0.6 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 0.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.3 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.6 0.9 1.7 -0.2 -0.9 1.3 0.0 1.0 -1.2 -1.3 1.2 -0.1 -1.0 1.2 -1.0
Asthma 0.9 1.7 4.5 -2.0 1.9 -0.9 0.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -2.1 -1.8 -1.6 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 2.3 3.0 5.3 1.2 -2.1 2.2 0.0 2.3 -2.2 -2.3 0.9 1.7 0.1 2.2 -1.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 3.2 4.9 12.9 -2.1 3.0 -2.1 0.0 -2.0 2.1 2.4 -0.5 -3.6 -2.5 -2.6 -0.7
Depression (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 8.6 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.7 -1.8 1.6 2.9 0.4 1.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.6 0.7 1.8 -1.3 0.7 -0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.8 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9
Prospective memory result 1.0 1.2 4.2 -0.1 -0.7 1.4 0.0 0.2 -1.5 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -1.5 1.3 -2.0
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 -1.0 1.0 0.0 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.1 1.2 -0.5
Illnesses of mother 2.4 2.9 7.3 1.3 -2.4 1.8 0.0 2.7 -1.2 -1.8 2.0 1.8 -0.0 2.2 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.4 7.8 19.0 3.2 -3.7 2.7 0.0 4.4 -1.5 -2.8 3.8 3.0 0.4 3.0 0.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 4.8 5.6 12.2 1.7 -2.9 3.0 0.0 3.0 -2.3 -3.5 2.5 1.5 -1.3 2.7 -1.9
Impedance of arm (left) 1.0 4.7 12.7 -0.2 2.0 -2.9 0.0 -2.0 3.6 3.1 -1.1 -0.7 1.3 -3.0 2.3
Arm fat mass (right) 1.1 4.7 14.4 1.3 -2.5 3.1 0.0 2.5 -2.3 -2.7 1.0 1.6 -0.4 3.8 -1.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.8 2.1 -1.1 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -1.3 -1.5 -0.1 -1.3
Standing height 1.5 14.6 37.0 -3.5 5.4 -4.7 0.0 -3.9 4.1 3.8 -2.2 -4.6 -1.1 -6.1 1.5
Length of working week for main job 1.9 2.1 5.9 2.3 -1.5 0.3 0.0 2.4 -0.2 -0.6 2.1 1.9 1.2 0.8 1.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 2.0 2.3 5.3 2.0 -2.1 1.2 0.0 2.2 -0.9 -1.1 2.3 1.8 0.4 1.6 0.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 1.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.4 -0.6 0.8 0.0 1.1 -0.5 -0.8 1.1 0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 2.7 1.5 -0.8 0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 1.3 1.6 0.5 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.5 3.5 10.4 0.8 -2.1 3.1 0.0 1.2 -2.2 -2.1 -0.2 1.6 -0.2 3.2 -2.0
Birth weight of first child 8.2 14.8 27.9 4.6 -5.3 3.7 0.0 5.2 -2.2 -3.2 4.4 4.8 1.9 5.1 1.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 6.2 14.5 28.7 4.1 -5.4 4.2 0.0 5.2 -2.5 -3.7 3.7 4.8 1.4 4.9 0.0
Pulse wave reflection index 3.7 4.6 11.7 0.5 -1.6 2.9 0.0 1.8 -3.4 -3.4 0.8 0.3 -2.1 2.2 -2.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.5 0.6 2.8 -0.4 0.7 -1.1 0.0 -0.2 1.7 1.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.6
Loud music exposure frequency 1.2 1.3 4.7 2.2 -1.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.6 1.1 1.7 1.5 0.4 1.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.1 1.7 4.6 -1.4 1.8 -0.7 0.0 -2.2 0.5 0.9 -2.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.5 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.6 2.0 4.0 1.7 -2.0 1.6 0.0 1.8 -1.5 -1.3 1.1 1.5 0.7 2.0 -0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 3.8 6.3 13.0 2.6 -3.6 2.4 0.0 3.1 -1.9 -2.5 2.1 3.6 1.8 3.1 0.6
Headache pain in last month 8.8 15.2 29.9 3.7 -5.4 4.4 0.0 5.5 -3.3 -4.5 3.9 4.6 1.3 4.7 -0.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 2.6 4.3 13.8 2.1 -2.8 1.6 0.0 1.8 -1.0 -1.5 0.3 3.7 2.9 2.5 1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.4 2.9 5.8 2.2 -2.1 1.7 0.0 2.4 -0.2 -1.8 2.3 1.7 0.6 2.0 0.6
Gout (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.5 0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.7 1.4 3.0 -1.0 0.8 -1.3 0.0 -1.7 1.4 1.5 -1.4 -0.2 1.2 -1.2 1.2
Medication: Amlodipine 2.0 2.8 5.3 -1.2 2.3 -2.0 0.0 -2.2 1.9 2.3 -1.2 -1.7 -0.2 -2.0 0.9
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.5 -0.2
Birth weight 3.4 7.4 15.5 2.2 -3.7 3.3 0.0 2.4 -3.6 -3.2 0.2 3.5 1.4 3.9 -1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.7 0.8 2.1 -1.2 0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2 -1.4
High blood pressure (siblings) 2.3 3.3 6.9 -2.5 2.5 -1.0 0.0 -2.2 -0.0 0.7 -1.8 -2.6 -1.6 -2.5 -1.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.2 3.9 -0.8 1.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.1 1.4 0.8 0.8 -1.2 -0.9 -2.0 0.6
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.7 7.1 1.3 -1.8 1.5 0.0 1.6 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 1.5 0.4 2.7 -0.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.3 10.2 2.0 -2.5 1.9 0.0 2.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.4 2.2 0.7 3.2 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.7 1.8 -1.1 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 -1.4 0.2 -1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.1 -0.8 1.3 0.0 0.7 -1.0 -1.3 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.8 -1.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.9 3.6 -1.9 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -1.4 0.0 -1.4
Number of full brothers 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 -1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.7
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.0 0.4 -1.0 -1.5 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.2 -1.0
Number of children fathered 0.5 0.6 2.0 -1.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.4 -1.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.4 2.6 0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.0 1.0 -0.5 -0.5 1.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.3
Age at first live birth 2.0 3.6 10.2 -0.8 2.4 -2.7 0.0 -2.3 1.8 2.2 -0.9 -1.6 0.5 -3.2 1.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 5.8 6.8 13.7 -1.9 3.2 -3.3 0.0 -3.3 2.5 3.7 -2.6 -1.8 1.2 -3.1 1.9
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.3 1.8 1.3 -0.8 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.2 0.6 -0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 1.0 2.8 0.7 0.7 -1.7 0.0 -0.7 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.1 1.1 -1.6 1.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.1 2.5 9.7 -1.6 1.9 -1.1 0.0 -2.3 1.4 1.4 -3.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.4 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 4.2 4.9 9.1 0.0 -2.1 2.9 0.0 2.6 -3.0 -3.0 1.5 0.8 -1.6 3.0 -2.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 4.8 5.4 12.1 -2.8 3.1 -2.1 0.0 -2.7 1.1 2.1 -1.9 -3.5 -2.0 -2.9 -1.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 2.1 3.7 8.4 -2.4 2.3 -1.6 0.0 -2.7 1.9 1.7 -2.9 -1.8 -0.4 -2.0 -0.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.4 0.6 2.8 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.1 -1.0
Medication: Blood pressure 2.5 4.4 12.1 -2.6 3.0 -1.5 0.0 -2.5 0.3 1.4 -1.5 -3.5 -2.3 -2.2 -1.1
Angina (self-reported) 4.1 5.4 11.6 -2.0 3.3 -2.4 0.0 -3.0 1.5 2.9 -1.7 -3.4 -1.7 -2.6 -0.4
Migraine (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.7 1.7 -1.6 0.9 0.0 1.6 -0.7 -0.7 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.1 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 3.2 3.8 7.7 1.1 -2.3 2.4 0.0 2.6 -2.6 -2.8 1.3 1.6 -0.3 2.4 -1.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole 0.7 0.9 3.7 1.9 -0.7 0.2 0.0 0.7 -1.1 -0.0 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 1.6 -1.2 1.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.9 0.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1
Heart disease (mother) 1.2 1.4 5.1 -1.6 1.5 -0.5 0.0 -1.2 0.5 0.7 -0.2 -2.3 -1.6 -1.3 -0.7
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.5 1.3 0.0 0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 1.1 -0.8
Whole body fat mass 0.5 1.9 7.5 0.9 -1.6 1.9 0.0 1.6 -1.2 -1.4 0.5 1.1 -0.1 2.7 -1.0
Leg fat mass (right) 1.1 4.3 14.2 1.4 -2.5 2.8 0.0 2.4 -2.1 -2.2 1.0 1.7 -0.2 3.8 -1.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.6 1.8 -1.2 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 0.1 -1.1
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.5 2.4 0.2 0.3 -1.0 0.0 0.2 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.9 1.0
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.2 2.9 6.1 2.0 -2.5 2.1 0.0 1.8 -0.5 -1.6 0.8 2.5 0.9 2.4 -0.3
Comparative height size at age 10 2.2 11.8 30.2 -3.4 4.8 -3.9 0.0 -3.8 3.9 3.2 -2.5 -4.0 -0.6 -5.5 1.0
Number of full sisters 2.4 3.0 6.2 0.6 -1.9 2.4 0.0 2.2 -1.6 -2.5 1.5 0.9 -1.3 2.1 -1.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.6 -0.5 0.4 0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6
Overall health rating 0.4 0.9 2.5 0.6 -0.7 1.5 0.0 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 0.3 -0.1 -1.4 1.0 -1.6
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5
Had major operations 1.2 1.4 3.8 0.5 -1.4 1.9 0.0 0.7 -2.0 -1.4 0.4 0.8 -0.1 1.6 -1.0
Age at last live birth 1.2 1.8 5.2 -1.0 1.8 -1.5 0.0 -1.6 1.4 1.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.3 -2.3 0.9
Family relationship satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.8 -0.0 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.0 0.4 -0.4 1.1
Leg pain on walking 1.1 1.4 3.0 0.9 -1.7 1.2 0.0 1.2 -1.5 -1.0 0.4 1.6 0.9 1.7 -0.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.8 2.2 5.9 0.6 -1.8 2.0 0.0 1.9 -1.1 -2.0 1.3 1.3 -0.2 2.4 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 2.8 3.4 8.9 -0.9 1.7 -2.8 0.0 -1.1 3.0 2.3 -0.4 -0.3 1.8 -1.8 2.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.9 0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.0 1.2 3.2 -0.4 1.5 -1.3 0.0 -1.6 0.7 1.3 -1.0 -0.7 0.5 -1.8 0.9
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.7
Hypertension (Self-reported) 3.2 8.8 26.6 -3.5 4.2 -2.1 0.0 -3.0 1.2 1.6 -1.1 -5.2 -3.9 -3.5 -1.7
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.3 -1.2 1.3 0.0 0.6 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.0 1.1 -0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.6 2.3 5.4 -0.1 1.6 -1.9 0.0 -1.5 2.3 2.3 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 -2.1 1.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.5 0.7 2.0 1.3 -1.0 0.8 0.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 1.2 -1.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 0.5 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.3 2.8 7.5 -1.6 2.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.8 1.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.8 -0.2 -2.7 0.8
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.4 3.9 -1.2 0.4 1.1 0.0 0.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.3 -1.3 -1.9 0.7 -2.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.4 6.8 -0.8 -0.3 2.0 0.0 0.9 -1.9 -2.3 -0.3 -0.8 -1.9 1.8 -2.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.3 5.2 17.2 1.6 -2.8 3.1 0.0 2.5 -2.1 -2.4 0.9 2.2 -0.0 4.2 -1.6
Average weekly red wine intake 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.6 1.5 -1.0 1.0 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 0.3 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -0.4
Mood swings 1.0 1.8 4.0 1.3 -1.8 1.8 0.0 1.5 -1.6 -1.1 0.8 1.7 0.3 2.0 -0.5
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.9 -0.7 1.2 0.0 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.8 0.8 -1.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.6 2.9 -0.4 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.6 -1.4 -1.7 -0.2 -1.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.0 0.6 -0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.6 6.7 1.1 0.5 -0.9 0.0 0.7 1.8 1.5 2.6 -1.3 -1.3 -0.4 0.8
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.8 1.9 4.2 0.1 -1.0 2.0 0.0 1.8 -1.3 -2.0 1.3 0.2 -1.7 1.0 -1.8
Friendships satisfaction 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.2 1.0 0.2 0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.3 1.4 6.6 -1.4 1.2 -0.8 0.0 -2.0 -0.6 1.0 -2.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 2.3 2.7 5.9 2.1 -2.1 1.2 0.0 2.1 -1.9 -1.4 2.4 1.6 0.9 1.3 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.9 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -1.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol 2.5 3.7 9.4 2.1 -2.6 1.2 0.0 2.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.8 3.1 1.9 2.2 1.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.7 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8
Back pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 2.3 1.2 -1.1 0.5 0.0 1.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.7
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.3 3.1 6.6 1.6 -2.1 2.0 0.0 2.6 -1.6 -2.0 2.0 1.2 -1.2 2.0 -1.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.5 -1.6 1.3 -1.1 0.0 -1.2 1.5 1.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6 -1.6 0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 0.7 1.4 3.9 -1.7 1.7 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -2.0 -1.7 -1.6 -0.6
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.8 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.5 -1.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.9 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.4 0.2 -1.4 -0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 -1.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.0
Medication: Gliclazide 1.6 1.8 5.3 2.0 -0.5 -0.9 0.0 1.0 1.4 1.1 2.0 1.0 1.5 0.1 2.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.8 4.7 10.7 0.8 -2.8 2.8 0.0 2.4 -2.6 -2.8 1.1 2.0 -0.4 3.3 -1.8
Smoking status: Current 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 7.6 16.1 30.5 5.3 -5.5 3.3 0.0 5.4 -2.3 -3.2 4.7 5.3 2.6 4.5 1.7
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.5 4.4 -1.2 0.4 1.2 0.0 0.5 -1.3 -1.6 -0.2 -1.3 -2.0 0.7 -2.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.5 7.1 -0.9 -0.2 2.1 0.0 0.9 -1.9 -2.3 -0.4 -0.8 -2.0 1.8 -2.7
Arm fat mass (left) 1.1 4.5 14.2 1.1 -2.4 3.0 0.0 2.3 -2.3 -2.6 0.6 1.6 -0.4 3.8 -1.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.6 2.7 -0.5 1.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.5 -1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.6 0.9 2.0 -0.7 1.1 -1.2 0.0 -1.3 0.5 1.1 -1.4 -0.4 0.6 -1.1 0.6
Miserableness 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.9 0.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.7
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.7 4.1 -0.7 0.4 0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 -2.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 -1.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.3 1.4 5.7 0.8 -0.6 -1.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 1.2 0.1 1.4 2.4 -0.0 2.3
Hearing aid user 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.9 0.7 0.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.1
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.5 0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.5 0.6 2.7 -0.2 0.4 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 1.3 1.6 0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.5 0.6 2.6 -1.3 0.6 0.5 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 2.0 2.4 5.5 1.5 -2.2 2.0 0.0 1.6 -1.1 -1.9 1.2 1.7 0.6 2.3 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 3.9 7.5 16.4 -2.8 3.9 -2.6 0.0 -3.1 2.8 2.4 -1.3 -4.0 -2.4 -3.6 -0.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 3.2 4.1 7.2 -1.5 2.3 -2.6 0.0 -2.7 1.8 2.6 -1.8 -1.2 1.6 -2.4 2.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.8 3.2 6.6 -1.5 2.4 -2.0 0.0 -2.0 2.1 2.2 -0.5 -2.6 -1.3 -2.3 0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.8 4.2 9.9 -2.0 2.9 -1.9 0.0 -2.5 1.4 1.5 -1.4 -3.1 -1.9 -2.8 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 1.8 2.9 5.7 1.8 -2.4 1.6 0.0 2.3 -1.0 -1.7 1.8 2.3 0.9 2.0 0.5
Medication: Lisinopril 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.9 1.3 -0.4 0.0 -1.3 0.4 0.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 2.2 2.7 6.4 -1.7 2.5 -1.9 0.0 -2.1 0.5 1.7 -2.0 -2.0 -0.4 -2.0 0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.0 1.2 3.5 -0.7 -0.6 1.4 0.0 0.1 -1.9 -1.4 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 1.2 -1.8
Ever smoked 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.4 3.8 -0.8 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.8 -1.4 -1.7 -0.2 -0.8 -1.6 1.2 -2.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.9 3.2 10.6 2.0 -2.6 1.8 0.0 2.1 -1.0 -1.1 1.3 2.3 0.9 3.3 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.0 -1.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.5 -1.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.4 2.1 5.2 0.3 -1.3 2.3 0.0 1.3 -2.1 -2.2 0.8 0.6 -1.0 1.6 -1.8
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5
Irritability 1.0 1.7 4.5 1.0 -1.2 1.5 0.0 2.1 -1.2 -1.3 1.9 0.6 -0.9 1.5 -0.6
Risk taking 0.9 1.4 2.8 1.5 -1.4 1.0 0.0 1.7 -1.1 -1.1 1.6 1.2 0.3 1.5 0.2
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 3.7 4.3 8.4 -2.4 2.7 -1.8 0.0 -2.7 2.1 1.8 -1.5 -2.9 -1.5 -2.7 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.8 2.3 8.0 -1.9 1.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.3 0.7 -2.8 -2.8 -1.7 -1.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.7 2.2 3.6 -1.4 1.6 -1.9 0.0 -1.7 1.5 1.9 -1.6 -1.0 1.0 -1.8 1.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.2 3.7 7.6 -2.6 2.6 -1.6 0.0 -2.4 1.6 1.3 -1.5 -2.7 -1.3 -2.4 -0.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.6
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.4 1.1
Myopia 0.4 0.6 3.4 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 1.3 0.5 0.0 1.8 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 3.0 8.3 24.0 3.2 -4.1 2.1 0.0 3.2 -0.8 -1.9 1.5 4.9 3.7 3.3 1.8
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.1 1.6 3.6 -0.5 1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.7 1.0 1.9 -0.9 -1.3 0.0 -1.6 0.8
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 2.3 1.0 0.3 -0.9 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 1.0 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.5 1.5
Pain experienced in last month 2.2 3.7 7.8 -2.2 2.4 -2.6 0.0 -2.8 1.0 2.3 -1.9 -2.0 -0.3 -2.2 0.2
Supplements: Calcium 1.1 1.3 3.8 -1.2 1.4 -1.0 0.0 -1.4 1.6 0.6 -0.8 -1.1 0.0 -1.9 0.4
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.3 -0.7 -0.8 1.6 0.0 0.3 -1.1 -1.4 0.4 -0.3 -1.5 1.1 -1.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.4 -0.1 1.6 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.3 -1.5 -0.6 -1.4 0.5
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.8 2.3 4.5 1.9 -2.1 1.5 0.0 2.0 -1.5 -1.3 1.3 1.7 0.9 2.1 0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 6.1 7.5 15.4 -2.6 3.8 -2.8 0.0 -3.1 2.8 3.0 -1.4 -3.9 -1.8 -3.7 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.3 1.3 1.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.4
Pack years of smoking 0.4 0.5 1.9 1.1 -0.7 0.3 0.0 1.4 -0.4 -0.5 1.1 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.1
Impedance of whole body 1.8 9.0 20.7 0.0 2.5 -4.2 0.0 -2.5 4.5 4.5 -0.8 -0.8 2.0 -4.2 3.7
Leg fat mass (left) 1.1 4.2 13.9 1.4 -2.5 2.7 0.0 2.4 -2.0 -2.2 1.0 1.8 -0.2 3.7 -1.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.6 1.3 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.0 -0.8 -1.1 0.6 -1.1