Hub : Genes

UGP2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.1460 0.0570 2.8e-05 0.078 NA 0.067 NA 0.065 5.7e-07 NA 3.7e-06 NA 5.4e-06
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.2353 0.0661 1.2e-08 0.058 NA 0.129 NA 0.110 2.3e-05 NA 2.6e-10 NA 6.0e-09
3 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0598 0.0272 1.9e-03 0.011 NA 0.023 NA 0.021 5.0e-02 NA 8.7e-03 NA 1.2e-02
4 METSIM Adipose 0.0316 0.0129 1.0e-04 0.023 0.022 0.014 0.021 0.030 1.9e-04 0.00023 2.7e-03 0.00038 2.2e-05
5 NTR Blood 0.0144 0.0080 8.9e-03 0.012 0.003 0.001 0.004 0.007 6.5e-05 0.02900 1.0e-01 0.01200 1.6e-03
6 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0758 0.0307 1.3e-04 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.027 0.030 2.4e-04 0.00027 2.9e-04 0.00019 8.2e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.8 2.8 4.2 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 -2.0 1.5 -0.9
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.1 2.8 -0.9 -1.7 -1.0 -0.9 0.5 -1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.6 3.1 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.5
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.5 -1.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.7 2.2 4.7 -0.4 -2.2 -2.1 -1.5 0.7 1.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.6 3.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.7 -1.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.9 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 3.8 0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 1.3 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 1.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.9 1.7 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.6 -0.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.3 -0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.5 0.1
Reaction Time 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.8 1.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 1.1 5.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 0.3 2.3
Breast Cancer 0.5 1.1 3.9 0.6 1.4 0.1 0.5 -0.4 2.0
Ovarian Cancer 1.4 1.9 3.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.5
Prostate Cancer 8.0 11.2 23.3 3.4 -1.7 3.0 4.0 2.2 -4.8
Age at First Birth 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 3.0 2.9 8.5 -1.5 -1.0 -2.9 -2.0 1.2 -0.1
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.1 2.9 5.1 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 -0.3 0.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 -0.2
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.3 2.1 2.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5
Mean Putamen Volume 0.8 0.9 2.4 -0.7 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.6
Fasting Glucose 1.6 1.9 4.0 -1.0 -0.0 -1.6 -1.4 -2.0 1.5
HbA1C 0.8 0.9 2.9 -0.0 -1.7 0.0 -0.0 1.5 -0.5
HDL Cholesterol 2.6 4.4 8.9 -2.8 -1.3 -3.0 -2.8 0.6 0.2
LDL Cholesterol 2.1 3.3 5.9 1.5 1.7 2.4 2.3 -0.6 1.9
Lupus 0.8 1.3 2.8 1.7 0.0 1.5 1.1 0.1 1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.9 1.3 6.9 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -2.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.3
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.5 3.4 9.1 2.1 1.1 3.0 2.1 1.0 -0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.5
Triglycerides 0.8 1.4 2.5 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.6 0.4 -0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.4
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.9 6.8 14.7 3.1 2.1 3.8 3.4 0.4 -0.0
Blood Platelet Count 0.8 8.9 20.9 2.9 4.6 3.5 2.9 0.4 1.7
Blood Red Count 0.0 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.5 -0.1
Blood White Count 0.7 4.9 13.5 1.3 2.9 2.3 0.8 0.1 3.7
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 3.1 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.9 1.5 1.8
BMI 1.9 11.1 17.9 3.8 1.1 4.2 4.1 -3.1 -2.6
Height 0.2 4.4 8.1 2.7 1.1 2.0 2.9 1.9 -1.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.5 5.2 1.2 2.0 2.3 1.8 0.3 -0.8
Systolic Blood Pressure 3.0 14.9 32.1 -4.6 -2.9 -5.7 -5.0 -0.8 1.6
Smoking Status 2.0 4.8 10.0 -3.2 -1.0 -3.1 -2.7 -0.6 0.6
Allergy or Eczema 1.9 5.1 13.3 2.6 1.1 2.8 3.6 -0.7 -0.9
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.0 17.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -4.1 -0.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.7 2.7 0.6 -0.0 0.7 0.1 0.9 1.6
Respiratory disease 3.7 8.3 20.6 3.5 1.5 3.7 4.5 -0.8 0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.0 1.9 9.7 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 -3.1 -1.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.4 1.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -1.3 0.5 -0.2
Lung FVC 1.9 9.8 18.2 -3.7 -1.0 -4.3 -4.0 1.3 2.8
Neuroticism 0.8 1.8 5.9 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.1 -2.4
Chronotype (morning person) 1.4 3.2 8.6 0.4 -1.6 0.1 -0.0 2.8 -2.9
Hair Pigment 0.6 16.2 28.0 5.1 3.2 5.3 5.3 -2.0 -1.3
Tanning 0.7 9.2 17.8 -4.2 -1.5 -2.8 -4.1 1.0 3.1
Hand grip strength (left) 0.8 2.1 3.9 -0.8 -2.0 -1.6 -1.6 0.6 -1.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.4 0.7 2.8 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.7
Average weekly spirits intake 1.5 1.9 6.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -2.5 1.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.7 1.2 -1.0 -0.6
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.1 4.8 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.4 -0.5 -2.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.6 0.9 1.9 1.1 -1.4 0.6 1.1 -0.8 -0.4
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 1.1 2.8 -0.2 -1.3 -1.7 -0.5 0.1 -1.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.4 1.8 2.9 1.4 0.6 1.7 1.6 0.5 -1.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.6 0.8 1.7 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6 1.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.6 4.2 -1.6 -0.3 -2.0 -1.5 -0.2 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.0 1.1 1.8 1.2 -0.1 1.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.0
Angina 1.6 2.1 4.0 2.0 1.1 1.9 1.8 -0.8 -0.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 3.2 3.6 6.6 -2.1 -2.2 -2.6 -2.3 -0.1 -0.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.3 3.1 4.7 2.1 0.9 2.2 2.1 -1.0 1.8
Supplements: Zinc 0.9 0.9 2.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 0.5 -1.5
Medication: Co-codamol 0.8 0.9 2.7 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.6 -1.7 0.8
Medication: Metformin 1.7 2.4 9.6 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -3.1 -0.6
Diabetes (father) 1.0 1.2 3.3 -1.5 0.5 0.0 -1.1 0.5 1.8
Diabetes (mother) 1.4 1.8 3.4 -1.2 -1.6 -0.5 -1.5 -1.8 -0.8
Severe depression (siblings) 1.2 1.4 4.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.1 0.4 -1.5 -2.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 2.9 -1.6 -0.0 -0.9 -1.6 -0.3 1.7
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.2 2.5 -0.8 1.2 -1.3 -0.8 1.6 -0.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.0 5.1 9.7 2.6 -0.2 3.1 2.6 -1.5 -2.2
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.3 8.8 2.9 1.3 2.5 3.0 -1.7 -1.9
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.8 3.0 -0.2 -1.7 -1.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.3 1.8 6.7 -1.1 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1 -2.6 1.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.6 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.2 1.6
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.3 1.5 4.3 -0.1 -1.5 -0.6 -0.4 2.1 -1.3
Maternal smoking around birth 3.1 4.4 9.9 -3.1 -0.8 -2.4 -2.7 1.5 0.4
Fed-up feelings 1.2 2.2 4.4 1.7 2.1 2.1 1.4 -0.1 0.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -1.5
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 -0.7 0.4 -0.8 0.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.8 4.3 7.9 1.3 2.4 2.4 1.6 -1.4 2.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.5 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 0.9 2.3 -0.2 -1.5 -0.6 -0.2 1.0 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.4 1.5 6.0 -0.5 1.6 0.5 -0.5 0.2 2.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.9 -0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.1 2.6 5.9 1.3 1.6 2.4 2.3 -0.6 -0.1
High blood pressure 1.4 4.0 9.5 -1.4 -2.0 -2.2 -2.0 -3.1 -0.3
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.6 3.4 8.6 1.9 1.6 2.3 2.9 -0.6 0.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.6 3.3 5.9 -2.4 -1.0 -2.0 -2.4 0.4 -1.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.9 1.1 3.0 -1.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.7 -0.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.8 1.0 2.4 -1.3 -0.2 -1.1 -1.5 0.9 -0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 4.5 -0.9 1.8 -0.1 -1.6 0.1 2.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.8 2.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.0 -1.6 0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.1 1.9 3.6 1.9 -1.0 1.2 1.2 1.9 -0.1
Sitting height 0.1 0.6 1.8 0.2 -0.9 0.3 0.3 1.3 -1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.8 2.1 4.2 2.1 1.1 1.8 1.9 -0.3 0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 0.8 1.1 5.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8 -2.4 0.4
Body mass index (BMI) 1.8 7.6 12.0 3.2 1.0 3.5 3.2 -3.1 -1.5
Impedance of leg (left) 0.5 2.3 5.3 -1.6 0.5 -2.3 -1.7 1.7 0.3
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.0 5.2 9.9 2.6 -0.1 3.1 2.6 -1.6 -2.2
Trunk fat mass 1.5 6.6 11.0 3.1 1.0 3.0 3.3 -2.0 -2.2
Waist circumference 2.6 9.7 17.1 3.8 1.8 4.1 3.9 -2.3 -1.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4
Past tobacco smoking 4.0 7.3 15.4 3.9 1.7 3.6 3.5 0.7 -0.6
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 1.0 4.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 2.1 0.8
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 0.7 -0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.6 1.0 1.5 1.1 -0.5 1.1 1.2 0.5 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 2.3 3.0 5.6 2.4 0.8 1.9 2.0 1.3 -1.5
Had menopause 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.6 -0.6
Had other major operations 1.4 1.7 3.9 -0.8 -2.0 -1.3 -0.6 0.2 1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.3 4.9 9.3 -3.0 -1.5 -3.0 -2.8 1.0 0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.6 1.5 5.7 0.1 -2.4 -0.6 0.1 0.7 -1.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 4.9 6.0 11.8 3.1 0.3 2.3 3.4 2.6 -1.5
Qualifications: None of the above 0.7 1.5 2.8 -1.3 -0.8 -1.1 -1.5 -1.7 0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.2 1.6 4.1 1.5 -0.5 0.8 1.2 0.9 -2.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.6 1.0 2.1 1.4 0.3 1.1 1.4 -0.7 -0.3
Heart attack 2.0 2.5 6.7 2.6 1.0 1.5 2.1 -1.0 0.0
Allergy 2.4 5.6 14.0 -2.8 -1.7 -2.8 -3.7 1.0 0.8
Pain all over the body in last month 1.8 1.9 3.9 1.2 1.9 2.0 1.4 -0.5 0.3
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 4.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 -2.1 0.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.7 2.5 6.1 1.8 0.3 1.7 1.6 -2.5 -0.7
Fluid intelligence score 0.5 1.0 4.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 2.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 1.0 3.4 -1.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.9 0.6 0.0
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.0 3.2 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 -1.8
Weight 1.6 7.7 12.6 3.3 0.6 3.6 3.5 -2.1 -2.4
Impedance of arm (right) 1.0 4.5 9.4 -2.0 -0.4 -2.8 -2.3 3.1 0.7
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.8 3.3 5.2 2.2 0.7 2.3 2.1 -1.9 -1.1
Trunk fat-free mass 0.7 4.0 10.0 2.0 -0.2 3.2 2.3 -1.3 -1.7
Hip circumference 1.9 8.3 14.5 3.8 0.9 3.4 3.8 -2.0 -2.2
Time employed in main current job 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.4 0.4 0.7 0.1 -1.1 1.4
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.9 1.7 3.3 1.2 -0.7 0.8 1.1 1.8 -1.8
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.1
Falls in the last year 1.7 2.3 5.9 1.9 1.0 2.4 1.6 -0.6 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.9 1.3 3.8 -1.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 0.9 1.9
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 1.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.4 4.8 8.4 -2.8 -1.1 -2.9 -2.9 1.8 0.3
Pulse rate 1.1 1.9 3.8 -1.6 -1.1 -1.5 -2.0 -1.0 -0.4
Happiness 0.9 1.1 2.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.3 -1.4 -0.2
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.6 -0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.4 0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 0.9 3.8 0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.0 1.9 -1.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 3.3 -0.8 1.8 -0.4 -0.9 -1.1 1.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 1.0
Asthma 1.5 2.9 6.7 2.1 0.9 2.1 2.6 -0.8 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.7 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.3 -1.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.4 2.2 4.3 1.9 0.8 1.2 1.5 -2.1 -1.0
Depression (self-reported) 4.2 5.0 9.5 -2.0 -3.1 -2.0 -2.5 0.4 -2.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.5 2.5 -1.4 1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -0.6 0.6
Prospective memory result 1.8 2.2 4.8 1.6 0.0 1.5 1.6 -2.2 -0.9
Lung cancer (father) 4.0 4.7 7.7 -2.4 -2.4 -2.7 -2.8 1.1 0.1
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.5 0.3 1.1 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.1 3.4 6.1 -2.0 -0.7 -2.5 -2.4 1.7 1.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.3 2.5 -1.6 -0.9 -0.9 -1.6 0.9 0.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.8 3.8 11.1 -1.4 -0.0 -2.5 -1.8 3.3 0.8
Arm fat mass (right) 1.4 5.8 8.8 2.9 0.6 3.0 2.9 -2.3 -1.9
Trunk predicted mass 0.7 3.9 9.9 1.9 -0.1 3.1 2.3 -1.2 -1.7
Standing height 0.2 1.6 5.0 0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.9 1.8 -2.2
Length of working week for main job 1.2 1.3 3.4 1.4 0.0 1.1 1.2 1.9 -0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.0 -1.0 0.1 -0.0 -1.0 -1.0
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 -1.0 0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 2.1 3.5 8.2 -2.0 -2.1 -1.6 -2.9 1.1 -1.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.0 2.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 0.5 -1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.5 3.6 9.9 1.9 3.1 1.9 1.9 -0.7 0.8
Birth weight of first child 0.4 0.7 2.6 0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.5 1.6 -0.9
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.6 3.6 8.3 -2.8 -1.3 -2.9 -2.0 0.1 0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.8 1.8 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.2 0.2 0.1
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 2.4 2.9 5.5 -1.8 -2.4 -1.7 -2.0 -0.2 -1.2
Loud music exposure frequency 1.4 1.6 4.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 2.0 -0.5 -0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.0 4.2 -0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.8 2.0 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.9
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 3.1 4.0 6.6 2.3 1.8 2.0 2.6 -0.8 -1.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.6 1.1 2.3 -1.0 0.9 -0.8 -1.2 1.5 -0.2
Headache pain in last month 3.0 5.2 9.3 -2.8 -1.9 -2.7 -3.0 -1.5 1.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.0 1.7 5.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 2.4 1.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.7 0.6
Gout (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 4.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.2 -1.1 -2.0 -0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.8 1.6 3.9 1.3 -0.2 1.0 0.7 1.5 2.0
Medication: Amlodipine 2.5 3.4 8.2 -1.4 -1.9 -2.1 -1.6 -2.9 -0.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 3.9 5.0 10.0 3.2 2.4 2.0 2.8 0.5 1.6
Birth weight 1.5 3.3 5.6 2.0 1.8 2.4 1.8 0.2 -1.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.7 0.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.1 1.5 6.8 0.1 -2.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 -1.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.8 3.8 -1.7 -0.4 -1.9 -1.7 0.8 0.7
Body fat percentage 1.4 5.7 8.9 2.9 1.5 2.7 3.0 -2.1 -1.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.9 7.1 10.2 2.9 1.8 3.0 3.2 -2.7 -1.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.1 5.6 10.0 2.5 0.3 3.2 2.8 -1.8 -2.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.7 1.0 2.8 -0.8 0.2 -1.2 -0.9 -1.7 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 2.0 5.6 10.8 3.3 -0.4 3.0 2.6 1.4 -2.1
Number of full brothers 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.8 1.4 4.1 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 -2.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.1 1.4 2.0 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -1.3 0.4 -1.1
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.1 2.0 4.2 1.1 0.3 2.0 1.5 -2.1 -0.1
Number of children fathered 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.7 -0.6 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.3 1.5 2.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 1.0 -1.4
Age at first live birth 1.7 2.9 6.1 1.4 1.7 2.5 2.2 1.4 -0.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.3 1.5 2.9 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.7 -0.9 -0.6
Health satisfaction 1.1 1.5 3.9 0.5 2.0 1.6 0.4 0.2 -1.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.3 1.5 3.6 1.9 0.8 1.5 1.5 -0.2 -0.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 2.0 6.3 9.7 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.1 2.2 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.9 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.7 2.3 -0.0 0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.6 1.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.5 -0.3 0.3 1.2 0.7 1.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.1 3.0 4.2 -1.8 -1.9 -1.6 -1.7 -2.0 1.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.0 4.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -2.1 -0.8
Angina (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 2.8 1.7 1.0 1.6 1.5 -1.0 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 5.3 -0.9 -2.3 -0.2 -0.0 -1.7 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.0 1.2 2.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 1.4 -1.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.9 1.3 4.3 -0.7 -0.6 -1.2 -1.0 -2.1 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole 1.1 1.3 5.6 -0.1 -1.0 0.3 -0.7 -2.4 -0.5
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.7 3.2 -0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.8
Heart disease (mother) 1.2 1.5 5.4 1.6 -0.0 0.9 2.3 0.1 0.2
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.3 1.5 2.8 -1.2 -1.7 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1
Whole body fat mass 1.8 7.4 11.5 3.2 1.1 3.3 3.4 -2.6 -2.0
Leg fat mass (right) 1.9 7.3 10.9 2.9 1.2 3.3 3.0 -2.9 -2.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.2 6.0 10.7 2.7 0.3 3.3 2.9 -1.9 -2.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.9 3.0 6.4 -1.4 -2.5 -2.0 -2.0 -1.2 -0.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.4 4.8 0.3 -0.0 1.4 0.8 -2.2 -1.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.5 3.0 12.0 -0.6 -2.0 -0.9 -0.7 0.4 -3.5
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Overall health rating 0.6 1.3 4.5 0.1 1.3 1.2 0.2 -2.1 -0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.7 0.9 2.8 0.6 1.7 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3
Had major operations 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3
Age at last live birth 0.2 0.3 0.9 -1.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 -0.9 0.2
Leg pain on walking 2.0 2.5 4.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 2.1 1.0 -1.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 2.6 3.1 5.8 1.8 2.4 2.0 2.3 -0.1 -0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 1.1 1.5 2.6 1.2 0.9 1.6 1.2 -1.4 -0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.0 1.2 4.4 -0.4 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6 -2.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.6 1.5 0.9 0.7 0.5 -0.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.3 3.7 10.2 -1.1 -2.1 -1.8 -1.6 -3.2 -0.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.1 1.8 0.7 0.1 -0.2 1.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.8 1.1 4.5 1.1 -2.1 0.1 0.9 0.0 -0.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.2 1.5 2.7 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.3 -0.9 -0.7
Smoking status: Previous 3.0 4.4 9.2 -3.0 -1.9 -2.8 -2.4 -0.2 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.1 4.8 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.3 2.2 -1.2
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.7 9.8 2.3 -0.2 3.1 2.5 -1.6 -2.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.6 3.4 6.7 2.1 -0.6 2.6 2.1 -1.3 -1.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.0 3.9 6.2 2.5 0.9 2.5 2.5 -1.8 -1.1
Average weekly red wine intake 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 1.4 1.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.8 1.0 3.0 -1.7 -0.3 -0.5 -1.6 0.3 -0.3
Mood swings 0.4 0.7 1.4 0.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0 -1.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 0.9 3.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.8 -1.9 -0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.6 2.4 7.2 1.7 0.2 1.8 2.7 -0.3 -1.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 0.9 1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.6 0.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.8 3.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -1.8 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.0 1.1 4.4 -0.3 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 2.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 -1.6 0.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 0.9 3.0 1.2 0.5 1.7 0.7 -0.4 0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 0.6 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.1 -0.6 0.9 0.4 -1.3 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.0 1.5 2.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 -1.3 1.1 -1.5
Medication for cholesterol 1.1 1.7 3.3 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.8 1.3 -0.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 0.9 2.8 0.0 0.4 -0.9 0.1 1.2 -1.7
Back pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.7 6.7 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.8 -1.1 -2.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.3 1.7 4.8 1.3 -0.5 0.3 1.4 -2.2 1.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.6 1.9 3.5 -0.9 -1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 -1.9
Asthma (self-reported) 1.4 2.8 6.6 2.1 0.8 2.1 2.6 -0.9 0.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 1.5 -1.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.5
Medication: Aspirin 1.3 1.6 3.2 1.3 1.1 1.8 1.3 -1.4 -0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.7
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.4 1.7 3.9 -2.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.8 -0.9 0.1
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -1.2 0.1 1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.6 3.4 6.3 -1.6 -1.1 -2.5 -2.4 1.4 1.6
Whole body water mass 0.8 4.6 9.7 2.3 -0.2 3.1 2.5 -1.6 -2.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.3 6.4 2.0 -0.7 2.5 2.0 -1.3 -1.8
Arm fat mass (left) 1.4 5.8 9.1 2.9 0.6 3.0 3.0 -2.2 -1.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.5 0.8 2.0 0.7 -0.7 0.3 1.0 -1.4 -0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.3 1.8 6.4 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.0 1.6 -2.5
Miserableness 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.0
Guilty feelings 0.8 1.2 5.0 0.5 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -1.1 -2.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.6 1.9 4.5 1.8 0.3 1.5 2.1 0.9 -0.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 3.6 4.1 8.5 -2.2 -1.7 -2.9 -2.4 1.4 0.7
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.1 -0.5 1.6 1.1 -0.3 0.7
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.1 2.8 -0.7 -1.7 -1.2 -0.3 0.5 -1.2
Financial situation satisfaction 2.3 2.9 7.0 1.8 1.4 2.0 2.6 -0.6 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.5 1.8 5.1 0.7 -0.8 0.5 1.4 -1.5 -2.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 4.4 5.3 9.5 2.9 2.3 3.1 2.8 0.3 -1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.7 3.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4 -2.0 -0.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.6 0.8 1.9 -0.6 -1.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -1.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.6 0.7 3.2 -0.2 1.1 0.2 -0.0 1.8 -0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.7 3.0 5.5 1.8 1.1 2.0 1.9 -2.4 -0.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.0 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.7 0.4 -0.9 -1.0 1.4 -0.2
Medication: Lisinopril 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.4
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.1 -0.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.8
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 -1.5
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.4 -1.1 -0.4
Ever smoked 4.4 7.7 15.2 -3.9 -1.8 -3.7 -3.7 -0.8 0.5
Basal metabolic rate 1.0 5.7 11.4 2.6 0.1 3.4 2.9 -1.8 -2.2
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.5 5.3 7.8 2.5 1.5 2.5 2.8 -2.7 -1.4
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.2 6.0 11.0 2.6 0.2 3.3 2.9 -2.1 -2.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.7 2.5 4.9 -1.8 -2.2 -1.4 -1.7 -1.5 0.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.0 1.4 -0.6 0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 1.2
Irritability 1.2 2.0 7.1 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.2 1.8 -2.7
Risk taking 4.5 6.5 16.8 -2.0 -4.1 -3.5 -2.0 -0.4 -1.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 0.9 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.8
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 3.6 4.5 9.4 2.2 -0.6 1.3 2.6 1.8 -3.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.5 5.9 -1.3 -1.4 -2.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 2.1 2.6 5.6 1.9 0.7 2.4 2.2 0.5 -0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 1.0 -1.0 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.2 1.5 4.8 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.4 -0.2 2.2
Myopia 0.6 0.9 4.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 -2.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.9 2.5 10.9 0.5 1.3 1.1 1.1 3.3 0.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.5 1.9 9.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -3.0 -0.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 2.5 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.6 1.6 1.2
Supplements: Calcium 5.3 5.8 7.6 -2.3 -2.7 -2.6 -1.9 2.1 -2.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.9 -1.1 -1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 5.2 2.3 0.8 1.2 1.8 -1.4 0.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 3.0 3.8 6.6 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.6 -0.6 -2.0
Heart disease (siblings) 1.0 1.2 2.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.7 -1.2 1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.4 2.7 7.9 -0.4 -1.5 -0.7 -0.3 -2.3 -2.8
Pack years of smoking 0.9 1.3 3.5 -1.4 0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -0.2 1.9
Impedance of whole body 0.7 3.4 7.5 -1.6 0.4 -2.7 -1.7 2.7 0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 1.7 6.7 9.7 2.8 1.1 3.1 3.0 -2.9 -2.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.2 5.9 10.0 2.4 -0.1 3.2 2.8 -2.1 -2.6