Hub : Genes

TMOD2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0590 0.0280 2.3e-03 0.011 0.016 0.002 0.019 0.011 1.4e-02 4.6e-03 1.5e-01 1.7e-03 1.6e-02
2 GTEx Brain Putamen basal ganglia 0.2700 0.1020 8.2e-04 0.126 NA 0.058 NA 0.117 6.9e-04 NA 1.8e-02 NA 1.1e-03
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0890 0.0300 7.7e-07 0.104 NA 0.105 NA 0.105 3.3e-08 NA 3.0e-08 NA 3.1e-08
4 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.0650 0.0340 7.0e-03 0.030 NA 0.000 NA 0.001 6.2e-03 NA 3.1e-01 NA 2.8e-01
5 GTEx Pancreas 0.2330 0.0870 7.4e-04 0.019 NA 0.035 NA 0.008 5.3e-02 NA 1.3e-02 NA 1.4e-01
6 GTEx Thyroid 0.0430 0.0230 8.2e-03 0.027 NA 0.025 NA 0.026 3.3e-03 NA 4.7e-03 NA 4.1e-03
7 METSIM Adipose 0.0298 0.0130 2.3e-04 0.026 0.015 0.014 0.015 0.015 6.7e-05 2.4e-03 2.8e-03 2.3e-03 1.9e-03
8 NTR Blood 0.0688 0.0170 0.0e+00 0.094 0.084 0.092 0.085 0.091 9.8e-29 9.7e-26 3.0e-28 5.3e-26 9.0e-28
9 YFS Blood 0.1050 0.0218 0.0e+00 0.187 0.182 0.188 0.190 0.188 6.3e-59 2.8e-57 2.6e-59 4.4e-60 4.2e-59
10 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0409 0.0259 1.7e-04 -0.001 0.023 0.014 NA 0.011 5.3e-01 1.2e-03 9.6e-03 NA 1.6e-02
11 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0404 0.0224 8.7e-06 0.035 0.036 0.033 NA 0.031 8.1e-05 5.4e-05 1.1e-04 NA 1.6e-04
12 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0234 0.0177 2.5e-03 0.014 0.019 0.011 NA 0.010 7.3e-03 2.3e-03 1.7e-02 NA 1.9e-02
13 TCGA Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma 0.1250 0.0780 2.4e-03 0.097 0.052 0.065 NA 0.065 7.0e-05 3.2e-03 1.1e-03 NA 1.0e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.7 1.0 3.1 -1.8 -1.6 0.9 1.4 0.8 -0.5 1.0 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.7 0.4 -1.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.6 1.3 4.7 -1.4 -2.0 0.5 2.2 0.8 -0.4 1.2 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.4 0.0 -1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.9 6.9 1.0 1.4 -1.7 -2.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -2.0 -1.5 -1.5 0.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.7 2.5 5.3 1.0 2.1 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -2.0 -2.3 -1.8 -1.5 0.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.5 4.5 13.0 -0.1 0.6 -2.6 -2.5 -0.0 -2.4 -2.4 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -2.0 -2.5 -3.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.5 3.6 0.5 1.1 -1.9 -1.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.5 2.8 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1 1.7 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -1.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.1 0.2 1.6 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.4 2.7 0.2 1.5 -1.4 -0.1 0.7 -1.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 -1.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.3 1.4 6.0 0.5 0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -2.5 -0.0 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 4.9 0.2 0.4 -1.2 -1.6 -2.2 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.6 1.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.7 2.9 -1.0 1.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -1.7
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 0.9 2.7 -0.8 1.1 -0.5 -0.0 -1.4 -1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6
Major Depression (MDD) 2.5 3.1 5.5 1.4 0.8 -2.3 -1.8 -1.3 -2.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.7 -2.0 -2.2 -2.3 -1.0
Reaction Time 1.0 1.9 4.5 2.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.3 -1.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.4 3.4 10.0 -0.2 0.9 -1.9 -3.2 -1.0 -2.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -2.1 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8
Breast Cancer 0.4 1.0 6.2 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.9 -2.5
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7
Prostate Cancer 2.3 3.2 8.7 2.9 2.9 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -2.1 -1.8 -2.2 -2.4 -1.6 -0.9 -0.1
Age at First Birth 0.4 0.6 3.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.9 1.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -1.9
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.9 -0.6 0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 6.0 8.2 17.0 2.2 2.8 -2.5 -4.1 -2.9 -3.0 -2.5 -3.3 -3.1 -3.3 -2.7 -2.6 -1.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.8 4.0 -0.3 2.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 3.2 3.6 5.3 0.7 2.0 -2.1 -1.9 0.0 -2.2 -2.2 -2.3 -2.1 -2.1 -2.1 -1.9 -1.8
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.3 2.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -1.6 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1
HbA1C 1.2 1.3 3.7 -1.1 -1.3 0.2 0.6 -0.2 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.0 0.6 -1.0
HDL Cholesterol 2.5 4.2 8.6 1.7 1.9 -2.4 -0.6 0.6 -1.9 -2.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.4 -1.9
LDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.4 2.7 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 -0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.6 -1.6
Lupus 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.2 0.8 -1.0 0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.4 2.1 1.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.4 1.2 0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 0.3 1.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.7 4.0 -0.7 -1.3 -0.0 2.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2
Triglycerides 0.6 1.0 5.1 -1.1 0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.1 2.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.3 0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.5 1.4
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.4 3.3 5.8 0.8 1.6 -2.1 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 -2.1 -1.8 -1.9 -1.5 -1.8 -2.1 -2.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 5.8 15.1 2.0 1.7 -2.9 -2.8 -3.9 -0.9 -2.2 -2.1 -2.0 -2.0 -2.4 -2.7 -2.4
Blood Red Count 0.0 0.3 1.9 -1.4 0.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.3
Blood White Count 0.2 1.7 11.5 -0.7 -0.1 -1.6 -1.7 -3.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5
Heel T-Score 0.9 6.8 23.7 0.9 2.7 -1.5 0.3 -4.9 -3.1 -2.0 -2.4 -4.3 -1.6 -1.8 -1.6 -2.8
BMI 4.8 28.1 42.4 3.5 4.0 -6.4 -5.4 -4.7 -4.5 -5.5 -5.7 -5.5 -4.8 -5.7 -6.5 -5.9
Height 0.2 4.4 28.7 -2.5 -2.6 0.7 0.2 5.4 0.9 2.0 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.2 0.4 0.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.2 5.2 0.9 -0.8 -1.4 -2.3 -1.1 0.4 -0.0 0.7 1.6 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 0.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.4 2.0 4.3 -1.6 -0.9 1.5 0.4 2.1 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.5 0.2
Smoking Status 3.3 7.9 21.3 -2.0 -1.8 2.9 1.8 2.2 4.6 2.3 3.2 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2 2.3
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.5 2.4 -0.1 0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -1.6 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4
Cardiovascular Disease 0.1 0.3 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.5 2.1 0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.1 -1.4
Respiratory disease 0.8 1.8 3.2 0.7 1.8 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3 -0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 3.0 5.6 12.0 0.4 2.9 -2.6 -3.5 -1.5 -2.0 -2.6 -2.6 -2.4 -2.5 -2.4 -2.5 -1.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 1.9 5.9 -1.6 -1.1 1.4 0.5 0.2 2.4 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.8 1.7 1.4 0.7
Lung FVC 0.9 4.7 9.7 -0.6 -3.1 2.4 -0.4 0.2 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.5
Neuroticism 0.4 1.0 2.9 0.0 0.4 -1.7 -1.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.6 3.7 -1.5 -0.1 1.8 -0.0 -0.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.7 1.9 0.5
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.5 4.2 -0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.8 2.0
Tanning 0.2 2.9 5.4 -1.0 -1.4 1.5 2.1 2.3 1.6 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.6 0.7
Hand grip strength (left) 1.3 3.4 10.5 -2.4 -2.2 2.0 0.8 3.2 0.3 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.6 0.5
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.1 1.2 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.8
Average weekly spirits intake 0.6 0.7 2.1 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 1.4 0.9 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 -0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.4 0.7 4.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.0 1.0 2.0 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.6
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.1 1.8 0.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.3 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 6.7 10.2 15.4 2.5 3.4 -3.7 -1.8 -1.3 -3.3 -3.6 -3.5 -3.5 -3.8 -3.9 -3.7 -2.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.7 1.5 3.0 -0.6 -1.1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.7 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.7 3.0 0.8 0.2 -1.2 -1.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.4 0.5 3.6 -0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 1.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 3.0 3.4 6.6 1.2 2.3 -1.9 -2.1 -2.1 -0.1 -2.6 -1.9 -2.2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.6 -0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.7 2.0 -1.4 -0.4 0.9 0.5 0.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 2.0 2.1 5.6 -0.1 2.4 -1.3 -1.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2
Angina 1.8 2.4 4.2 2.0 0.7 -1.9 -1.2 -0.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 -0.7 -1.4 -1.9 -1.8 -2.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.9 1.0 1.9 -0.6 -1.3 1.0 0.3 -0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.4 2.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 1.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Co-codamol 2.4 2.8 7.4 2.7 1.0 -1.9 -1.3 -0.9 -2.2 -1.7 -1.6 -0.9 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -0.4
Medication: Metformin 3.6 5.0 8.0 0.9 2.6 -2.1 -2.8 -2.1 -2.0 -2.7 -2.4 -2.5 -2.7 -2.4 -2.1 -0.2
Diabetes (father) 0.6 0.7 2.6 -1.6 -1.2 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.3 -0.7
Diabetes (mother) 2.7 3.4 8.0 1.3 2.7 -1.7 -2.5 -1.9 -1.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.4 -2.8 -1.8 -1.5 0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.2 1.0 1.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.8 2.7 0.9 -0.6 0.5 0.6 -0.2 1.6 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.0
Impedance of leg (right) 1.9 9.1 13.5 -2.3 -2.1 3.5 2.5 2.6 3.6 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.7 1.7
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.8 9.3 16.6 1.1 2.1 -4.0 -3.3 -2.2 -2.9 -3.0 -3.3 -3.0 -2.8 -3.4 -4.1 -3.3
Trunk fat percentage 1.9 7.8 20.5 0.4 1.4 -3.8 -3.5 -2.3 -1.2 -2.9 -2.7 -2.2 -1.7 -2.8 -3.8 -4.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.5 5.6 -2.4 -1.2 1.1 0.6 2.2 -0.5 1.3 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.4 0.5 2.9 1.0 1.7 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 3.0 -0.6 0.6 0.4 0.0 -1.7 1.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.5
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.6 3.1 0.0 -0.2 0.3 -1.1 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.6 1.8
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.3 10.6 0.3 0.9 -1.1 -3.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -1.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 2.7 3.5 6.8 1.0 2.6 -2.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 -2.1 -2.0 -2.3 -2.0 -2.2 -2.1 -1.7
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 2.1 -0.3 -1.1 0.9 1.4 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.5
Taking other prescription medications 2.2 3.4 5.9 1.6 2.2 -2.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 -1.7 -1.4 -1.7 -2.2 -2.3 -1.9
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.5 0.8 0.1 -0.1 -1.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.0 0.2 0.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.4 2.1 -1.5 0.8 -0.1 1.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.1 2.5 10.0 1.8 1.8 -1.1 -1.4 -3.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -2.2 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 2.3 2.5 5.7 1.5 2.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.3 -1.9 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 -2.4 -1.8 -1.4 0.7
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.2 1.6 7.0 1.2 0.8 -1.3 -1.8 -2.6 -0.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5
High blood pressure 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.6 0.2 0.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 4.1 5.1 10.4 0.6 1.5 -2.2 -2.8 -3.2 -2.0 -2.3 -2.4 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 -2.2 -1.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.9 1.1 4.2 2.1 -0.5 -0.8 -1.6 -1.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 3.9 1.1 0.8 -1.5 -1.6 -0.9 -1.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.7 -2.0
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 3.8 0.1 -1.9 0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.3 2.2 4.8 -0.4 -2.2 1.5 1.4 0.7 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.6 0.1
Sitting height 1.7 12.1 20.9 -3.6 -3.8 3.7 2.7 2.9 2.7 4.6 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 2.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.2 1.5
High blood pressure (mother) 2.2 3.1 5.2 2.3 1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.8 -2.1 -2.2 -2.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7
Body mass index (BMI) 3.9 16.7 27.7 2.8 3.2 -5.3 -4.0 -3.7 -2.9 -4.5 -4.2 -3.9 -3.6 -4.4 -5.2 -4.6
Impedance of leg (left) 2.7 13.0 18.9 -2.8 -3.0 4.2 2.7 3.2 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.3 2.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.8 9.6 17.2 1.1 2.2 -4.0 -3.3 -2.1 -2.9 -3.1 -3.3 -3.1 -2.8 -3.5 -4.1 -3.4
Trunk fat mass 2.0 8.6 20.1 0.6 1.6 -4.1 -3.6 -2.2 -1.6 -3.0 -2.9 -2.4 -1.9 -3.0 -4.0 -4.5
Waist circumference 3.9 14.1 26.2 2.1 2.8 -5.1 -4.3 -3.2 -2.5 -4.0 -3.6 -3.2 -3.4 -4.0 -4.9 -4.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.3 0.5 3.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.6
Past tobacco smoking 7.6 13.9 26.1 3.1 2.7 -4.0 -2.1 -4.0 -5.1 -3.0 -4.0 -3.4 -3.2 -4.0 -4.3 -4.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.5 2.7 -1.6 -0.2 0.5 1.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -1.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.7 -0.7 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -1.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.7 2.7 0.8 1.6 -1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 4.2 6.6 10.3 2.6 3.0 -2.9 -1.1 -1.3 -2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -3.2 -2.9 -1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.1 1.3 -0.7 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Had menopause 0.7 0.9 2.5 -0.5 1.6 -0.3 -0.2 -1.6 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.7
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -1.2 -1.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.7 2.6 5.1 -1.1 -2.3 1.2 -1.0 1.2 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.2 2.9 8.3 2.0 1.9 -1.3 -1.2 -2.9 -1.3 -1.5 -1.2 -2.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.2
Qualifications: None of the above 1.0 2.1 6.7 0.9 -0.2 1.9 1.2 -0.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.6
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.3 1.7 2.9 0.0 1.6 -1.5 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.4 4.0 -2.0 -0.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.7
Heart attack 1.0 1.3 4.5 -0.9 -1.1 0.9 1.6 2.1 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.8
Allergy 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.2
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 1.8 -0.7 0.6 0.0 -0.5 -1.3 0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.9 3.0 6.6 0.3 1.8 -2.1 -2.6 -1.3 -1.0 -2.4 -1.9 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9 -1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.9 0.1 -0.0 0.7 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -1.0
Medication: Simvastatin 2.0 2.9 5.8 -2.4 -0.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.3 5.4 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2 -2.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -1.9
Illnesses of siblings 0.5 0.7 3.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.8 1.7 1.3 -0.1 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.6
Neuroticism score 1.0 2.0 5.0 0.8 1.5 -2.2 -1.3 0.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0 -1.6
Weight 2.4 11.6 21.7 1.4 2.1 -4.6 -3.8 -2.2 -2.5 -3.5 -3.5 -3.2 -2.8 -3.7 -4.7 -4.3
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 1.1 5.1 -1.9 -0.8 0.4 0.3 2.3 1.1 0.3 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 -0.8
Arm fat percentage (right) 5.7 22.5 38.4 2.6 3.8 -6.2 -4.8 -3.3 -3.2 -5.4 -4.9 -4.5 -4.2 -5.3 -6.1 -5.7
Trunk fat-free mass 0.7 3.7 7.6 0.9 1.0 -2.6 -2.3 -0.8 -1.9 -1.7 -2.2 -1.9 -1.9 -2.2 -2.8 -2.0
Hip circumference 2.7 11.8 21.6 1.4 2.7 -4.4 -3.5 -2.2 -2.4 -3.5 -3.8 -3.5 -2.8 -3.7 -4.4 -4.7
Time employed in main current job 2.1 2.4 4.7 -1.2 -0.7 1.9 1.3 1.2 2.2 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 -0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.0
Father’s age at death 1.4 1.9 5.7 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.5 -2.1 -1.9 -1.1 -1.9 -2.4 -1.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.4
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.5 2.8 7.2 0.8 1.2 -2.1 -0.2 0.9 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.3 -2.0 -2.2 -2.7
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 11.3 18.4 24.2 3.2 4.2 -4.5 -4.2 -3.2 -4.6 -4.6 -4.9 -4.9 -4.6 -4.5 -4.7 -3.2
Falls in the last year 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.1 1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Number of live births 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.5 3.1 -0.8 -1.8 0.9 -1.0 0.4 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.8 0.6
Pulse rate 1.6 2.6 8.0 1.3 2.8 -1.8 -1.5 -1.0 -0.8 -1.7 -1.3 -1.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.4 -1.1
Happiness 1.0 1.2 5.0 0.3 0.7 -1.5 -2.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.8
Noisy workplace 7.4 9.1 12.7 3.3 3.2 -3.2 -2.4 -1.8 -3.0 -3.6 -3.4 -3.0 -3.2 -3.4 -3.5 -1.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.6 1.4 3.8 -1.2 -2.0 0.7 1.3 1.8 -0.7 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.4 -1.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 3.5 -1.1 0.8 0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.5 1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.4 0.7 6.3 2.5 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.6 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 1.0
Asthma 0.4 0.8 1.5 -0.0 1.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.2 1.5 3.6 -1.0 -1.0 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.9 3.0 7.8 -2.3 -1.1 1.7 1.7 2.8 0.6 1.5 1.8 2.2 1.3 1.5 1.9 1.0
Depression (self-reported) 1.8 2.1 4.5 0.4 1.8 -1.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -2.1 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -1.8 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.7 0.8 1.8 -0.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.2 -0.0 1.2 1.2 -0.4 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.3
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 3.4 0.9 1.6 0.0 -1.8 -0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 1.2
Illnesses of mother 1.1 1.3 4.4 -1.1 -0.2 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.5 1.5 3.7 -0.6 -1.8 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 1.9 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.2 1.4 3.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.8 0.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.4 5.9 -2.4 -1.8 1.2 0.7 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.2 -0.1
Arm fat mass (right) 4.4 18.1 31.7 2.0 3.1 -5.6 -4.3 -3.2 -3.0 -4.6 -4.5 -4.1 -3.7 -4.7 -5.6 -5.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.6 3.4 7.0 0.8 0.9 -2.5 -2.2 -0.6 -1.8 -1.5 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -2.1 -2.6 -1.9
Standing height 0.3 2.8 10.2 -3.2 -2.3 0.8 0.2 3.1 0.7 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.2 0.6 -0.0
Length of working week for main job 1.1 1.2 3.4 0.1 -1.4 0.9 -0.0 0.5 0.8 1.6 1.4 1.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.6 -1.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.0 1.6 7.8 -0.1 1.1 -1.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2 -0.2 -1.2 -1.4 -2.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.9 2.9 5.3 0.8 1.8 -2.3 -1.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.9 -1.5 -1.8 -2.1 -2.1 -2.3 -1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 2.6 6.3 11.0 2.4 2.1 -2.6 -3.3 -1.7 -1.9 -2.7 -2.9 -2.6 -2.8 -2.8 -2.6 -1.5
Birth weight of first child 1.6 2.8 8.8 0.3 0.6 -2.5 -3.0 -2.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.3 -1.6 -2.3 -2.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.1 2.5 4.3 -0.9 -2.0 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.2 0.5
Pulse wave reflection index 0.9 1.1 3.0 0.1 -0.7 0.6 0.9 1.7 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.7 -0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.0 1.2 5.2 1.8 0.8 -0.3 1.2 2.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Loud music exposure frequency 5.4 5.9 8.5 2.0 2.4 -2.7 -2.0 -1.4 -2.8 -2.2 -2.8 -2.3 -2.9 -2.9 -2.6 -1.9
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 2.8 -0.2 0.5 -1.1 0.0 0.2 -1.7 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -1.3 -0.5 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3
Headache pain in last month 0.8 1.4 3.3 1.0 0.8 -1.2 -1.0 0.6 -1.8 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.3 4.7 1.4 0.7 -1.4 -1.0 -2.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.4 -0.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.8
Gout (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 -0.6 0.7 0.4 0.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.6 1.0
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.0 -1.3
Medication: Amlodipine 1.3 1.9 3.6 -0.4 1.4 -1.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.3 1.7 3.2 0.1 0.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.7 -1.4
Birth weight 1.9 4.2 7.2 2.3 0.4 -2.3 -2.5 -2.4 -2.7 -1.4 -2.1 -1.6 -1.9 -2.0 -2.5 -1.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.0 0.2 0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.6 2.3 5.4 -0.9 -2.3 1.0 -1.3 0.8 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 0.8 0.9
Body fat percentage 2.5 10.0 21.1 1.3 2.2 -4.2 -3.8 -2.5 -1.7 -3.5 -3.1 -2.7 -2.2 -3.2 -4.1 -4.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.3 8.5 13.7 2.4 2.9 -3.7 -3.3 -2.8 -1.4 -3.3 -2.8 -2.5 -2.3 -2.9 -3.4 -3.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 3.4 0.3 0.4 -1.7 -1.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 1.6 1.0 1.2 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.4 7.0 0.6 0.5 -1.8 -1.4 -0.4 -1.7 -1.7 -2.2 -1.3 -0.9 -1.2 -1.8 -2.6
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.3 1.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.3 -1.3
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.9 0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.3 -0.0 -1.1 0.1 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 3.0 5.4 9.1 2.2 2.4 -3.0 -2.7 -1.7 -1.2 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.7 -3.0 -1.2
Number of children fathered 0.5 0.6 3.3 -0.7 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.0 1.2 -0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 1.8
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.8 2.2 3.5 -1.8 -1.1 1.6 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.4
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.0 4.6 0.1 -2.1 0.5 1.4 1.2 -1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.3 -0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.1 1.2 3.2 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.3
Health satisfaction 0.6 0.8 3.0 -0.5 0.4 -1.2 -1.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -1.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.8 3.3 5.9 1.8 1.2 -2.4 -0.7 -0.5 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -1.5 -1.7 -2.2 -2.4 -2.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.7 2.1 5.1 0.8 -0.1 -1.5 -1.6 -0.1 -2.0 -1.3 -1.9 -1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6 -2.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 3.8 4.4 7.2 -2.1 -2.5 2.1 2.0 0.8 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.0 1.2 3.2 1.6 1.1 -1.1 -1.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.2 -1.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.2
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.6 1.9 1.4 1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 4.0 -1.0 -2.0 0.6 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.3 -0.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 6.4 9.1 15.4 3.9 3.2 -3.3 -2.1 -3.3 -2.7 -2.5 -2.8 -2.6 -3.7 -3.6 -3.2 -0.7
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7
Angina (self-reported) 1.8 2.4 4.3 2.1 0.8 -1.9 -1.4 -0.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.8 -0.7 -1.4 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.5 -0.8 -0.3 1.0 1.6 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 3.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -0.1 1.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.2 -0.7 1.2 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.2
Medication: Omeprazole 1.8 2.2 5.1 0.9 2.3 -1.7 -0.7 -1.6 -1.2 -1.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.5 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.7 3.3 6.2 2.5 1.5 -1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -2.3 -2.2 -1.8 -2.0 -1.9 -2.0 -1.6 -1.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.4 2.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.6 -1.7 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.5 1.8 6.8 -1.0 -0.0 1.7 2.6 1.0 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.2 1.1 1.6 1.6
Whole body fat mass 2.5 10.6 20.6 1.2 2.0 -4.4 -3.7 -2.5 -2.0 -3.4 -3.3 -2.8 -2.4 -3.4 -4.4 -4.5
Leg fat mass (right) 2.7 10.4 18.2 2.0 2.6 -4.3 -3.6 -2.5 -2.2 -3.5 -3.2 -2.8 -2.6 -3.4 -4.1 -4.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.7 3.8 0.5 0.4 -1.8 -1.9 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.9 -1.4
Pulse rate, automated reading 3.3 10.8 23.8 2.6 3.2 -4.2 -4.9 -4.5 -1.9 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3 -3.8 -3.4 -3.6 -1.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 2.0 4.7 8.0 1.2 2.2 -2.4 -0.8 -2.0 -1.9 -2.8 -2.6 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.4 -2.1
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 0.9 1.9 -0.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 4.3 -0.4 -1.8 1.1 -0.2 0.8 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 2.6 4.1 6.7 0.8 2.6 -2.2 -1.3 -1.4 -2.2 -2.4 -2.0 -2.3 -2.3 -2.3 -2.2 -1.5
Overall health rating 4.1 8.8 13.9 2.2 3.2 -3.7 -3.6 -2.7 -1.7 -3.2 -2.8 -2.6 -3.1 -3.3 -3.6 -1.9
Chest pain or discomfort 9.5 13.8 20.4 3.5 3.7 -4.4 -3.0 -2.2 -2.9 -4.3 -3.9 -4.0 -4.5 -4.5 -4.3 -1.6
Had major operations 0.9 1.1 2.5 -0.1 1.1 -1.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.3 -0.8
Age at last live birth 1.7 2.4 7.6 1.6 0.9 -1.7 -0.2 -0.1 -2.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.3
Family relationship satisfaction 5.0 6.2 8.8 1.5 2.2 -3.0 -2.8 -2.9 -2.1 -2.2 -2.8 -2.3 -2.1 -2.4 -2.8 -2.7
Leg pain on walking 2.9 3.6 7.5 2.2 2.7 -1.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.9 -2.2 -2.2 -2.3 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 1.8 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.4 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.4 1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.8 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.1 1.4 3.4 0.9 -1.8 0.5 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.4 0.4 2.2 0.4 -0.0 -0.7 -0.1 1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 4.5 7.1 11.0 2.1 2.4 -2.9 -2.3 -3.3 -2.4 -2.8 -2.9 -2.7 -2.2 -2.8 -2.9 -2.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.4 1.0 -0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.9 -0.7 1.0 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 3.9 4.6 7.0 0.8 1.8 -2.4 -1.4 -1.4 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.5 -2.6
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.5 1.8 8.1 0.0 0.7 -1.6 -2.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0
Smoking status: Previous 7.7 11.5 25.2 -1.9 -2.3 3.4 2.4 5.0 4.7 2.6 3.6 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.7 4.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0
Whole body fat-free mass 0.9 5.2 10.1 0.9 1.3 -3.0 -2.7 -1.3 -2.2 -2.1 -2.5 -2.2 -2.2 -2.5 -3.2 -2.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.5 8.0 14.5 0.8 1.8 -3.6 -3.3 -1.9 -2.8 -2.7 -3.1 -2.9 -2.6 -3.1 -3.8 -3.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 4.6 18.5 32.3 2.3 3.3 -5.7 -4.6 -3.3 -3.0 -4.7 -4.3 -3.9 -3.7 -4.7 -5.5 -5.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.9 1.3 7.1 -2.7 -1.0 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.9 2.3 3.9 1.1 0.9 -1.9 -0.6 -0.9 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 -2.0 -1.9
Mood swings 1.8 3.3 6.0 1.4 1.9 -2.4 -1.6 -1.3 -1.5 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -2.1 -2.2 -2.2 -1.4
Loneliness, isolation 0.9 1.3 2.2 0.7 1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.7 2.6 6.4 1.1 1.3 -2.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -2.0 -2.4 -2.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.5 2.2 -1.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 1.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 3.2 5.3 10.8 0.4 2.4 -2.6 -3.3 -1.8 -1.9 -2.8 -2.6 -2.1 -2.2 -2.3 -2.5 -1.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 6.1 6.5 10.9 -3.1 -1.1 2.8 2.5 1.6 2.0 2.7 3.1 2.4 2.0 2.6 2.9 3.3
Friendships satisfaction 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.2 0.9 -1.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -1.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 3.2 5.0 15.2 1.4 -0.0 -3.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.6 -2.1 -2.0 -1.2 -1.5 -2.4 -3.3 -3.9
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.9 1.0 3.9 -1.2 -0.5 0.7 0.8 0.4 2.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.8 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 2.1 2.4 4.8 0.2 2.2 -1.8 -1.2 -0.6 -1.0 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.6 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.6 2.5 5.0 -1.3 -1.5 1.7 2.2 0.9 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 1.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -1.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.7 0.8 5.6 0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -2.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -0.2
Back pain experienced in last month 2.0 2.9 5.9 1.4 1.3 -2.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.9 -1.5 -1.9 -2.3 -2.3 -1.7
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.5 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.3 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.2 1.2 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 0.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.8 -0.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.5 2.0 3.3 1.6 1.0 -1.7 -0.5 -0.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.8 -1.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Medication: Gliclazide 1.7 1.9 11.4 0.2 3.4 -1.1 -1.2 0.3 -0.5 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -0.9 0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 7.0 8.6 13.5 -1.9 -2.1 3.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 3.4 3.6 3.0 2.8 3.3 3.7 3.0
Smoking status: Current 0.4 0.7 4.8 -0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.6 -2.2 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.6 1.3 2.8 -0.3 -1.6 1.2 0.1 -0.4 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.2
Whole body water mass 1.0 5.5 10.3 1.0 1.4 -3.1 -2.7 -1.4 -2.2 -2.1 -2.6 -2.3 -2.2 -2.6 -3.2 -2.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.5 8.0 14.4 0.8 1.8 -3.6 -3.3 -1.9 -2.7 -2.7 -3.1 -2.9 -2.6 -3.1 -3.8 -3.0
Arm fat mass (left) 4.0 16.3 29.8 1.8 2.6 -5.5 -4.3 -3.0 -2.8 -4.3 -4.2 -3.7 -3.4 -4.5 -5.4 -5.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.1 2.3 1.3 1.5 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4
Miserableness 1.0 1.7 3.8 1.3 1.7 -1.4 -1.3 -0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.9 -1.6 -1.5 0.2
Guilty feelings 1.6 2.5 4.7 1.0 1.5 -2.0 -1.1 -0.0 -1.3 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -2.1 -2.2 -1.9 -0.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.9 1.1 2.1 -0.6 -1.2 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.5 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.9 1.2 0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Hearing aid user 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.6
Mother’s age at death 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.4 0.1 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.3 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.1 1.3 2.2 -1.3 -0.6 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.3 1.4 -1.2 -0.7 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 2.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.6 1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 1.6 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.2 3.5 0.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.9 -0.5 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 3.1 5.4 10.1 -2.2 -2.1 2.4 3.2 3.1 1.9 1.6 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4 1.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.3 -0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 1.2 1.5 5.8 -1.9 -0.6 0.8 0.4 1.6 2.4 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 3.6 4.5 7.0 1.2 1.2 -2.6 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 -2.6 -2.5 -2.0 -1.8 -2.3 -2.5 -2.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.2 0.2 1.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -1.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Ever smoked 6.1 10.7 21.6 -3.3 -2.3 3.6 1.6 3.2 4.6 2.5 3.2 2.7 3.2 3.7 3.9 3.4
Basal metabolic rate 1.4 7.8 14.5 1.1 1.8 -3.7 -3.2 -1.7 -2.4 -2.7 -3.0 -2.7 -2.5 -3.1 -3.8 -3.2
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.0 7.1 11.6 2.0 2.4 -3.4 -3.3 -2.6 -1.3 -2.9 -2.5 -2.2 -2.1 -2.6 -3.2 -3.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.0 5.1 9.3 1.1 1.5 -2.9 -2.5 -1.6 -1.9 -2.1 -2.6 -2.4 -2.1 -2.5 -3.0 -2.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.0 3.0 6.8 0.5 1.0 -2.6 -0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -1.9 -1.4 -1.1 -1.7 -2.3 -2.6 -2.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 3.0 4.4 13.1 -1.4 -1.2 2.5 0.3 1.4 3.6 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.0
Irritability 0.2 0.3 2.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.4
Risk taking 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.7 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.7 1.2
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 1.5 -1.2 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.6 0.8 2.6 1.3 1.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 1.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill 2.8 3.5 5.8 0.6 1.2 -2.1 -0.2 -0.6 -2.2 -2.1 -2.3 -2.4 -1.8 -2.2 -2.1 -2.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.1 3.0 -1.1 0.1 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.7 -0.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.2 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.5 1.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.6 0.8 4.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 2.1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.1
Myopia 0.3 0.4 2.2 -1.5 -0.7 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.9 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 3.0 3.6 8.1 1.4 2.8 -2.2 -0.9 -1.8 -1.4 -2.4 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 -2.1 -1.9 -1.7
Pain experienced in last month 5.8 9.7 18.3 -2.3 -2.7 3.6 3.3 4.3 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.5 3.4 1.7
Supplements: Calcium 1.2 1.4 3.1 1.3 1.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.0 -1.0 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 4.8 -1.1 -0.2 1.3 0.7 1.4 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 3.4 -0.8 -0.9 0.7 1.6 1.8 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.5
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.7 -1.6 -0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8
Heart disease (siblings) 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 -0.9 -0.5 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 2.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 0.5
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.7 2.2 1.1 -0.4 0.5 0.9 0.1 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.3
Impedance of whole body 1.7 8.4 11.2 -3.1 -2.7 3.1 2.0 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.2 1.2
Leg fat mass (left) 2.4 9.5 16.5 1.6 2.5 -4.1 -3.5 -2.5 -2.2 -3.2 -3.1 -2.8 -2.6 -3.2 -4.0 -3.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.0 5.2 9.4 1.1 1.5 -3.0 -2.6 -1.6 -1.9 -2.1 -2.5 -2.3 -2.2 -2.5 -3.1 -2.4