Hub : Genes

USP48

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0610 0.0220 2.9e-03 0.000 0.023 0.007 0.02 0.003 2.9e-01 7.4e-04 3.7e-02 0.0016 1.1e-01
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1004 0.0334 1.0e-03 0.036 NA 0.024 NA 0.029 8.2e-04 NA 5.1e-03 NA 2.3e-03
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1400 0.0470 3.1e-03 -0.004 NA 0.007 NA 0.008 9.3e-01 NA 9.0e-02 NA 7.4e-02
4 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.2070 0.0600 3.7e-04 0.001 NA -0.004 NA 0.004 2.6e-01 NA 7.0e-01 NA 1.9e-01
5 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1230 0.0439 2.2e-03 0.063 NA 0.054 NA 0.071 2.9e-05 NA 1.0e-04 NA 9.6e-06
6 GTEx Thyroid 0.3950 0.0530 0.0e+00 0.286 NA 0.365 NA 0.384 3.7e-22 NA 3.6e-29 NA 5.4e-31
7 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0311 0.0122 5.1e-05 0.015 0.017 0.011 NA 0.011 3.3e-04 1.3e-04 1.9e-03 NA 2.2e-03
8 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0341 0.0171 2.5e-03 0.022 0.013 0.006 NA 0.012 1.4e-03 1.0e-02 5.7e-02 NA 1.3e-02
9 TCGA Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma 0.1850 0.1030 1.7e-03 0.020 0.043 0.057 NA 0.039 5.2e-02 8.2e-03 2.7e-03 NA 1.1e-02
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1250 0.0410 5.8e-11 0.103 0.101 0.099 NA 0.129 3.0e-10 5.3e-10 7.4e-10 NA 1.4e-12

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.6 0.9 0.8 -0.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.2 3.4 -0.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.4 -0.9 -0.1 -1.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.1 3.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -0.2 -1.3 0.7 -1.8 -0.2 -0.8 0.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.9 2.9 9.8 -1.3 -2.5 -1.6 -0.5 -1.7 0.7 -3.1 -1.0 -1.9 0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.9 4.2 0.6 0.5 2.0 -0.0 0.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.0 0.8 -1.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.8 6.9 -2.3 -1.8 -1.8 -0.9 -1.8 0.7 -2.6 -0.3 -2.1 0.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.5 9.3 -0.7 -3.0 -1.7 -0.9 -1.0 0.4 -2.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.6 2.1 5.3 -0.9 -2.0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.9 0.8 -2.3 -1.8 -1.1 0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.8 3.9 12.0 -2.9 -2.2 -1.5 -0.4 -1.9 0.9 -2.6 -0.3 -3.5 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 0.2 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 0.8 0.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.2 3.9 0.1 1.4 1.3 -0.5 0.2 1.5 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 2.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.8 2.0 -1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.8 0.4 1.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 1.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 4.6 -2.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.8 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.2
Major Depression (MDD) 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.3 -0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -1.1
Reaction Time 1.9 3.7 8.6 -2.9 -0.3 -0.7 -1.2 -1.6 2.7 -0.0 -1.5 -2.5 2.9
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.7 2.4 0.3 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.7 -1.6 -0.2 0.4 0.3 -1.5
Breast Cancer 0.6 1.5 4.0 -0.1 1.4 0.8 -1.0 0.2 -1.8 0.6 1.5 1.1 -2.0
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.1 1.9 1.2 0.8 1.1 -0.4 1.4 -1.3 0.6 1.3 0.3 -1.3
Prostate Cancer 0.8 1.1 2.9 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.7 -1.3 1.4 -0.4 -1.6 -0.5 1.7
Age at First Birth 0.7 1.0 2.4 0.0 -0.1 1.2 -1.1 0.5 -1.5 -0.8 1.1 0.4 -1.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.5 2.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 -1.5 -0.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.9
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 1.3 0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 1.0 -0.7 1.0 1.5 0.2 -0.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.7 2.7 8.5 -1.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.9 -1.2 2.6 -0.7 -2.3 -1.3 2.9
Mean Putamen Volume 4.5 5.1 12.0 -3.3 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.7 3.1 0.8 -2.0 -3.0 3.5
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.6
HbA1C 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.0 -1.1 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.3 0.6 -0.0
LDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 3.8 -1.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 1.8 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 2.0
Lupus 0.8 1.3 5.0 -0.2 0.5 0.1 2.0 2.2 -0.1 1.4 1.2 0.1 0.4
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.5 0.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.6 -0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.4 1.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.0 0.4 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.9 -0.6 0.1 1.1 0.4 -0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.3 2.8 6.1 -1.0 -2.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 0.9 -2.5 -2.1 -1.2 0.8
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 2.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2 0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.7 0.3 -0.5
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.9 1.2 -0.7 0.4 0.6 1.0 -0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.4 7.0 2.6 1.7 0.9 1.4 2.1 -1.0 1.5 1.2 0.7 -1.3
Blood Platelet Count 0.1 1.7 4.3 0.6 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.9 -0.1 2.1 1.9 -0.2 -0.2
Blood Red Count 0.6 6.0 29.6 -5.4 -2.5 -0.4 -2.5 -2.0 1.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.3 2.0
Blood White Count 0.1 1.0 3.7 1.9 1.8 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.5 1.5 -0.3
Heel T-Score 3.4 27.1 79.2 3.7 1.6 -5.5 -1.6 -6.6 6.1 -5.3 -8.9 -0.5 5.8
BMI 0.3 1.6 4.3 0.9 2.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 1.7 1.5 -1.4 -0.4 1.9
Height 0.2 4.1 10.8 -2.8 2.1 3.3 -1.0 2.1 -0.6 1.3 1.5 -2.8 -0.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.5 5.6 -0.3 -2.3 1.1 -0.6 0.2 2.1 -0.2 -1.8 -2.1 2.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.5 2.7 13.5 -2.4 -3.7 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 -1.6 -1.1 -1.9 0.1
Smoking Status 0.9 2.2 5.7 2.2 -0.4 -0.2 1.8 -0.1 -2.4 -1.1 1.2 0.3 -2.4
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.1 4.8 -0.1 2.2 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5 1.8 1.3 -0.3 0.6
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.3 2.6 -1.6 -1.1 0.9 -0.2 -1.2 1.5 -0.2 -1.3 -0.6 1.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 2.0 4.6 10.9 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -2.5 2.6 -1.8 -3.0 -3.3 2.8
Respiratory disease 0.2 0.5 1.9 1.3 1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.1 1.4 0.6 -0.0 -0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.6 1.1 2.9 0.0 1.0 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 1.3 0.7 -1.7 -1.0 1.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.8 4.1 14.7 -3.8 -2.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 2.1 -0.6 -2.5 -0.6 2.6
Lung FVC 0.5 2.6 5.5 -2.1 -2.3 0.8 -1.5 -1.8 -1.0 -2.3 -1.4 -0.1 -1.2
Neuroticism 0.8 1.9 5.5 -1.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 0.1 -2.4 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2
Chronotype (morning person) 1.1 2.5 5.4 -1.3 1.4 1.1 -2.3 -0.9 2.2 1.9 0.4 -0.9 2.0
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.4 1.2 0.0 -1.1 0.9 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.5 1.0 0.4 -0.2
Tanning 0.2 1.9 3.8 0.7 1.6 -0.2 1.4 1.1 -1.7 1.5 1.8 0.7 -1.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.9 2.0 1.3 -0.9 1.4 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 -1.4 -1.1 -0.6 -0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.1 2.0 5.7 -1.0 1.4 0.5 0.1 -0.8 2.4 2.1 -0.3 -1.3 2.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 4.0 0.9 1.0 -1.0 1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.4 2.0 0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.8 3.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -1.5 -1.0 0.9 0.1 -1.8
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 3.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6 1.2 -1.6 -1.3 -1.9 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.8 1.2 3.2 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 1.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.6 1.7 1.3 1.0 0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.7 1.3 -0.1 -0.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.2 2.9 -0.9 0.8 0.1 0.6 -1.2 1.7 0.3 -1.5 -0.9 1.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.3
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.3 7.9 -2.2 -2.8 -0.6 -1.5 -0.8 0.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.1 1.2 2.8 -1.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.7 1.6 1.1 -1.2 -0.7 1.7
Angina 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.3 1.2 0.5 -0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.6 -0.7 0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.0 2.7 5.1 -1.5 -2.2 -0.4 -1.2 -1.6 1.6 -2.2 -2.0 -1.1 1.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.9 2.1 4.8 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.9 2.2 -1.6 2.2 1.8 1.3 -1.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.1 1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 -0.1
Medication: Metformin 0.6 0.9 2.0 -0.9 0.7 0.1 -0.9 -1.2 1.0 0.6 -1.4 -0.5 1.2
Diabetes (father) 0.7 0.8 5.2 -0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 -2.3 0.5
Diabetes (mother) 1.6 2.0 5.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 -2.3 -1.9 0.7 -1.5 -1.8 -1.8 1.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.9 1.1 2.1 1.3 -0.2 -0.8 1.2 1.3 -1.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 -1.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.8 1.8 1.2 1.3 -0.6 1.1 0.4 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.2 -1.1
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 0.9 4.5 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.5 0.1 0.2 -2.1 1.3
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.3 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.4 1.6 4.5 0.0 0.6 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 1.8 0.1 -1.4 -1.4 1.8
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.0 2.2 0.8 -0.9 1.4 -1.0 -0.1 0.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.0 0.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.1 1.5 5.9 2.4 0.9 -0.7 1.5 1.4 -1.3 0.5 0.2 0.5 -1.1
Current tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 2.7 1.0 -0.5 -1.0 0.4 -1.6 -0.3 -1.6 -1.3 -0.9 -0.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 1.4 -1.1 1.1 0.6 1.0 -0.7
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.9 0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.2
Fed-up feelings 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.0 0.6 -1.0 0.5 -1.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 0.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.6 3.5 -1.4 0.0 -1.2 -1.8 -1.1 0.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 0.5
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -1.3 0.5
Taking other prescription medications 1.1 1.6 4.3 0.7 1.4 -0.9 0.5 -2.1 1.9 0.7 -0.4 -1.4 1.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.7 1.6 4.4 0.4 -0.4 1.3 0.1 1.1 -1.9 0.6 2.1 -0.0 -2.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.5 1.7 5.2 0.8 1.0 -0.2 1.0 1.3 -2.3 1.0 0.5 1.0 -2.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.6 3.7 11.7 1.8 -0.3 -1.8 0.3 -2.3 1.6 -3.4 -2.9 -0.4 1.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.0 1.1 3.1 0.7 -0.4 -1.2 0.5 -1.3 0.8 -1.3 -1.8 -0.3 1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 3.3 4.3 9.4 2.2 0.1 -0.5 3.1 2.6 -2.3 1.5 1.7 2.5 -2.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.9 -0.4 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 0.7 -0.2 -1.1 0.4
High blood pressure 0.2 0.7 2.2 -1.4 -1.5 0.7 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -1.0 0.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.2 1.2 -0.7 -0.0 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.1 0.1 0.2
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.9 3.7 6.3 2.5 2.4 0.0 1.6 2.0 -1.5 2.5 2.4 1.3 -1.6
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.7 2.1 6.9 -2.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 2.5 0.2 -1.0 -0.9 2.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.3 1.7 5.3 0.5 0.9 -2.3 0.7 1.5 -0.9 1.3 1.7 1.4 -0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 -1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1 0.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.5 -1.2 1.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.0 1.8 5.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 1.6 -1.4 1.7 -0.4 -1.1 -2.3 1.6
Sitting height 0.5 3.7 13.6 -3.6 1.6 3.7 -1.9 0.6 -1.4 -0.2 0.4 -1.1 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 0.9 2.8 0.9 1.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 1.0 0.4 -0.9 0.8 1.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.4 -1.3 0.2 0.9 -0.2 -0.0 -0.6 -1.4 0.1 -0.2
Body mass index (BMI) 0.2 0.8 1.8 0.6 1.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.2 0.8 -1.4 -0.4 1.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.3 5.3 0.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 1.5 -0.6 0.1 -2.3 1.3
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.1 -0.2 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.6
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.1 3.4 -0.0 1.0 1.8 -0.6 -0.4 1.2 0.2 -1.3 -1.3 1.2
Waist circumference 0.3 0.9 1.9 -0.1 0.7 1.0 -0.7 0.2 1.2 0.9 -1.2 -1.2 1.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.8 3.0 11.0 -3.3 -2.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.7 0.5 -2.2 -1.1 -2.1 0.4
Past tobacco smoking 1.4 2.5 6.1 -2.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.8 -0.4 2.5 1.1 -1.7 -0.8 2.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.1
Nervous feelings 1.8 3.4 8.3 -2.0 -1.3 -2.3 -0.2 -2.1 1.3 -2.4 -1.1 -2.9 1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 3.2 4.9 11.0 -2.9 0.2 -0.7 -1.7 -1.9 3.3 -0.5 -2.2 -2.7 3.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.8 2.8 8.2 -1.2 -2.2 -2.0 -1.5 -2.4 0.4 -2.9 -0.5 -0.8 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.8 1.1 2.8 0.3 -1.7 -1.4 1.3 0.3 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 1.0 -0.8
Had menopause 0.7 0.8 2.4 -1.6 -0.3 -1.0 -1.5 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.7
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.1 3.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.8 -1.1 -0.4 -1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.1 2.6 9.0 2.3 0.0 -1.4 1.3 -1.3 1.1 -3.0 -1.9 -0.2 1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.5 -0.0 0.8 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.5 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.3 0.2 -0.6 1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.9 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.0 1.6 4.3 0.6 -0.7 1.2 0.7 1.4 -1.9 -0.8 0.5 2.1 -1.6
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.6 -0.2 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.2 -1.0 -0.4 0.7
Allergy 0.3 0.7 2.0 0.1 -1.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -1.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.0 -0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.6 0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.8 -0.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 1.0 1.3 -1.1 -0.4
Medication: Ramipril 1.2 1.6 6.2 1.1 -0.3 -1.4 2.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.0 0.6 1.7 -1.2
Medication: Simvastatin 0.5 0.8 2.1 -0.7 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.1 1.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.2 1.4
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.9 5.0 0.4 -0.1 2.2 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 0.7 -1.1
Illnesses of siblings 1.4 2.0 5.3 0.6 -0.6 -1.0 1.1 1.6 -2.0 -0.4 1.6 1.5 -2.3
Neuroticism score 0.8 1.7 6.1 -1.6 0.1 -1.3 -1.0 -1.6 0.9 -1.5 -0.5 -2.5 0.4
Weight 0.1 0.6 1.8 0.0 1.3 1.1 -0.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.8 0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 1.1 3.0 0.1 0.5 1.7 1.3 1.3 -0.5 0.5 1.6 -0.8 -0.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 2.2 0.3 1.3 1.5 0.1 -0.0 1.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 1.5
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.4 0.9 -0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7
Hip circumference 0.1 0.4 1.7 0.5 1.3 1.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.7 3.1 0.4 -1.0 0.4 1.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.9 0.4 1.3 -0.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.3 -1.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -1.5 -0.9 0.0
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.9 0.4 0.1 -1.2 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.5 -1.3 0.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 2.0 3.7 8.6 -2.9 -0.8 -1.3 -0.9 -2.6 1.4 -2.0 -1.6 -2.9 1.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 2.4 -0.7 -0.3 -1.6 -0.6 -1.2 0.6 -0.8 -1.4 -0.7 0.3
Falls in the last year 2.3 3.1 7.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -2.4 2.5 -1.4 -2.8 -1.2 2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.1 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 1.4 0.1
Number of live births 0.3 0.5 2.8 -0.2 -1.0 -1.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.5 4.1 -1.4 -2.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.8 -1.9 -0.1 -0.6
Pulse rate 0.4 0.7 2.4 0.9 1.4 -1.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.5
Happiness 3.1 3.8 9.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.0 -3.0 -2.7 0.7 -2.6 -1.9 -1.2 0.5
Noisy workplace 2.0 2.5 10.1 0.3 3.2 -1.2 0.7 1.2 1.3 2.5 -0.1 -0.9 1.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.2 3.5 -0.2 -0.8 1.6 -1.0 -1.0 0.2 -1.7 -1.9 0.3 0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.3 4.1 0.2 1.0 -1.4 1.7 0.3 -0.1 2.0 1.5 -0.2 -0.2
Asthma 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.3 1.7 4.2 -0.9 1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.8 2.0 1.3 -0.2 -1.4 1.7
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.7 1.0 3.6 0.3 1.8 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 1.0 1.9 -0.2 -0.3 1.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.6 0.6 1.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.7 0.7 2.4 1.1 0.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 1.0 1.6 -0.4 0.1 1.2
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.5 3.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.7 -1.2 0.7 1.0 0.3 -1.3
Illnesses of mother 0.8 1.0 2.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 1.3 -1.2 1.0 1.6 1.1 -1.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.2 0.8 1.4 -1.1 -0.9 0.9 0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 0.3 -1.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.2 6.5 -0.1 0.3 -2.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 0.5 0.9 0.3 -1.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.6 2.6 -0.2 0.1 1.6 1.1 0.7 -0.3 0.2 1.2 -0.6 -0.4
Arm fat mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.3 0.3 1.5 1.5 -0.1 0.4 1.0 1.3 -0.9 -0.7 1.2
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.4 0.9 -0.5 0.9 -0.3 0.2 0.9 -1.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7
Standing height 0.1 1.2 2.5 -1.2 0.7 1.6 -0.0 1.1 -1.6 -0.3 0.6 -1.2 -1.4
Length of working week for main job 2.1 2.4 5.4 1.5 1.0 2.3 -0.1 1.9 -1.5 1.1 1.4 2.0 -1.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 2.1 2.4 5.4 -1.3 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3 -2.3 1.9 -0.9 -2.0 -1.6 1.8
Breastfed as a baby 1.4 1.7 4.0 -1.9 1.2 2.0 -1.3 -0.4 1.5 0.8 -1.0 -0.7 1.6
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.6 3.7 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.9 -0.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 4.2 -2.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.2 -0.5 0.2 -1.7 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.3 3.0 12.0 -3.5 -0.8 0.5 -1.5 -0.5 2.0 0.6 -1.1 -2.0 2.3
Birth weight of first child 0.4 0.7 2.6 -1.6 -0.2 0.6 -1.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.8 -0.2 -0.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.7 1.6 3.0 0.1 -1.7 -1.4 1.5 0.8 -1.7 -1.0 -0.3 1.4 -1.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.8 1.0 3.5 -1.0 0.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.6 1.9 7.0 2.6 0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -1.9
Loud music exposure frequency 1.7 1.8 4.8 -1.5 -2.1 -0.0 -1.2 -1.2 0.6 -2.2 -1.1 -1.2 0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.1 5.7 -0.4 -1.1 2.4 0.3 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.5 0.6 3.1 0.0 -0.0 0.4 -1.8 -0.8 0.9 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.5 3.6 -1.0 0.3 -1.9 -1.9 -0.5 1.7 0.7 0.0 -0.8 1.4
Headache pain in last month 0.7 1.2 3.5 -1.2 0.3 -1.9 -0.5 -0.3 1.7 0.5 0.2 -1.0 1.5
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.6 0.9 -1.3 -1.1 0.2 1.1 -1.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.4 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 1.0 -0.5
Gout (self-reported) 2.3 3.2 6.1 2.5 1.2 -1.4 2.1 1.6 -2.4 -0.2 1.7 1.6 -2.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 2.6 5.1 13.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -2.8 2.8 -1.8 -2.9 -3.7 2.8
Medication: Amlodipine 0.9 1.3 3.8 1.0 0.5 -0.9 2.0 0.5 -1.3 0.4 0.7 1.8 -1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.8
Birth weight 0.2 0.5 2.8 -0.4 0.7 1.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.8 0.1 1.3 -0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.0 -0.6 0.7 0.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.8 -1.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.8 0.4 0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.1 2.9 -0.9 -0.5 1.6 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 -1.7 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.6 4.0 0.4 0.8 1.6 -0.5 -0.7 2.0 0.5 -1.4 -1.4 2.0
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.8 5.1 1.1 1.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 2.2 1.0 -1.3 -1.4 2.3
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.3 1.7 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.4 1.9 4.8 -1.5 1.0 2.2 -1.4 -0.4 1.9 0.6 -1.0 -0.5 1.9
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.5 1.7 -0.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.2 1.1 0.5 0.1 0.3
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.7 4.0 1.1 -0.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.8 1.4 4.2 -0.3 0.8 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 0.7 -2.0 -0.8 -0.7 0.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.4 3.1 8.5 -2.9 -1.1 -0.7 -2.5 -1.9 1.2 -1.0 -1.5 -2.1 1.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.9 4.2 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 1.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.1
Number of children fathered 2.1 2.3 6.1 -0.8 -1.8 0.2 -1.6 -1.5 0.6 -2.5 -2.3 -1.3 1.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.1 1.3 3.3 1.7 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.7 -1.8 -0.1 1.0 0.9 -1.6
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.7 3.4 -0.4 -0.7 1.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -1.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.0 1.2 6.7 0.0 -0.4 2.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 1.1
Health satisfaction 2.7 3.5 5.5 -2.1 -0.6 -1.4 -2.1 -2.3 2.4 -0.3 -1.9 -2.2 2.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.3 1.5 5.9 0.7 1.6 -0.1 0.7 1.4 -0.4 2.4 1.9 0.3 -0.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.0 3.2 6.9 -1.8 -0.7 -0.4 -2.6 -2.1 0.9 -2.5 -2.5 -1.6 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.9 2.3 7.6 2.7 -0.2 -1.3 1.4 0.4 -2.0 -0.7 0.9 1.5 -1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.4 3.3 -0.3 -0.3 -1.8 -0.1 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 3.9 1.0 1.0 -2.0 0.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.8
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.9 1.6 5.2 0.4 -1.8 1.4 0.4 0.3 -1.7 -2.3 -0.3 0.8 -1.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.9 4.2 -0.1 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 1.2 1.1 0.4 -0.3 1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.2 -1.5 0.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.0 1.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.0 -0.7 1.1 1.2 0.5 -0.5
Migraine (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 12.4 0.8 0.7 -3.5 2.2 0.8 -0.8 0.6 1.1 1.2 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen 2.1 2.5 6.6 -1.2 1.2 -0.6 -1.9 -1.3 2.6 1.0 -0.8 -1.8 2.1
Medication: Allopurinol 3.2 4.3 8.3 2.9 2.8 -0.9 2.1 1.7 -2.0 1.5 2.6 1.6 -1.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 1.6 0.7 -0.0 0.4 0.4 -1.6 0.1
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.2 2.4 7.0 -2.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 1.9 -0.3 -0.8 -1.9 2.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.8 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.8 2.7 1.1 1.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 1.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 1.6
Whole body fat mass 0.3 1.3 2.7 -0.0 0.9 1.4 -0.5 -0.6 1.6 0.4 -1.5 -1.2 1.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 2.7 0.4 0.9 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 1.6 0.7 -1.3 -1.0 1.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.0 0.2 1.0 -0.6 0.4 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 -0.4 0.1
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.3 4.2 9.7 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 -2.7 -2.5 2.8 -1.1 -2.2 -1.9 3.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 0.9 0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.9
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.2 7.3 0.4 -0.0 0.1 1.1 2.1 -2.7 0.2 1.3 0.7 -2.5
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 1.8 1.0 0.0 -0.8 1.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.4 2.3 10.5 -3.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0 1.2 -0.4 -0.5 -2.6 1.2
Overall health rating 2.2 4.7 9.5 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 -2.6 -3.1 2.6 -1.6 -3.0 -2.5 2.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 0.7
Had major operations 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.3 -0.2
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.7 -1.3 -0.3 0.5 -0.9
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.6 4.2 -2.0 -1.6 -0.4 -1.9 -1.4 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2
Leg pain on walking 1.6 2.0 3.9 0.4 1.8 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 1.7 1.0 -1.3 -2.0 1.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 5.1 6.1 14.1 3.0 2.8 1.1 1.6 3.0 -1.7 3.8 2.6 2.1 -1.8
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.0 1.1 3.6 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -1.9 -0.4 1.3 0.2 -1.3 -1.6 1.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.2 -0.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.8 1.6 -1.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.9 1.1 0.6 -1.3 -1.1 1.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 -0.5 1.3 0.3 0.7 -0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.1 3.8 0.4 2.0 -1.3 0.9 -0.6 1.2 0.9 -0.5 0.8 1.0
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.2 0.6 2.6 -1.2 -1.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.8 2.1 6.4 -1.4 -1.1 -2.3 -1.0 -1.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -2.5 1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.6 2.2 4.6 -1.2 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.9 2.0 -0.2 -1.6 -2.1 1.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.2 1.5 5.1 0.1 1.1 1.6 -0.8 -1.1 1.1 0.9 0.2 -2.2 1.3
Smoking status: Previous 1.6 2.4 5.6 1.7 0.5 1.1 1.8 0.9 -2.4 -0.5 1.9 1.1 -2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.8 0.1 1.2 0.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.4 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.1 -0.4 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.0 -0.7 0.6 -0.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.9 2.3 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.0 -0.2 1.4 0.9 -1.0 -0.7 1.5
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 2.2 -1.5 -1.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.9 0.5 -1.5 -0.6 0.1 0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.8 1.0 2.0 -1.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 -0.9 1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 1.4
Mood swings 0.7 1.2 3.0 -1.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -1.6 1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -1.0 0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.9 2.5 0.5 -0.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.2 -1.4 -1.0 0.6 0.0 -1.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.5 4.8 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4 1.6 -0.5 -2.2 -0.4 1.6
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 0.9 3.7 -1.2 -1.0 0.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.8
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 1.9 -0.6 0.7 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.6 1.4 -0.6 0.1 0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.2 1.3 4.0 0.2 -1.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.4 -2.0 -0.1 0.5 1.3 -1.6
Friendships satisfaction 2.4 3.0 10.5 -1.6 -2.9 -0.4 -1.8 -1.1 -0.7 -3.2 -1.7 -0.4 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.5 2.5 -0.1 0.4 1.1 -1.6 -0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.7 2.0 5.6 -1.1 1.5 1.7 -0.9 0.1 2.2 1.0 -1.3 -0.1 2.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.7 1.2 3.4 -0.1 1.4 -1.0 0.1 0.0 1.5 1.9 0.1 0.4 1.6
Medication for cholesterol 0.4 0.7 1.6 -0.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 1.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 1.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.2 1.4 6.8 -0.3 2.6 0.3 0.1 -1.0 1.5 0.6 -1.3 -1.1 0.9
Back pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.6 3.9 0.9 0.5 -0.9 -1.3 -1.6 1.6 -0.2 -2.0 -1.0 1.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 2.6 -1.6 -1.6 1.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.5 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.7 0.0 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 6.2 0.2 1.0 -2.5 1.1 -0.5 0.6 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.6 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 0.9 1.1 3.1 -0.5 1.0 -1.8 -1.4 -1.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.2 4.0 8.8 1.8 0.5 -0.6 1.6 2.1 -3.0 0.4 2.3 2.5 -3.0
Smoking status: Current 0.8 1.2 3.3 1.1 -0.6 -1.2 0.3 -1.8 -0.3 -1.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 2.6 -1.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 -1.6 -0.3 0.2
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.4 1.1 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.1 -0.4 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.8 -1.0 -0.0 -0.7 0.6 -0.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.3 1.1 1.9 -0.1 1.2 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 1.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.9 1.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.9 1.6 4.4 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0 0.7 -1.4 1.9 -0.3 -1.3 -1.4 2.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 0.9 -0.6
Miserableness 1.0 1.7 2.7 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.5 -1.3 1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.3 1.1
Guilty feelings 2.4 3.6 7.8 -2.4 -1.0 -1.3 -2.7 -1.7 1.8 -1.5 -1.1 -2.8 1.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 3.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -1.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 2.0 2.3 8.5 1.0 -1.8 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -1.7 -2.9 -0.7 0.2 -1.9
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.8 4.2 -1.4 0.1 -2.0 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.8
Mother’s age at death 2.0 2.5 4.5 -1.7 1.2 -0.9 -2.0 -2.1 1.8 -1.3 -1.6 -0.6 1.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.7 -0.3 0.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.4 1.6 5.9 -1.4 -0.0 -0.8 -1.1 -2.4 1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -0.3 1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.8 2.3 0.7 -0.2 0.5 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.5 0.9 0.9 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 0.9 2.6 -0.8 -1.6 1.0 0.1 0.8 -1.2 0.0 0.2 1.1 -1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.8 1.0 3.0 -0.8 0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 1.7 1.5 -0.4 -0.6 1.7
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.7 0.9 4.5 1.6 2.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.9 1.7 6.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.3 0.1 -1.1 2.1 1.1 -1.3 -0.2 2.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.5 0.8 2.7 -1.2 -1.3 1.6 0.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.3 3.5 -1.1 0.4 -1.9 -0.8 -0.2 1.7 1.2 0.3 -1.1 1.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.0 1.3 4.0 0.0 1.9 1.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.2 2.0 0.7 -0.7 0.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.2 -1.2 1.8 -0.9 -0.1 1.2 0.1 -1.1 -0.6 1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.7 0.8 3.0 -0.4 0.3 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.5 1.7 1.0 -0.3 0.9
Ever smoked 1.3 2.3 6.0 1.8 -0.2 -0.1 1.6 -0.3 -2.3 -1.9 1.3 0.8 -2.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.1 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 5.2 1.0 0.6 0.7 -1.1 -1.1 2.3 0.6 -1.3 -1.5 2.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.2 -0.1 1.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -1.3 0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.5 0.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.0 1.5 6.0 2.5 1.5 0.7 0.4 0.5 -1.1 0.7 1.4 0.6 -1.4
Irritability 0.4 0.7 2.3 -1.1 -0.5 1.0 -0.0 0.9 -1.1 -0.0 0.5 -0.7 -1.5
Risk taking 0.7 1.0 3.9 1.3 1.0 2.0 -0.5 0.8 -0.4 1.4 0.4 0.7 -0.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.3 1.5 3.1 1.7 -0.2 1.0 0.9 1.5 -1.5 0.1 1.5 0.7 -1.8
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.1 3.3 -0.8 1.3 0.3 0.1 1.2 -0.4 1.6 1.8 0.6 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.8 2.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.5 -0.5 0.8 0.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.4 4.3 12.3 -2.0 -3.5 -1.1 -1.8 -1.5 1.5 -2.7 -2.2 -1.8 1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.1 2.7 5.1 -1.0 1.5 -1.3 -1.7 -1.8 2.2 0.3 -1.8 -2.2 1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.0 1.2 3.1 1.5 0.1 -1.8 -0.2 -0.0 -1.6 -0.1 0.6 1.0 -1.6
Myopia 1.1 1.5 4.6 -0.2 -0.9 -1.8 -1.6 -1.1 0.4 -2.1 -1.7 -0.1 0.2
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.6 2.7 0.9 1.6 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.2 0.4 1.5 1.3 0.6 -0.9 1.4 0.3 0.9 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.7 0.8 2.7 0.3 0.2 -1.3 1.6 0.0 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -1.6 0.7
Pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.8 5.0 0.6 -0.1 0.8 1.4 1.5 -2.2 0.1 1.2 1.3 -2.2
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 1.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.0
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 3.1 -1.8 -1.7 -1.3 -0.0 -1.0 1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 1.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.7 0.0 1.2 0.4 -0.0 0.7 0.3 -1.0 -0.6 0.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.7 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.7 0.9 -0.0 0.2 -0.5
Heart disease (siblings) 0.7 0.8 5.7 0.2 2.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.4 0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.5 0.5 1.9 -0.7 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.1 1.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.4
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.1 2.5 1.6 1.5 -0.4 1.0 0.6 -0.8 0.9 1.2 0.5 -1.2
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.6 2.5 0.0 -0.4 1.3 0.1 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.6 -1.6 0.5
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.2 3.0 0.4 0.7 1.2 -0.6 -0.7 1.7 0.5 -1.4 -1.1 1.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.7 0.1