Hub : Genes

USP8

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0720 0.0330 3.5e-03 0.004 0.021 0.021 0.024 -0.001 9.5e-02 1.2e-03 1.1e-03 5.0e-04 5.6e-01
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1397 0.0478 4.2e-04 0.062 NA 0.101 NA 0.114 1.3e-05 NA 2.7e-08 NA 3.2e-09
3 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.1470 0.0570 2.8e-03 0.049 NA 0.041 NA 0.091 1.5e-03 NA 3.6e-03 NA 2.2e-05
4 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.0482 0.0686 2.8e-01 -0.011 NA -0.009 NA -0.009 7.0e-01 NA 5.6e-01 NA 5.9e-01
5 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1350 0.0490 4.1e-04 0.004 NA 0.075 NA 0.046 1.6e-01 NA 2.5e-05 NA 9.1e-04
6 GTEx Testis 0.1570 0.0660 5.0e-03 0.120 NA 0.090 NA 0.100 5.8e-06 NA 8.1e-05 NA 3.4e-05
7 NTR Blood 0.0141 0.0068 1.0e-02 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.005 0.002 7.4e-02 1.2e-02 8.6e-02 6.9e-03 6.4e-02
8 YFS Blood 0.0190 0.0081 3.8e-05 0.005 0.013 0.010 0.013 0.006 6.2e-03 2.4e-05 2.3e-04 2.8e-05 2.8e-03
9 TCGA Glioblastoma Multiforme 0.3050 0.1000 2.9e-06 0.197 0.209 0.192 NA 0.170 1.3e-06 5.5e-07 1.8e-06 NA 7.2e-06
10 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0461 0.0270 1.1e-03 0.009 0.021 0.008 NA 0.016 3.2e-02 1.8e-03 4.2e-02 NA 5.1e-03
11 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0750 0.0370 1.0e-03 0.045 0.049 0.048 NA 0.055 1.3e-03 8.3e-04 9.8e-04 NA 4.2e-04
12 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0282 0.0163 5.7e-03 0.012 0.004 0.003 NA 0.009 1.4e-02 1.1e-01 1.4e-01 NA 3.2e-02
13 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0228 0.0120 2.6e-03 0.023 0.019 0.023 NA 0.021 9.8e-04 2.2e-03 9.9e-04 NA 1.3e-03
14 TCGA Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma 0.0730 0.0410 9.2e-03 0.026 0.005 0.002 NA 0.007 2.7e-02 2.0e-01 2.5e-01 NA 1.5e-01
15 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1115 0.0405 8.7e-07 0.043 0.078 0.064 NA 0.054 2.4e-05 1.4e-08 3.1e-07 NA 2.5e-06
16 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0980 0.0390 3.2e-07 0.070 0.073 0.052 NA 0.050 2.4e-07 1.2e-07 8.2e-06 NA 1.2e-05
17 TCGA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma 0.1600 0.0770 6.2e-03 0.132 0.071 0.040 NA 0.101 1.7e-04 5.0e-03 2.9e-02 NA 9.2e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 3.5 -1.9 0.2 -1.8 -1.9 0.9 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.3 0.6 4.1 0.0 1.0 -1.2 -1.0 2.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.4 0.4 0.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.2 3.5 -1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.9 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.0 3.0 13.8 -0.0 -1.1 -1.7 -2.5 -0.7 -0.2 0.6 -3.7 2.7 1.3 0.9 1.3 2.5 3.0 -0.3 -0.7 -0.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.2 2.7 -1.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 0.7 1.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 0.2 -1.2 -1.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.4 0.9 3.5 1.6 1.1 -0.1 0.2 1.9 -0.5 0.8 -0.3 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -0.3
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 2.7 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.9 -0.3 1.3 -1.2 -0.8 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.6 1.1 -0.7 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.7 2.0 3.6 1.5 -0.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.5 -0.6 -1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 0.8 1.0 1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.6 1.7 12.2 -0.1 -1.4 -2.4 -1.9 -3.5 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.9 5.6 17.7 1.2 -1.9 -3.2 -3.4 -4.2 -1.3 -1.8 -2.8 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 0.3 0.1 0.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.9 5.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 1.5 0.8 -0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.3 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -2.3 -1.1 -1.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.8 2.0 8.7 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.7 1.6 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -2.0 -1.9 -0.8 -0.4 -2.9 -1.5 -1.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.3 2.4 8.1 0.1 -1.9 -1.2 -0.4 -0.3 2.0 0.3 -1.2 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.0 -0.9 -0.5 -2.9 -1.4 -1.9
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.7 0.3 -0.0 -0.6 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.0 -1.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.1 0.3 0.4
Reaction Time 1.3 2.4 7.8 -1.1 -1.8 -1.1 -1.9 -1.4 1.6 -2.8 0.9 -1.2 -2.2 -1.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -2.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.9 2.1 8.8 0.2 -0.6 -1.9 -1.6 -0.0 -0.5 -0.0 -3.0 2.8 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.6 2.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.7 5.0 -1.0 -0.0 0.2 0.1 -2.2 -0.8 0.2 0.4 1.4 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Ovarian Cancer 1.5 1.9 4.4 -1.1 1.5 2.0 0.6 0.5 -1.8 0.6 2.0 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.5 2.1 1.6 1.6
Prostate Cancer 1.3 1.8 5.5 0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.1 -1.9 -1.2 0.3 -1.1 0.8 1.7 1.4 1.4 2.2 2.3 -0.0 0.5 1.3
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.3 -0.1 1.0 -0.7 -1.1 0.3 -1.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.1 -0.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.3
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.7 0.6 1.4 0.9 1.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.0 1.2 4.3 -0.3 -1.0 0.2 0.2 -1.0 1.0 -1.2 1.3 -2.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.8 -1.1 -1.2
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.7 2.3 -0.7 0.5 0.1 0.7 1.5 0.3 -0.0 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -1.0 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -0.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.9 0.7 0.6 -0.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.4 2.5 0.6 0.3 -0.3 0.2 1.6 -0.4 1.2 -1.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3
HbA1C 1.2 1.4 3.5 -0.7 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.0 1.8 -0.6 0.2 -1.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.9 1.5 6.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.8 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.4 2.5 -0.2 0.5 1.0
LDL Cholesterol 1.5 2.4 5.5 -0.5 -1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.5 2.2 -0.9 0.6 -1.5 -2.3 -2.2 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 -0.8 -1.5 -2.3
Lupus 0.7 1.1 6.6 -2.6 -0.5 -0.2 -1.3 0.3 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 -0.7 -1.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 -1.5 -0.3 -1.1 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.6 0.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 1.0 1.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.3
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.8 1.0 4.0 2.0 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -1.2 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.5 3.5 0.4 0.2 -1.3 -1.1 1.9 0.2 0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.1
Triglycerides 0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 3.5 4.1 8.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 1.8 0.5 -2.9 0.2 0.9 1.5 2.7 2.0 1.7 2.6 2.6 1.1 2.1 2.9
Ulcerative Colitis 0.8 1.1 3.0 0.8 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.3 -0.1 -1.0 -1.7 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5 -1.3 -1.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.8 6.2 14.0 -0.4 -3.7 -3.3 -3.0 -3.4 2.8 -3.0 -3.1 -0.2 -1.9 -2.1 -1.4 -0.6 0.2 -2.9 -2.6 -3.0
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 6.2 37.0 -6.1 -0.9 -3.4 -4.2 -2.5 0.1 -2.8 -1.5 2.8 1.8 0.7 1.7 1.5 1.9 1.5 0.4 -0.5
Blood Red Count 0.2 2.3 11.7 -3.4 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -2.3 -0.2 -1.9 1.8 -3.2 -0.1 -0.8 -1.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.2
Blood White Count 2.8 21.0 65.8 -0.7 -5.8 -7.0 -7.8 -7.7 1.9 -2.2 -8.1 4.1 0.7 0.5 2.0 3.7 4.9 -2.4 -2.7 -2.6
Heel T-Score 1.9 15.0 33.8 -4.5 -4.7 -4.4 -5.5 -0.6 5.2 0.3 -3.5 -4.0 -2.4 -3.8 -3.5 -1.0 0.1 -4.9 -5.8 -4.3
BMI 0.1 0.8 3.8 0.7 1.3 0.3 1.1 1.9 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -1.6 -1.7 -0.6 0.0 0.4
Height 1.2 22.7 45.3 -6.0 -2.2 1.2 -2.8 2.0 6.3 0.9 3.4 -4.7 -6.2 -6.3 -5.9 -6.5 -6.7 0.0 -4.8 -5.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.4 6.1 12.8 -1.6 -2.9 -2.1 -2.6 -3.2 2.6 -0.2 -1.2 -2.4 -3.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.6 -2.4 -1.3 -2.7 -3.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 4.3 21.4 54.0 5.0 0.6 0.7 0.5 -2.4 -4.6 4.3 -2.9 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.2 7.2 7.3 2.2 3.3 4.2
Smoking Status 1.8 4.3 9.4 -2.7 -0.8 -1.7 -0.6 -0.1 3.0 0.1 0.3 -2.7 -2.1 -2.6 -2.5 -3.0 -3.1 -0.1 -2.0 -2.3
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.6 2.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.9 -1.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.0
Cardiovascular Disease 1.4 4.5 13.6 3.7 -0.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.4 -2.0 2.0 -2.2 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.7 0.8 1.7 1.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.5 2.2 -1.5 0.0 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1
Respiratory disease 0.8 1.8 7.2 2.7 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.8 1.0 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.7 1.3 3.5 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.3 1.3 -1.1 1.9 -1.7 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 2.1 10.7 46.9 -0.9 -3.6 -4.7 -4.6 -5.9 1.9 3.1 -6.8 1.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.8 2.5 3.1 -0.8 -2.4 -1.9
Lung FVC 0.6 3.0 7.9 -2.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.8 2.5 -2.0 -2.1 -1.4 -1.4 -2.6 -2.8 -0.0 -1.3 -1.5
Neuroticism 0.3 0.8 2.3 -1.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.7 1.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.6 -0.7 -1.2
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 1.0 3.0 1.1 0.3 1.4 0.9 -1.1 -1.0 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.4 0.9
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.7 4.2 -0.6 -0.6 -1.7 -1.2 -1.0 0.2 -2.0 -0.8 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.4
Tanning 0.2 2.2 6.4 -2.4 -1.2 -0.8 0.0 0.6 1.7 2.5 -0.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3
Hand grip strength (left) 3.1 8.1 14.9 2.4 3.8 3.1 3.8 2.7 -3.2 2.1 2.3 1.7 3.0 3.4 2.6 1.4 0.7 3.0 2.9 3.9
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.1 2.1 5.2 0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.2 -1.7 0.7 -1.9 -1.3 -2.2 -2.3 -1.4 -1.1 -2.1 -1.1 -1.6
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.8 0.9 0.7 -0.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 0.6 0.2 0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.6 1.0 10.6 -1.2 0.7 0.2 -0.6 3.3 0.2 -1.1 0.3 1.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.0 1.6 4.5 -1.3 -1.4 -0.6 -1.1 0.8 2.1 1.7 -1.1 -0.0 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -0.0 0.3 -1.2 -2.0 -2.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 0.1 1.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.8 0.6 -0.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.2 2.8 6.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.2 -1.2 0.8 2.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.5 -2.1 -2.6 -2.4 -1.1 -0.7 -2.3 -2.2 -2.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.9 1.2 4.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.3 -0.2 -1.3 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2 -2.1 -2.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.5 0.6 3.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -1.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 3.5 10.1 20.6 3.5 1.2 1.3 1.0 -1.3 -3.5 2.5 -1.5 3.8 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.5 4.5 1.6 2.6 3.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1 1.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.2 0.1 0.1
Angina 2.8 3.7 8.1 0.9 2.2 1.8 1.0 1.5 -2.4 0.8 -0.4 1.8 2.9 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1 1.7 2.3 2.2
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.6 1.7 0.8 -0.7 -1.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 1.1 -1.3 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.6 0.9 3.5 0.4 -0.6 -1.6 -0.6 -1.4 0.2 1.9 -1.8 0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4
Supplements: Zinc 1.0 1.1 6.4 -0.2 1.2 1.7 1.3 2.5 -0.1 -1.0 2.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.4 0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 3.1 3.6 11.6 1.6 0.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -1.7 -0.7 -0.1 3.4 2.1 2.5 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.5
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.5 3.0 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.9 1.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.7 1.1 0.4
Diabetes (father) 1.0 1.2 6.3 0.1 0.9 1.3 1.6 2.5 -0.6 1.3 1.2 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -1.3 -1.5 0.1 1.2 0.5
Diabetes (mother) 0.7 0.9 3.1 0.3 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.8 -0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.8 1.1 0.9
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.8 2.7 7.3 -1.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.0 -1.6 1.8 -1.2 1.6 -2.1 -2.1 -1.8 -1.7 -2.6 -2.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6
Impedance of leg (right) 1.6 7.9 24.5 -2.1 -5.0 -3.6 -3.4 -3.5 3.5 -1.6 -0.6 -1.7 -2.4 -2.8 -2.0 0.5 1.0 -2.1 -3.6 -3.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.4 12.7 -1.2 1.1 1.7 1.2 2.1 1.2 1.0 1.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.7 -2.1 -3.3 -3.6 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8
Trunk fat percentage 0.8 3.3 7.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 1.0 1.8 -0.6 0.4 -2.7 -2.2 -2.5 -2.6 -2.7 -2.6 -1.9 -1.9 -1.8
Hand grip strength (right) 1.3 3.5 7.9 1.9 2.4 1.9 2.8 2.5 -1.9 0.7 2.1 0.8 1.8 2.0 1.6 0.7 0.1 2.0 1.6 2.4
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 2.1 3.0 6.7 -1.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.2 1.8 0.2 1.0 -2.4 -2.4 -2.4 -2.6 -2.6 -2.3 -0.9 -1.5 -2.0
Current tobacco smoking 1.1 1.8 4.5 -0.8 0.3 0.7 1.2 0.6 1.5 0.7 0.7 -2.1 -1.3 -1.8 -2.0 -2.1 -2.1 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 2.0 2.4 5.6 -1.9 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 0.8 1.8 -1.6 1.0 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -2.4 -2.3 -0.8 -1.6 -1.6
Maternal smoking around birth 1.4 2.1 6.2 0.2 2.1 2.2 2.5 0.8 -1.0 2.4 2.0 -1.3 0.1 0.3 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -0.1 0.8 1.4
Fed-up feelings 0.8 1.4 3.9 -1.0 0.4 -0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.0 -1.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.7 -2.0 -1.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 3.8 0.4 0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.9 0.9 0.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.8 1.2 5.3 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.9 2.3 0.2 -2.1 1.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.3 0.1 -0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.5 1.3 5.6 -1.8 -1.2 -1.7 -2.4 -0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 0.6 1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.0 1.1 4.5 -0.8 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.9 1.2 0.7 -0.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -2.1 -2.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 2.6 6.0 11.7 -2.1 -2.3 -1.7 -2.1 0.7 3.3 1.1 -1.7 -2.6 -2.2 -3.3 -3.2 -1.8 -1.1 -3.4 -3.3 -3.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.3 1.3 4.1 0.4 2.0 1.4 1.7 1.6 -1.4 -0.1 1.6 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.0 1.4 1.4 1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.8 1.0 8.7 1.2 -0.4 -2.0 -0.1 -2.9 0.3 0.5 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.4 2.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.0 -1.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.0
High blood pressure 1.5 4.3 17.9 4.2 0.5 0.0 1.0 0.1 -2.1 0.7 -1.7 3.2 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.6 0.2 2.0 1.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.3 0.6 2.0 1.0 -1.3 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 0.7 -0.0 -1.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.5 3.2 7.9 0.8 1.4 2.0 0.7 0.8 -1.9 -0.5 0.7 1.8 2.4 1.8 1.8 2.8 2.6 1.7 2.3 1.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.8 1.0 3.1 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 -0.3 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.7 -0.8 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -0.3 -1.3 -1.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.6 4.8 8.8 -2.1 -1.4 -0.5 -1.2 1.7 3.0 -1.6 0.8 -2.4 -2.5 -2.7 -2.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.1 -2.6 -2.5
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 1.3 1.3 -1.3 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1
Medication: Atenolol 1.9 2.4 7.0 2.6 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 0.6 -2.1 2.4 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.4 2.4 0.2 0.8 0.9
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.4
Sitting height 0.2 1.2 7.2 -0.1 0.8 1.5 0.3 2.1 1.0 2.7 0.7 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.2 -1.3 0.2 -1.1 -0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.8 2.1 7.9 -0.2 -1.8 -0.4 -0.7 -1.3 1.7 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 -1.7 -1.2 -0.9 -2.8 -1.6 -1.7
High blood pressure (mother) 1.2 1.7 6.2 2.5 -0.7 -0.2 1.1 1.1 1.5 0.2 -0.5 0.7 -2.2 -1.3 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.8 -1.3 -1.6
Body mass index (BMI) 0.4 1.5 4.7 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.9 1.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -2.1 -2.2 -1.2 -0.1 0.2
Impedance of leg (left) 1.0 5.0 14.7 -1.8 -3.8 -2.8 -2.5 -2.8 2.7 -1.1 -0.3 -1.8 -1.9 -2.4 -1.8 0.4 0.8 -1.8 -2.9 -2.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.4 12.7 -1.1 1.1 1.6 1.2 2.2 1.2 0.9 1.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.7 -2.2 -3.4 -3.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8
Trunk fat mass 0.9 4.1 10.8 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 0.3 1.5 1.9 -0.2 0.7 -2.8 -2.5 -2.6 -2.9 -3.3 -3.3 -1.7 -2.0 -1.9
Waist circumference 0.7 2.7 8.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 -2.1 -2.3 -2.1 -2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -1.2 -1.6 -1.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.9 2.6 -1.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 1.2 0.8 0.3 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.6 7.9 2.8 0.6 2.1 1.5 -0.5 -1.6 -0.6 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.1 1.5 1.6 -1.2 0.5 1.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.0 1.5 4.0 0.1 -0.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.7 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.0 1.8 1.8 0.0 -0.4 0.4
Nervous feelings 0.6 1.1 4.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.4 1.0 -1.2 1.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -2.0 -2.1 0.9 -0.5 -1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.9 1.4 0.6 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.0 1.6 11.2 -1.4 0.0 0.7 0.3 3.4 1.6 1.9 0.0 0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -1.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.5 2.3 0.1 -0.7 -1.5 -0.8 -0.9 0.1 -1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.4 -0.2
Had menopause 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.8 -1.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 5.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.0 1.0 -0.2 2.3 -0.9 1.0 0.1 0.8 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.6 2.3 6.0 -2.2 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2 1.9 0.1 1.9 -1.2 -2.4 -1.5 -1.3 -2.0 -2.1 0.4 -1.1 -1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 2.6 6.1 13.4 -2.0 -2.4 -1.6 -2.4 0.3 3.4 0.3 -1.9 -2.0 -2.3 -3.3 -3.1 -1.8 -1.0 -3.7 -3.3 -3.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.3 1.6 5.5 0.1 0.9 1.9 2.3 1.8 0.3 -0.0 1.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.3 -1.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.4
Qualifications: None of the above 1.1 2.4 5.0 -0.6 0.0 0.4 1.7 1.6 0.7 -2.1 1.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 -2.1 -2.2 -2.0 -2.2 -0.3 -1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 7.0 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 2.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.0 1.5 4.6 0.4 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -1.5 0.1 -0.4 0.3 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.9 0.6 0.5 1.8
Heart attack 0.4 0.5 1.7 -1.2 -0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.3 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.1
Allergy 0.3 0.7 3.3 -1.8 0.1 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 1.2 1.3 3.1 0.0 -0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 1.4 0.7 0.9 -1.5 -1.3 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.8 1.3 2.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.7 -1.3 0.6 -1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.0
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.9 1.1 4.3 1.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.4 1.0 -1.6 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.9 2.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 1.3 2.0 6.8 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.4 -0.2 -2.0 0.9 -0.5 0.4 2.6 1.7 1.5 2.1 1.9 0.7 1.6 1.8
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.3 4.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -2.1 2.2 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.6 2.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.2
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 0.9 2.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 1.1 0.4 0.3 -1.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4 -1.4 -1.6 -0.5
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.2 1.1 0.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 1.3 -0.1 -0.6
Weight 0.9 4.4 14.1 -1.2 0.4 1.0 0.8 1.9 1.9 0.2 1.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.8 -3.7 -3.8 -1.2 -1.7 -1.5
Impedance of arm (right) 0.8 3.9 11.3 -2.0 -3.2 -2.8 -3.4 -3.2 2.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 0.3 0.5 -0.1 -1.9 -2.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.2 4.3 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.3 0.1 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 2.8 8.6 -1.4 0.9 2.0 0.8 1.4 1.4 1.2 2.2 -1.5 -1.9 -1.6 -1.9 -2.7 -2.9 0.3 -1.1 -0.9
Hip circumference 0.4 1.9 6.5 0.1 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.5 0.7 0.3 1.2 -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 -1.5 -2.0 -2.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Time employed in main current job 1.1 1.2 4.8 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -1.2 -0.3 0.6 2.2 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.5 2.2 4.5 2.0 2.0 0.6 1.8 0.1 -1.9 0.8 -0.4 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 2.1 1.9
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 2.9 0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.9 1.1 -0.3 -1.5 -0.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.7 2.5 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.7 -1.1 1.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 1.6 -0.0 -0.8
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.9 3.1 6.9 -0.4 -1.6 -1.0 -0.4 0.2 2.3 -0.1 -0.8 -1.6 -2.5 -2.6 -2.3 -2.0 -1.6 -2.0 -2.2 -2.5
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.1 -1.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.1
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.6 0.4 0.6 0.0 1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 0.3 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.9 2.9 6.9 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 -2.1 -1.4 2.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -2.6 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.9 -2.2
Pulse rate 1.7 2.8 6.2 -0.5 -2.5 -2.3 -1.6 -1.5 2.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -1.6 -1.8 -1.3 -0.8 -0.5 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2
Happiness 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.0
Noisy workplace 1.8 2.3 5.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -1.4 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -1.2 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.8 -2.2 -2.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.2 2.6 7.5 0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.8 -2.5 2.4 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.6 2.7 0.8 0.3 0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.0 3.2 1.1 0.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.8 1.8 -1.1 1.0 0.2 0.9 1.2 0.1 -0.1 1.5 1.7 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.0 1.6 4.6 0.2 0.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.0 -0.2 2.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -1.7 -2.1 1.4 1.1 0.1
Asthma 0.8 1.6 6.6 2.6 0.5 0.8 1.5 1.0 -1.1 -1.3 0.6 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.6 1.3 0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.8 2.2 6.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2 0.5 -0.7 1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -2.0 -2.1 -2.2 -1.7 -1.4 -2.5 -1.6 -1.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.5 2.3 6.7 1.8 1.9 2.6 2.5 1.3 -1.6 2.3 0.5 -0.5 1.5 0.4 -0.0 1.4 1.2 -0.5 1.1 1.4
Depression (self-reported) 2.0 2.5 6.5 1.4 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.8 -1.9 1.3 -0.1 1.7 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.5 0.4 2.0 2.0
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.2 1.3 6.2 2.5 1.1 1.1 1.6 0.5 -1.9 -0.4 1.1 -0.3 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.6
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.3 1.9 -0.6 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1 -1.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.8 0.3 -0.9 0.8 -1.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 0.0 -0.6 -0.7
Illnesses of mother 1.0 1.2 3.7 -1.5 1.3 0.5 0.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.7 0.0 -0.6 1.8 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.2 1.9 1.2 1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.3 4.0 8.9 -2.7 -2.8 -2.5 -2.8 -1.4 2.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -3.0 -1.7 -1.0 -1.5 -1.4 0.1 -2.2 -2.7
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.7 2.0 5.5 0.6 -1.9 -0.2 -1.2 -1.6 1.7 -0.5 -1.2 -0.3 -1.7 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.1 -2.2 -2.3 -2.1
Impedance of arm (left) 0.6 2.9 8.8 -1.3 -3.0 -2.7 -2.8 -2.3 1.8 -1.5 -0.8 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.5 -2.1
Arm fat mass (right) 0.4 1.8 6.6 -0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.7 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -1.8 -2.5 -2.6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 2.8 8.8 -1.5 0.8 1.9 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.2 2.2 -1.5 -2.0 -1.6 -1.9 -2.8 -3.0 0.3 -1.1 -0.9
Standing height 1.0 10.4 21.8 -4.7 -2.2 0.3 -2.2 0.1 4.5 0.4 2.6 -3.7 -4.0 -4.1 -3.9 -3.7 -3.8 0.0 -3.7 -3.8
Length of working week for main job 0.6 0.7 4.5 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -2.1 0.6 0.6 -0.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.8 0.8 0.2
Breastfed as a baby 2.7 3.4 16.2 -2.0 -1.8 -4.0 -3.4 -0.3 2.1 0.7 -3.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -1.9 -1.6
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.1 6.1 -1.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 2.5 -1.9 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 0.9 -0.1 0.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.1 3.2 7.2 1.5 0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -1.9 0.6 -1.2 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.2 1.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 0.9 3.0 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 1.3 -1.1 -0.0 -0.6 1.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.6
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 5.6 -1.2 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 -0.0 -2.1 -2.4 1.2 0.9 0.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.6 1.4 3.8 -1.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.2 -0.3 1.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -1.9 -1.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.6 0.7 2.4 0.7 -1.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.7 1.2 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.4 2.4 0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.1 -0.5 1.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.6 0.6 1.9 -0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.1 0.5 -1.2 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3 -1.2 -1.4 -0.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.6 1.7 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 1.0 -1.1 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.5 1.2 1.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.3 1.7 4.4 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -1.5 0.9 1.8 0.2 -1.6 0.4 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5 -2.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.6 2.1 4.7 1.3 0.3 -0.1 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 0.5 -1.7 1.2 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 0.9 0.9 1.5
Medication: Paracetamol 2.1 3.5 8.0 -2.7 -0.8 -1.6 -0.5 1.0 1.9 -0.4 0.0 -2.3 -1.8 -2.3 -2.3 -2.8 -2.8 -1.0 -2.0 -2.0
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.8 1.6 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.5 1.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.9 9.2 -3.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.9 -1.4 1.2 -1.4 0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.6 -1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -1.6 0.5 1.2 -0.7 0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.5
Gout (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 5.3 1.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6 -1.9 -0.3 0.1 -2.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.9 1.2 0.7 0.1 0.5 -1.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 1.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.9
Medication: Amlodipine 1.1 1.6 4.2 1.2 -1.5 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -0.1 -1.3 -1.2 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.8 1.0 2.6 1.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.8 -1.5 -0.8 0.0 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.2 1.4 0.9
Birth weight 1.1 2.4 6.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5 1.2 1.6 -1.5 -0.0 -1.5 -1.7 -1.8 -2.0 -2.6 -2.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.6 1.8 6.5 -0.2 1.1 2.0 1.5 0.7 0.5 -1.1 2.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6 -1.8 -1.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.7 3.3 1.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.3 1.8 0.2 0.7 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.4 1.2 -0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.7 2.4 6.8 -2.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 0.2 2.1 0.3 1.3 -0.7 -2.6 -1.5 -1.1 -1.9 -2.1 1.0 -1.1 -2.0
Body fat percentage 0.8 3.0 6.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.9 1.5 -0.5 0.3 -2.6 -2.2 -2.4 -2.6 -2.6 -2.5 -2.0 -1.7 -1.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.0 3.5 9.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.8 0.2 0.4 1.8 -1.0 -0.1 -2.4 -2.5 -2.7 -2.8 -2.0 -1.7 -3.1 -2.3 -2.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.5 10.1 -1.0 1.3 2.2 1.8 2.1 1.0 1.3 2.6 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 -2.2 -2.9 -3.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.3 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 1.0 -1.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -1.5 -1.7 0.3 0.1 0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.2 4.0 -0.1 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.2 -1.3 -2.0 2.0 -0.5 0.3 0.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.4 1.1 1.0 1.1
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.6 3.6 -0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.2 1.9 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 1.2 0.6 0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.4 1.8 4.4 2.1 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.7 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.0 1.8 8.4 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.5 1.1 -0.9 -2.4 2.9 -0.9 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.0 0.4 0.7
Number of children fathered 0.6 0.7 3.0 0.5 -1.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 1.1 1.7 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.1 1.2 -0.4 0.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.4
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 2.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.8 -1.3 -0.9 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.5 1.8 4.9 -0.9 1.8 0.2 1.2 1.6 -1.5 0.4 1.4 0.2 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.3 -0.2 2.2 2.2 1.9
Health satisfaction 3.1 4.0 9.7 -0.3 -2.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 2.4 0.1 -0.5 -2.1 -2.4 -2.7 -2.6 -2.1 -1.7 -2.8 -3.1 -2.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.6 1.9 4.4 -0.3 -1.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.4 1.2 -1.1 -0.6 -2.1 -1.5 -2.0 -2.0 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 1.8 3.7 0.5 0.8 -0.0 -0.5 1.6 -1.4 0.3 -1.4 1.9 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.6 0.6 3.6 0.3 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -1.9 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.4 0.9 -0.0 1.0 0.2 0.3 -1.1 0.7 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.8 0.9 2.1 1.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.8 1.3 2.8 1.3 0.3 0.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Blood pressure 1.7 3.0 12.1 3.5 1.1 1.3 2.1 1.7 -1.8 1.3 -0.7 2.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 0.1 1.4 1.3
Angina (self-reported) 2.6 3.4 7.9 0.7 2.0 1.6 0.7 1.5 -2.3 0.5 -0.4 1.8 2.8 2.1 2.0 2.5 2.3 1.5 2.1 2.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 3.2 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.4 0.7 0.4 1.7 -1.8 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 2.9 3.4 7.3 -0.4 -1.5 -1.7 0.5 -0.7 1.7 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5 -2.7 -2.5 -2.6 -2.6 -2.3 -2.5 -1.8 -2.2
Medication: Allopurinol 1.6 2.1 7.5 2.7 0.9 0.6 0.4 -1.6 -1.6 0.4 -1.4 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 0.5 1.2 1.6
Medication: Omeprazole 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.6 1.1 1.2 0.7 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.6 1.4 0.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 2.4 2.8 7.4 0.7 2.3 0.7 1.3 0.3 -2.5 -0.4 0.8 0.2 2.1 2.1 1.6 0.3 -0.2 2.7 2.7 2.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.5 8.2 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1 -2.3 -1.2 0.9 -2.9 0.7 -0.4 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 -1.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 3.1 1.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 1.8 0.2 0.2 -0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.0 -0.3 0.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 2.7 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.6 0.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 0.7 0.2
Whole body fat mass 0.9 3.9 10.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.9 -0.1 0.6 -2.7 -2.6 -2.6 -2.9 -3.2 -3.2 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8
Leg fat mass (right) 1.1 4.4 9.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.5 1.3 2.1 -0.3 0.4 -2.7 -2.8 -2.9 -3.1 -3.1 -3.0 -2.4 -2.4 -2.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.7 3.5 10.3 -1.3 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.9 1.3 1.4 2.3 -1.9 -2.1 -1.9 -2.3 -3.0 -3.2 -0.4 -1.2 -0.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.7 2.4 5.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.9 -0.6 -1.1 1.1 -0.3 0.1 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -2.3 -2.1 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.3 0.9 -0.1
Comparative height size at age 10 0.7 3.6 10.4 -2.0 0.0 0.9 -0.0 0.8 1.7 -1.2 3.2 -3.0 -2.0 -2.1 -2.5 -2.5 -2.8 0.4 -1.4 -1.2
Number of full sisters 0.5 0.7 3.5 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.9 0.5 -0.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.3 0.5 4.5 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.2 2.1 0.8 0.2
Overall health rating 3.5 7.6 15.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.1 3.0 -2.3 0.4 -3.1 -3.8 -3.9 -3.9 -3.8 -3.4 -3.6 -2.7 -3.2
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1 1.5 0.2 0.3 -1.1 1.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6
Had major operations 0.7 0.9 3.7 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.2 1.9 -0.5 1.5 -1.5 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.6 0.2 0.6
Age at last live birth 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.2 0.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.1
Family relationship satisfaction 1.0 1.3 3.0 -1.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 1.2 0.4 -1.5 1.0 -1.7 -0.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4
Leg pain on walking 5.9 7.4 14.6 -2.0 -1.8 -2.1 -1.2 0.3 3.0 -1.4 -0.2 -3.6 -3.5 -3.6 -3.6 -3.8 -3.5 -2.2 -3.1 -3.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.5 0.6 3.2 1.0 0.3 -0.0 0.7 -1.5 -0.2 1.8 -0.6 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.5 1.7 4.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 1.4 -1.1 -0.0 -0.8 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -2.1 -1.2 -1.3
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 2.8 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.6 -1.7 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.7
Supplements: Vitamin C 5.4 6.3 12.8 -2.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 2.4 2.4 -3.6 2.8 -3.6 -2.5 -3.1 -3.5 -3.2 -3.1 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 7.0 10.9 22.0 -0.8 -2.7 -1.0 -0.8 0.7 4.0 -2.4 0.6 -4.1 -4.2 -4.7 -4.6 -3.8 -3.3 -4.2 -4.0 -4.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.9 5.2 20.5 4.5 0.5 -0.0 0.8 -0.4 -2.4 0.6 -1.9 3.3 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.8 0.6 2.2 2.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.0 1.1 2.4 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.3 0.9 -1.5 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.4 0.1 1.5 0.9 1.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.6 0.9 4.3 -1.3 0.8 2.1 0.1 1.1 -0.0 0.4 1.8 -1.2 0.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.4 1.8 7.0 2.6 1.3 1.3 1.4 -0.1 -1.3 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.7 0.7 1.6 1.9 1.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 4.6 -2.1 -0.7 -1.7 -1.6 0.0 1.3 0.6 -0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 1.4 0.5 -0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.6 3.2 10.5 -1.2 1.3 2.2 1.3 2.0 1.1 1.3 2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.5 -2.0 -3.0 -3.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.5 12.3 -0.8 1.9 2.3 1.7 2.6 0.6 1.2 2.1 -1.9 -1.5 -1.2 -1.9 -3.2 -3.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.2
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.4 4.9 0.5 0.3 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 -1.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5 -2.2 -2.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6
Average weekly red wine intake 1.1 1.6 3.2 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.5 -1.7 1.7 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3
Mood swings 1.1 2.1 4.2 -1.6 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.8 1.8 0.1 0.5 -1.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.1 -1.9 -1.6 -1.2 -1.6 -1.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.5 2.2 6.4 0.8 -1.3 0.4 0.2 1.4 2.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -2.4 -2.2 -1.8 -1.3 -1.0 -1.7 -1.4 -2.5
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.5 1.7 3.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.5 -0.9 1.0 1.4 -1.9 -0.0 -1.4 -1.5 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -0.8 -0.8 -1.6
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.7 4.4 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.3 2.1 -0.9 0.3 -1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.6 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.4 0.6 3.9 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 -2.0 -1.0 0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.5 5.0 -2.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.0 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.0 0.6 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 0.2 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.4 -1.3 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.2
Medication for cholesterol 1.1 1.6 7.5 0.8 1.9 2.7 1.9 0.7 -0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 0.6 0.9
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.1 1.2 4.2 0.3 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.7 -1.0 1.4 -0.9 1.4 0.9 1.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.5 2.1 1.5 1.0
Back pain experienced in last month 1.0 1.5 5.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.9 0.3 0.9 -1.3 0.8 -0.9 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -2.2 -2.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.3 1.8 5.2 1.6 0.0 -1.5 0.1 -2.3 -1.0 2.3 -2.1 1.4 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.3 1.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.4 1.1 0.4 0.1 1.4 -0.9 -1.0 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.8 -1.2 0.1 0.6 0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 1.1 2.2 8.5 2.9 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.9 -1.3 -1.0 0.7 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.1
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 3.4 -0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.2 1.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 1.0 0.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 3.1 4.0 8.8 -1.3 -2.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.4 2.3 -2.4 -0.1 -1.7 -3.0 -2.9 -2.6 -1.9 -1.7 -1.6 -2.1 -2.9
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.3 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 -0.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.0
Medication: Gliclazide 3.2 3.6 7.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 1.6 1.6 -2.6 1.1 0.4 1.2 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.0 0.7 1.6 2.7 2.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.4 0.5 3.5 0.2 -0.9 -1.9 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 0.2 -1.0 0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3
Smoking status: Current 1.0 1.5 3.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.0 1.7 0.6 0.4 -1.9 -1.3 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -0.1 -1.1 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.5 1.2 5.1 -1.0 -1.5 -1.2 -2.3 -0.8 1.2 -0.3 -1.3 0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2
Whole body water mass 0.6 3.2 10.4 -1.3 1.2 2.1 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.3 2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 -3.0 -3.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.4 12.1 -0.8 1.9 2.3 1.7 2.5 0.6 1.2 2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.2 -1.8 -3.2 -3.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.2
Arm fat mass (left) 0.6 2.3 8.6 -0.2 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.0 -0.1 0.7 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 -2.0 -2.9 -2.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.7 5.7 2.4 -0.6 0.2 0.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.5
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.0 1.4 3.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 -0.0 -1.3 -1.9 0.3 -0.0 0.2 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.7 1.1 1.8
Miserableness 0.2 0.4 1.5 0.4 1.0 -0.0 0.8 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2
Guilty feelings 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.1 -0.3 0.1 0.6 0.9 0.9 -1.3 0.3 0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.0 -0.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 2.7 0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 1.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.3 -0.4 0.7 -0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.2 1.3 5.7 -0.6 1.8 0.8 2.4 0.7 -1.2 1.2 2.0 -0.7 0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.6 0.9 1.4
Hearing aid user 1.8 2.0 3.7 -1.4 -0.7 0.3 -0.6 0.4 1.7 1.1 -0.6 -1.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7 -1.9 -1.7
Mother’s age at death 0.7 0.9 2.3 -1.4 0.5 0.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 1.4 -0.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.7 0.8
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.8 1.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.6 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.2 1.4 4.8 -2.2 -1.7 -1.0 -2.1 0.2 1.7 0.8 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 0.6 0.9 -0.7 -1.6 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.1 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.3 2.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 1.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 2.0 5.8 0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 -2.3 2.4 1.2 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.3 0.6 0.5 0.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 3.1 3.8 7.5 -2.0 -0.9 -1.7 -1.4 1.9 1.9 -1.0 -0.8 -2.2 -2.1 -2.5 -2.5 -2.7 -2.6 -1.7 -2.3 -1.9
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.8 1.0 5.1 -0.9 0.1 1.4 0.4 1.3 0.3 -1.8 2.2 -0.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.0 1.7 0.5 1.0 0.9 -0.6 -1.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 1.5 0.8 0.6 1.7 1.6 -0.2 0.7 1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.4 3.7 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.3 -1.1 0.3 -0.7 1.8 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0
Medication: Paracetamol 1.8 2.8 8.2 -1.6 -0.8 -1.7 -0.2 0.7 1.8 -0.4 -0.4 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.8 -2.9 -2.7 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0
Medication: Lisinopril 1.0 1.3 4.0 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.3 1.8 1.1 1.7 2.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.4 0.5 2.1 1.2 0.3 1.5 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.0 0.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.6 0.7 4.3 0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.2 1.0 -0.8 2.1 -1.6 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.7 0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.1 1.3 3.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.9 -1.5 1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1
Ever smoked 0.8 1.4 7.4 -2.7 -0.3 -1.8 -0.9 0.7 1.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -1.5 1.5 -0.5 -1.1
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.6 12.1 -1.3 1.0 1.9 1.1 1.9 1.4 1.0 2.1 -2.1 -2.1 -1.9 -2.3 -3.3 -3.5 -0.2 -1.2 -1.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.8 2.8 7.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 -0.7 0.4 -2.4 -2.1 -2.3 -2.6 -2.2 -2.0 -2.7 -1.6 -1.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.6 10.2 -1.4 0.7 1.7 0.9 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.9 -2.0 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5 -3.1 -3.2 -0.7 -1.6 -1.2
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.8 1.2 6.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 1.0 0.8 2.5 -2.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -1.6 -0.9 -1.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.6 -0.4 1.3 1.3 -0.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.6
Irritability 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6
Risk taking 1.3 1.9 4.6 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.2 -1.1 1.5 -0.0 1.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.5 0.9 1.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.5 0.6 4.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.5 2.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 3.0 3.9 13.3 3.6 1.2 -0.3 1.3 -1.0 -2.3 1.7 -1.2 1.9 2.1 2.7 2.6 1.8 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.2 1.5 4.2 0.3 2.1 1.8 0.7 0.5 -1.7 -0.3 1.3 -0.2 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.0 -0.3 0.9 1.7 1.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.4 4.5 1.1 -1.6 -1.9 -0.7 -2.1 0.1 1.1 -2.0 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.3 -1.0 -0.7 -0.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.9 1.1 2.7 -1.3 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.5 1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.0 1.3 6.8 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.6 1.1 -0.9 1.3 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 1.4 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 1.2 0.3 -0.5
Myopia 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.0 0.5 -0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.9 5.2 16.3 -4.0 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1 0.1 2.4 -0.6 1.3 -3.5 -2.6 -2.6 -2.8 -3.0 -3.1 -1.2 -2.3 -1.9
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.6 -1.3 0.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.7 2.0 5.9 1.2 1.7 2.4 1.6 1.3 -1.4 -0.2 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 2.0 1.5
Pain experienced in last month 5.0 8.4 16.0 0.2 2.3 1.8 0.8 -0.7 -3.6 0.6 0.2 2.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.4 0.5 2.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.8 0.0 -1.5 0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.9 1.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.3 1.5 3.9 -2.0 0.9 1.5 -0.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.5 -1.9 -1.3 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3 -1.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.7 -0.1 -0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 2.1 2.7 6.0 1.5 0.9 0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -2.1 0.6 -1.4 1.2 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.2 1.3 2.1
Heart disease (siblings) 0.9 1.1 2.6 0.0 0.6 0.8 0.5 -1.3 -1.4 1.1 -0.6 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.5 0.2 0.1 1.4 1.6 0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.7 0.7 2.7 -1.6 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 0.4 -1.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -1.1 -1.2 0.1 0.2 -0.5
Pack years of smoking 1.2 1.8 5.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -1.9 1.5 -0.8 1.2 -1.6 -1.7 -1.2 -1.1 -2.3 -2.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.3
Impedance of whole body 0.8 4.3 13.1 -1.6 -3.6 -2.8 -2.7 -2.8 2.4 -1.3 -0.4 -1.9 -1.6 -2.1 -1.6 0.1 0.4 -1.1 -2.3 -2.6
Leg fat mass (left) 1.0 3.8 9.7 -0.8 0.2 0.6 1.1 1.7 1.5 -0.2 0.8 -2.7 -2.4 -2.5 -2.9 -3.1 -3.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.8 3.9 10.7 -1.5 0.9 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.0 2.2 -2.1 -2.4 -2.2 -2.6 -3.1 -3.3 -0.6 -1.6 -1.2