Hub : Genes

VIPR2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.656 0.0430 0.0e+00 0.313 0.329 0.363 0.365 0.368 7.3e-39 4.4e-41 3.3e-46 1.4e-46 5.6e-47
2 GTEx Adipose Visceral Omentum 0.275 0.0860 6.1e-04 0.097 NA 0.002 NA 0.079 9.6e-06 NA 2.6e-01 NA 6.8e-05
3 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.119 0.0460 1.4e-03 0.013 NA 0.057 NA 0.027 6.1e-02 NA 4.5e-04 NA 1.2e-02
4 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.115 0.0524 1.6e-03 0.068 NA 0.043 NA 0.039 5.4e-06 NA 2.4e-04 NA 4.6e-04
5 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.269 0.1050 4.4e-03 -0.007 NA 0.038 NA 0.002 5.7e-01 NA 2.9e-02 NA 2.9e-01
6 GTEx Brain Cortex 0.349 0.0970 5.4e-04 0.217 NA 0.127 NA 0.179 1.2e-06 NA 2.4e-04 NA 1.1e-05
7 GTEx Brain Frontal Cortex BA9 0.248 0.1055 5.7e-03 0.016 NA 0.054 NA 0.074 1.2e-01 NA 1.5e-02 NA 5.3e-03
8 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.108 0.0470 7.0e-03 0.004 NA 0.002 NA -0.002 1.8e-01 NA 2.3e-01 NA 4.5e-01
9 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.263 0.1076 2.1e-02 -0.001 NA -0.012 NA -0.013 3.5e-01 NA 7.5e-01 NA 9.4e-01
10 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.122 0.0646 3.7e-02 0.009 NA -0.003 NA 0.002 1.7e-01 NA 4.0e-01 NA 2.8e-01
11 GTEx Pancreas 0.407 0.0740 7.7e-11 0.381 NA 0.398 NA 0.405 4.1e-17 NA 5.0e-18 NA 2.1e-18
12 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.501 0.0658 0.0e+00 0.085 0.183 0.222 0.231 0.219 4.5e-11 6.0e-23 4.2e-28 2.9e-29 1.2e-27

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 3.0 4.8 13.5 -3.7 0.3 -0.6 0.5 -1.2 -3.6 -3.0 0.0 -1.1 0.0 -2.3 -3.6
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.2 4.6 -1.9 0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -2.1 -1.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -1.1 -1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 2.0 4.1 10.1 -3.1 -0.5 -2.6 -1.1 -1.4 -2.8 -3.2 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -2.1 -2.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -1.2 -0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 3.2 7.4 20.8 -4.5 -0.1 -2.0 0.9 0.0 -4.6 -4.4 0.0 -1.5 0.4 -1.9 -4.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.8
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.5 3.3 9.1 2.6 0.5 1.4 -1.2 0.5 2.6 3.0 0.0 1.2 -0.2 2.4 2.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 3.8 7.9 23.4 -4.4 -0.7 -0.5 2.3 1.6 -4.8 -4.6 0.0 -2.0 0.6 -1.4 -4.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.2 1.4 4.3 1.4 -2.1 0.4 0.1 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 1.7 1.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 2.6 0.3 1.6 -0.7 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.0 -1.4 0.9 0.2 0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 3.0 1.3 -0.9 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.0 -1.5 0.2 1.4 1.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.7 2.2 -0.5 0.6 0.8 0.1 1.5 -1.0 -0.8 0.0 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.4 0.9 3.2 -1.0 1.1 0.4 0.2 1.8 -1.5 -1.3 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 1.0 3.3 -0.8 1.8 0.5 0.5 1.5 -1.5 -1.0 0.0 1.2 -0.2 0.5 0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 1.0 1.2 2.9 -1.7 -0.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.3 -1.7 -1.3 0.0 0.6 0.8 -0.8 -1.2
Reaction Time 1.0 1.8 7.8 -2.0 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.5 -2.8 -1.1 0.0 1.7 -0.0 0.4 -1.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 -1.2 0.7 0.5
Breast Cancer 0.1 0.4 2.3 -0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.4 1.5 -0.2 -0.1
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.7 0.1
Prostate Cancer 1.2 1.7 5.8 -0.1 0.7 2.4 1.3 2.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.0 -1.2 1.1 1.8 0.4
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.7 2.0 -1.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -1.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 5.3 5.1 9.5 -3.1 2.6 -1.4 0.3 -0.9 -2.8 -3.0 0.0 -1.8 2.7 -3.1 -2.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.3 0.4 0.9 -1.0 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.2
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.7 2.4 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.0 1.6 1.2 0.6 1.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.8 -0.5 0.3
Fasting Glucose 1.9 2.3 16.1 -0.7 0.1 1.5 -2.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 4.0 1.1 0.0 -1.0
HbA1C 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.7 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1
HDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.4 -1.4 -0.2 1.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -0.0 -0.5
LDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 1.9 -1.1 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -1.2 0.0 0.4 1.0 -0.8 -1.4
Lupus 0.6 0.9 3.8 -0.4 0.7 0.6 1.8 1.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.1 1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 1.1 1.6 4.9 -1.6 0.1 -2.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.6 -1.2 0.0 0.3 2.2 -0.5 -1.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.1 0.9 -0.8 1.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.7 1.0 2.9 -1.0 1.3 -0.7 1.7 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.0 1.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.1 0.3 1.6 -0.2 1.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.6
Triglycerides 0.7 1.1 7.0 -0.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 2.6 -0.3 0.2 0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.4 0.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -1.0 -0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.2 3.8 1.5 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2 0.1 1.9 1.2 0.0 -1.4 0.6 -0.1 1.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 6.1 46.1 0.5 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 0.2 0.0 -4.2 6.8 -0.1 -0.6
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.2 3.6 1.3 -1.3 1.9 0.5 -0.0 1.8 1.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.9 0.8
Blood White Count 0.3 2.0 9.1 2.1 -2.2 -0.8 -1.2 0.1 3.0 1.6 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.0 1.1
Heel T-Score 0.6 4.4 10.7 2.5 -2.1 0.7 -1.0 -1.2 1.8 3.1 0.0 2.0 -3.3 2.7 2.3
BMI 1.2 7.2 21.2 4.3 -1.3 0.2 -2.4 0.1 4.6 4.2 0.0 0.9 1.2 2.8 3.4
Height 0.2 3.8 11.7 -2.9 1.5 -0.8 3.1 -0.4 -3.4 -2.2 0.0 -1.6 1.7 -0.3 -1.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 1.0 2.7 1.2 -1.3 -0.2 -1.2 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.0 -0.6 0.0 1.1 0.7
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 1.2 7.0 0.1 1.3 -0.8 -0.5 -2.6 -0.0 0.4 0.0 1.9 -0.6 -0.9 0.1
Smoking Status 0.4 1.0 3.9 1.6 -0.6 -0.0 -0.7 -0.6 2.0 1.2 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.1
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 5.7 0.3 0.9 0.0 -2.4 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.0 -1.5 1.4 0.9 -0.2
Cardiovascular Disease 1.9 6.4 13.5 3.7 -1.4 1.5 -1.1 0.2 2.7 3.5 0.0 3.6 -1.2 3.2 3.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.7 1.7 10.4 0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 0.7 1.2 0.0 0.7 -3.2 0.2 -0.5
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.1 0.9 0.1 -0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.8 1.6 3.8 1.7 0.6 -0.1 -1.2 1.8 1.2 1.2 0.0 -0.8 0.6 2.0 1.7
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 1.3 3.6 -0.9 1.1 -1.0 0.8 -1.4 -1.2 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.7 -1.9 -1.7
Lung FVC 0.6 3.3 8.5 -2.9 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -1.8 -2.6 -2.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -2.4 -2.9
Neuroticism 3.2 7.8 23.2 -4.7 -0.5 -0.9 1.1 -0.2 -4.8 -4.3 0.0 -1.8 -0.4 -1.8 -4.5
Chronotype (morning person) 0.9 2.1 6.9 -1.7 0.6 1.2 1.0 2.6 -2.5 -1.8 0.0 -1.3 0.8 0.8 -0.7
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.5 1.3 0.4 -1.1 1.0 1.1 -0.0 0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 0.2
Tanning 0.1 0.8 3.3 -0.5 0.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 -1.3 -0.5 0.0 1.8 -0.6 0.6 0.4
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.5 -0.5 1.1 1.0 -0.0 0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.7 -1.0 0.5 0.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.7 1.2 5.5 0.9 1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 1.0 0.0 2.4 1.6 -0.0 1.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.5 0.6 4.7 0.0 0.1 0.5 -2.2 0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.1 1.3 -0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.9 1.5 4.7 -1.4 1.0 -0.2 2.2 0.6 -1.6 -1.7 0.0 -0.7 1.3 -0.7 -1.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.8 -1.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -1.7 -0.9 0.0 1.0 -0.5 0.5 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.6 0.9 4.0 -0.2 1.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -2.0 1.6 -1.0 -0.3
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.9 3.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -1.7 -1.7 1.3 0.9 0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.8 1.0 2.9 0.9 -0.7 0.1 -1.4 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.7 -0.5 0.9 0.2 -0.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.0 1.0 0.3 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.8 0.9 2.5 1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.8 0.4 1.5 0.7 0.0 1.6 1.4 0.1 1.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.9 4.9 0.7 0.7 -1.3 -0.0 -2.2 1.0 0.8 0.0 0.6 0.1 -1.0 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.2 1.3 4.8 1.4 0.8 2.2 -0.4 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.1 2.0 0.7 1.2
Angina 0.3 0.4 3.0 0.0 -0.1 1.7 -0.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.9 -0.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.8 0.1 1.8 -0.2 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.0 -1.4 1.4 0.5 0.7
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.0 0.0 1.0 -0.9 1.8 -0.1
Supplements: Zinc 2.1 2.3 6.5 2.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -1.7 2.0 2.6 0.0 2.4 0.5 0.9 1.4
Medication: Co-codamol 1.6 1.8 3.5 1.9 0.7 1.1 -0.1 1.3 1.7 1.9 0.0 0.5 1.7 1.6 1.7
Medication: Metformin 0.6 0.8 2.9 0.6 1.7 0.0 -1.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.7 0.8 1.5 1.0
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 0.4 0.5
Diabetes (mother) 3.3 4.2 9.8 2.9 -2.0 0.5 -1.5 -1.4 2.9 3.1 0.0 2.1 -1.3 1.3 2.8
Severe depression (siblings) 0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.9 4.2 0.4 -1.5 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.0 2.0 -1.1 1.4 0.0
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.2 5.9 -1.3 1.0 0.2 2.4 0.0 -1.4 -1.7 0.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.0 -0.9 0.1 1.1 1.6 0.0 -0.0 0.5 1.3 1.1
Trunk fat percentage 1.0 3.9 10.3 3.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.9 1.7 3.2 2.5 0.0 -0.4 1.4 2.3 2.7
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.7 -1.2 0.1 -0.9 -1.5 1.2 0.6 0.0 1.5 0.7 -0.0 0.7
Current tobacco smoking 0.8 1.3 5.2 1.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 0.9 1.2 0.0 2.3 -1.4 0.7 1.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.8 0.9 2.2 -0.9 1.5 1.0 1.3 0.7 -1.2 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.3 0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 3.8 5.5 13.5 3.4 0.1 2.0 -1.1 1.3 2.6 3.1 0.0 2.1 -0.1 3.7 3.6
Fed-up feelings 0.5 0.8 3.1 -0.7 -0.3 -1.8 -1.6 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.8 -1.0
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 2.6 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.1
Relative age voice broke 0.9 1.4 6.4 0.6 1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -2.5 1.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 1.3 -1.5 -0.1
Taking other prescription medications 0.6 0.9 3.2 0.5 0.3 -0.6 -1.8 0.2 -0.0 0.4 0.0 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.2
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.0 2.3 7.7 -2.1 1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.4 -1.6 -1.7 0.0 -1.7 0.0 -1.4 -2.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.7 0.9 4.1 0.4 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 1.4 2.0 -0.6 0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.7 1.5 6.4 0.2 -1.4 1.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.7 0.0 2.5 -2.0 2.0 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.7 0.7 2.4 -0.8 1.0 -0.4 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.9 -1.0 -1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.3 6.4 1.2 -2.5 -1.1 -1.2 0.9 1.3 0.4 0.0 -1.0 -0.7 0.8 0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.9 1.0 2.0 1.4 0.8 -0.9 -0.4 0.6 1.1 1.4 0.0 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.4
High blood pressure 1.6 4.6 11.7 3.0 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.5 2.8 3.3 0.0 2.7 0.5 2.0 3.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.8
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.8 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 -0.9 1.2 1.0 0.0 0.1 1.1 -0.7 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.7 4.3 0.5 0.0 0.5 -2.1 0.0 0.5 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.8 3.7 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.9 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.6
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 8.8 0.5 0.2 -0.9 -3.0 -1.4 0.9 1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2
Medication: Atenolol 1.5 1.9 4.3 1.5 -0.8 0.7 -1.8 -0.9 1.2 1.8 0.0 1.8 -0.5 2.1 1.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.5 3.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.3 -1.0
Sitting height 0.1 0.9 3.0 -1.0 1.2 -0.7 1.3 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.0 1.1 3.2 -0.9 1.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 0.3 1.8 -1.0 -1.0
High blood pressure (mother) 0.4 0.6 3.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.4 0.0 0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 1.6 6.8 18.1 4.3 -1.3 -0.1 -2.3 0.8 4.2 4.1 0.0 0.2 1.0 2.6 3.7
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.9 3.1 -1.2 0.8 -0.1 1.5 0.4 -1.4 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.9 1.4 -0.6 -0.0 -0.9 0.1 1.2 1.7 0.0 0.1 0.5 1.4 1.1
Trunk fat mass 0.9 3.7 10.3 3.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 1.2 3.1 2.7 0.0 -0.1 1.5 2.2 2.6
Waist circumference 1.5 5.5 15.4 3.9 -0.8 -0.3 -1.8 0.9 3.9 3.7 0.0 -0.3 1.2 2.3 3.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 0.8 0.1 1.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.8 0.1 0.3
Past tobacco smoking 0.4 0.7 1.7 -1.2 0.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 0.9 6.7 0.3 0.5 1.7 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.5
Nervous feelings 2.8 5.2 12.3 -3.4 0.9 0.2 2.3 1.3 -3.3 -3.5 0.0 -2.3 2.2 -0.8 -2.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.1 5.7 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 -2.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 1.0 -1.4 0.4 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.1 1.8 4.8 0.8 2.1 0.8 -1.6 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.0 -2.2 2.0 1.2 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.2 1.5 5.2 1.7 0.5 2.3 -0.9 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.0 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.5
Had menopause 0.7 0.8 3.2 -0.2 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.5 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 1.8 -0.7 -0.6
Had other major operations 0.4 0.5 3.6 -0.6 1.9 0.4 -0.9 0.2 -0.8 -0.6 0.0 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.0 3.8 14.2 -3.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -3.6 -2.6 0.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.8 -2.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.5 1.2 10.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 0.6 -0.0 -0.7 0.5 0.0 3.2 -0.8 1.1 0.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.7 2.9 0.1 1.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.0 1.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.7 2.7 -0.8 0.1 0.1 1.6 0.8 -0.8 -1.2 0.0 0.2 1.4 -0.1 -0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.0 1.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.8 1.0 1.3 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.6 0.9 3.4 -0.4 1.4 1.2 0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 1.9 0.6 0.3
Heart attack 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.9 -0.8 1.3 0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.6
Allergy 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.0 -0.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -1.3 -0.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 1.4 0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 1.1 0.4 0.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.9 1.3 -0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.0 -0.2 1.0 0.9 1.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.5 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.6 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.8 0.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.2 1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.2
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.5 2.3 -0.0 0.3 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.6 -1.1 0.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.8 2.1 1.0 -0.1 1.4 0.6 -0.6 0.7 1.2 0.0 1.2 -1.5 0.9 0.1
Illnesses of siblings 0.5 0.8 2.4 -1.3 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.5 -1.3 -1.4 0.0 0.1 0.6 -0.4 -1.5
Neuroticism score 2.6 5.5 19.2 -3.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.2 -4.4 -3.8 0.0 -1.4 -0.5 -0.9 -3.7
Weight 0.6 3.2 8.2 2.9 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.7 2.7 2.8 0.0 -0.1 1.5 2.1 2.5
Impedance of arm (right) 0.5 2.4 6.7 -2.4 -0.4 -0.1 1.4 0.3 -2.4 -2.6 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -1.2 -2.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.4 5.4 15.2 3.9 -1.6 -0.2 -1.5 0.8 3.9 3.7 0.0 0.3 0.9 2.3 3.1
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.7 2.5 1.0 0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 1.6 0.0 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.9
Hip circumference 0.6 2.4 6.8 2.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.1 2.6 2.4 0.0 -1.0 1.3 1.2 2.0
Time employed in main current job 0.5 0.5 2.4 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.6 1.6 0.0 -1.0 0.5 -0.1 -0.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.6 0.9 6.9 -0.5 1.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.2 2.6 -0.2 -0.2
Father’s age at death 0.6 0.8 2.4 -1.4 0.3 1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -1.2 -1.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.4 2.6 8.2 -2.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 -2.6 -2.4 0.0 0.1 1.3 -1.3 -2.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.8 11.1 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -3.3 -1.4 0.1 0.5 0.0 2.2 -0.3 1.2 0.2
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.5 1.7 1.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 1.3 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.4 0.6 2.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.2 1.5 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.9
Number of live births 0.7 1.0 4.7 1.2 0.1 1.5 -0.6 0.0 1.5 0.6 0.0 2.2 0.9 -0.5 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.9 3.2 11.7 -3.4 0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -3.3 -2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -2.8
Pulse rate 0.9 1.5 3.6 1.9 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -0.6 1.9 1.8 0.0 0.9 -0.5 1.0 1.9
Happiness 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.2
Noisy workplace 0.9 1.1 4.0 0.9 -0.3 1.5 0.7 1.5 0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.9 1.2 2.0
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.6 1.3 5.4 0.6 -1.4 1.2 0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.7 0.0 -2.1 -2.3 0.5 0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.6 1.0 6.0 0.6 0.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.9 0.5 0.0 2.5 1.2 -0.8 0.8
Asthma 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.6 1.0 1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0 0.0 0.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.5 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.0 -0.1 0.9
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.2 3.6 1.6 0.1 -0.5 -1.0 0.5 1.1 1.7 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.8 1.9
Depression (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 4.2 -1.6 1.0 -1.5 -0.5 -2.0 -1.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 0.4 -1.6 -1.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.5 1.3 0.6 -0.1 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.9 0.0 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8
Prospective memory result 2.0 2.4 8.9 -1.6 3.0 0.3 1.3 0.2 -1.4 -1.5 0.0 -1.3 2.9 -1.0 -0.8
Lung cancer (father) 1.6 1.9 4.9 2.2 -1.1 1.1 -0.2 1.0 2.1 2.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 1.7 1.7
Illnesses of mother 1.8 2.2 4.6 -1.7 1.6 -0.4 2.1 -0.3 -1.2 -2.0 0.0 -1.2 0.6 -2.1 -2.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.0 3.3 10.8 -3.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -1.4 -3.3 -2.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.4 -3.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.6 1.9 5.6 1.6 1.9 0.1 -0.7 0.8 1.3 1.6 0.0 0.5 2.4 1.8 1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.7 3.1 9.1 -2.9 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.4 -2.8 -3.0 0.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.5 -2.6
Arm fat mass (right) 1.4 5.6 15.9 4.0 -1.3 -0.1 -1.4 1.0 3.8 3.8 0.0 0.1 0.9 2.6 3.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.6 2.3 1.0 0.9 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.5 1.5 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.8
Standing height 0.3 2.8 7.1 -2.3 2.1 -0.2 2.5 -0.1 -2.7 -2.1 0.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.7 -2.0
Length of working week for main job 1.1 1.2 4.7 -0.4 0.7 1.7 1.1 1.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 2.2 1.5 -0.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.1 1.2 3.8 1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -2.0 -1.3 0.9 1.1 0.0 1.2 -1.7 0.6 0.4
Breastfed as a baby 0.7 0.9 5.9 -0.0 1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -2.4 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.5 1.0 -1.1 -0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 2.2 3.7 14.4 -3.4 1.2 -0.4 0.8 0.8 -3.8 -2.9 0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.1 -2.5
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 2.6 -1.3 0.3 -0.8 0.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 0.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.5 5.8 -2.2 0.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -2.4 -1.9 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -1.4
Birth weight of first child 1.5 2.6 6.3 -2.5 0.7 -1.8 -2.0 -1.6 -2.2 -1.6 0.0 -0.6 0.8 -1.4 -2.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.5 3.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -1.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 3.0 -0.2 1.3 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.8 1.7 1.0 -0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.5 0.6 2.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 -0.0 0.7 -1.3 -0.6 0.0 -1.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.5
Loud music exposure frequency 0.4 0.4 2.6 -0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 1.6 -0.3 -0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.9 1.4 11.6 0.1 -1.7 -0.1 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.4 0.0 -1.0 -3.4 0.0 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.7 1.0 3.2 0.5 -1.8 -0.5 -0.8 -1.6 0.7 0.9 0.0 0.2 -1.8 0.0 -0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.0 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.7 1.2 3.9 2.0 -0.7 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.8 0.9 0.0 -0.8 0.7 0.1 1.6
Headache pain in last month 0.4 0.7 3.6 -0.7 1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 0.1 1.9 -0.8 -1.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.4 3.4 -1.5 -0.7 1.3 0.9 0.6 -1.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.7 -0.2 -0.2 -1.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.2 -1.4 -0.3 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 -1.5 0.0 0.9 -0.7 -1.3 -0.4
Gout (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.1
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.6 1.2 7.8 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.8 0.9 0.0 1.1 -2.8 0.1 -0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.6 0.3 -0.6 1.3 0.5 -0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.9
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.1 -0.2 1.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.1
Birth weight 1.4 3.0 9.3 -2.0 1.0 -1.5 -2.6 -2.6 -1.1 -1.3 0.0 0.2 1.0 -1.2 -3.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.0 2.4 7.8 2.7 0.1 -1.3 -1.3 -0.7 2.8 2.4 0.0 1.3 -0.2 0.1 1.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.7 0.9 2.8 1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -0.2 1.3 1.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 1.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.0 3.8 12.4 -3.4 0.8 -0.4 0.2 -1.2 -3.5 -2.8 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.5 -2.9
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.2 14.5 3.8 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 1.3 3.8 3.2 0.0 -0.1 1.3 2.5 3.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.8 6.4 18.5 4.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.9 0.9 4.3 3.7 0.0 0.5 1.2 2.8 3.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 3.5 1.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 1.2 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.3 1.3 1.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.6 3.8 0.2 -0.4 -1.9 -0.9 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 -1.1 1.0 0.4 -0.0
Comparative body size at age 10 1.2 3.3 11.2 2.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.7 -0.2 3.4 3.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.8 2.0
Number of full brothers 1.4 1.8 5.1 1.5 -0.1 -0.2 -1.1 -2.2 1.8 2.3 0.0 0.7 -1.7 0.5 0.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.8 1.4 3.8 -1.5 -0.4 0.3 0.7 0.4 -1.8 -2.0 0.0 -0.8 -1.7 -0.1 -1.7
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 0.9 4.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 1.4 -2.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.9 0.7 -1.4 -0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.9 7.4 0.6 -0.4 0.3 -2.7 0.9 0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.9 0.2 1.0 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.4 2.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 1.0 -0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 -1.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.7 0.8 4.1 -0.8 0.1 0.3 2.0 1.4 -1.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.1
Age at first live birth 0.7 1.3 6.6 -0.9 2.6 1.2 -1.3 0.7 -1.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.7 2.0 4.6 -1.9 -1.6 -0.1 0.9 -0.8 -1.5 -1.8 0.0 -0.5 -2.1 -1.8 -1.6
Health satisfaction 0.9 1.1 10.6 0.8 0.3 0.2 -3.3 -0.6 0.9 0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.0 1.2 3.2 1.2 0.9 0.2 -1.7 -0.4 0.5 0.9 0.0 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 1.1 3.5 -0.1 1.7 1.9 1.0 1.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 1.3 1.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.7 0.8 4.0 -0.5 0.3 0.7 2.0 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.6 0.8 3.9 0.6 -1.7 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -2.0 1.0 0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.2 1.4 5.4 1.4 -1.0 0.2 -1.3 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.0 2.3 -0.3 1.2 1.7
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.2 2.0 5.0 -2.1 -1.2 -0.9 0.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.3 0.0 0.1 -2.2 -1.5 -2.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.2 1.7 7.9 -0.9 -0.2 -1.2 -2.8 -2.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 1.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.6 4.2 1.5 0.6 -2.0 -1.1 -1.4 1.5 2.0 0.0 1.0 0.6 -0.4 1.2
Angina (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 5.8 -0.3 -0.8 2.4 0.4 1.6 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 1.1 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.4 1.0 0.2 1.1
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.7 -0.9 0.7 1.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1
Medication: Omeprazole 0.7 0.8 4.2 0.2 -0.0 0.6 0.0 0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.0 2.1 0.6 1.6 1.1
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.2 1.3 5.3 0.3 1.6 -0.2 -2.3 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.6 1.8 1.1 0.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.0 1.9 5.9 -2.0 1.3 0.8 0.5 -0.6 -2.4 -1.5 0.0 2.0 -0.1 -0.6 -1.7
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.4 -0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.3 11.8 3.4 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 1.0 3.3 3.1 0.0 0.0 1.2 2.3 2.9
Leg fat mass (right) 1.3 4.9 13.9 3.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 0.5 3.7 3.5 0.0 0.4 1.0 2.3 3.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.1 3.7 1.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 1.4 1.9 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.2 1.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.5 1.5 4.2 1.7 0.4 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 2.0 2.0 0.0 -0.0 0.2 1.1 1.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.4 0.8 3.5 -0.0 -1.2 0.2 -1.9 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.8 0.9 0.2 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.6 9.1 -0.3 3.0 -0.4 1.1 0.6 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 2.5 0.9 0.6
Number of full sisters 2.4 2.9 8.2 1.9 -2.5 2.2 1.7 0.8 2.0 1.5 0.0 -0.1 -2.9 1.0 1.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.4 2.2 5.6 -2.3 0.2 -0.3 1.0 0.3 -2.4 -1.9 0.0 -2.4 0.8 -0.6 -2.1
Overall health rating 1.3 2.7 17.7 0.5 0.6 -1.1 -4.2 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.0 2.5 1.8 1.7 0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.6 3.0 0.4 -0.4 1.3 -1.7 0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.6 1.3 -0.0
Had major operations 0.9 1.1 5.7 0.6 1.0 0.2 -2.4 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.0 -1.6 0.7 1.0 0.6
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.7 4.3 0.1 1.3 -0.1 -2.1 0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.1 0.4 0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 1.1 1.4 3.7 1.5 1.4 1.0 -0.7 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.0 1.1 0.3 0.9 1.9
Leg pain on walking 0.9 1.1 3.6 1.3 -0.4 -1.0 -1.9 -0.6 1.3 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.4 0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.7 3.6 0.4 -1.9 -0.3 -1.2 -1.1 0.4 0.8 0.0 -1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.1 1.3 6.1 -0.5 1.8 -1.2 1.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.0 0.2 2.5 -1.1 -0.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.5 -0.9 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 8.1 -0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 2.8 -0.3 -0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.0 0.5 -1.4 1.1 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -1.3 0.9 0.4 0.9
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.8 7.4 1.3 1.7 -0.8 -2.0 0.3 1.2 0.9 0.0 -0.4 2.7 0.7 1.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.5 4.1 10.0 2.8 0.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 2.6 3.2 0.0 2.8 0.5 2.0 3.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 2.4 2.8 6.4 2.5 -2.3 0.7 -0.7 1.2 1.9 1.7 0.0 1.2 -1.3 1.9 2.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.3 1.8 4.7 -0.1 -2.1 2.2 1.1 1.5 -0.6 -0.5 0.0 -1.9 -1.5 1.3 0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 0.5 0.1 0.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.5 0.7 4.4 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.0 2.1 0.8 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.0 4.7 0.6 0.2 1.8 0.6 1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.0 0.9 -0.5 2.2 0.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 3.2 1.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 1.0 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.2
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.9 2.2 1.2 -0.7 0.1 -1.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.0 -0.2 0.5 1.3 1.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.3 5.2 14.4 3.8 -1.3 -0.2 -1.9 0.9 3.8 3.6 0.0 0.2 1.1 2.2 3.0
Average weekly red wine intake 1.5 2.2 11.6 -0.4 1.7 3.0 3.4 0.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 0.4 -0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.9 1.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.9
Mood swings 1.7 3.2 6.4 -2.5 -1.5 -2.0 -1.7 -1.9 -2.3 -2.5 0.0 0.5 -0.6 -1.3 -2.3
Loneliness, isolation 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.8 0.8 -0.9 -1.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.0 -0.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.9 1.3 4.9 1.4 1.0 -0.4 -2.2 0.1 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.2 1.4 7.2 0.2 -1.5 -0.7 0.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.0 2.7 -2.0 -0.9 0.6
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.9 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.0 1.0
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.7 1.8 5.4 1.5 1.2 0.5 -2.3 -1.6 1.6 2.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 1.2 1.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.8 -0.4 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.0 1.4 -0.3 0.4 0.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 1.0 5.9 0.0 -2.0 0.7 -0.7 0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 -2.4 0.6 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.2 2.4 10.4 1.2 -2.9 0.7 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.0 -0.6 -3.2 0.9 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.5 1.7 5.2 1.9 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 0.3 1.4 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.2 1.3 2.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.6 0.3 -0.2 -1.5 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.0 0.2
Medication for cholesterol 0.4 0.6 1.7 -1.1 0.3 -1.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 1.2 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.0
Back pain experienced in last month 3.1 4.5 9.3 3.0 -1.8 0.6 -2.1 1.2 2.8 2.8 0.0 -1.8 0.7 2.4 3.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 4.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 -2.1 -1.0 -1.6 -0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.1 0.9 -1.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 6.7 1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -2.6 -2.5 1.4 1.8 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 0.0 0.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 3.4 -1.4 1.3 -1.1 -1.2 0.7 -1.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.8 1.8 -1.1 -1.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.8 0.2 1.4 1.2 -0.2 2.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 8.2 -0.0 1.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -1.5 2.9 -0.0 0.1
Medication: Gliclazide 0.4 0.4 1.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 1.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.7 1.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.6 1.0 0.6 0.0 1.3 0.3 -1.0 -0.0
Smoking status: Current 1.1 1.7 6.9 1.3 -1.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 1.3 0.0 2.6 -1.9 0.5 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.7 1.4 4.4 -2.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -2.0 -1.4 0.0 -0.6 -1.6 -0.3 -1.9
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.8 3.2 1.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.5 1.4 1.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 2.0 1.1 -0.6 0.0 -1.4 0.4 0.9 1.4 0.0 -0.1 0.6 1.2 0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 1.3 5.3 14.8 3.8 -1.0 -0.3 -1.5 0.8 3.7 3.7 0.0 0.1 1.0 2.4 3.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.3 4.1 1.4 -0.3 -0.2 -1.6 -0.0 0.8 1.2 0.0 2.0 0.0 1.1 1.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.4 2.7 0.4 -0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.2 1.1
Miserableness 0.7 1.3 4.1 -1.4 -0.7 -2.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8
Guilty feelings 4.1 6.2 20.8 -4.6 0.7 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -4.4 -3.4 0.0 -0.9 0.1 -1.8 -3.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.6 0.7 4.4 0.5 -0.3 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.0 -2.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.9 0.9 2.3 1.4 1.5 0.7 -0.6 0.7 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.8 1.2
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.7 2.1 1.5 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.2 1.4 1.4 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.7 0.8
Mother’s age at death 0.6 0.8 5.4 -0.2 -0.8 -1.3 -2.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.9 1.1 3.1 1.3 1.1 -0.4 -1.4 -0.7 1.2 1.8 0.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.4 0.5 3.7 0.1 0.0 1.0 -0.1 1.9 0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.4 1.7 3.1 1.2 -1.5 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.2 0.0 -1.8 -0.8 1.8 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7 0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.4 3.4 1.7 -0.9 0.5 0.6 0.1 1.1 1.9 0.0 1.4 -0.9 1.6 1.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.8 1.0 5.1 1.1 0.7 2.3 -0.2 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.8 -0.1 1.5 0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.0 1.3 3.8 1.7 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.8 2.0 1.1 0.0 -1.3 0.7 -0.6 1.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.0 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.5 3.7 10.6 3.3 0.7 1.0 1.9 1.0 2.6 2.6 0.0 0.6 1.5 1.4 3.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 2.7 1.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.0 1.3 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.6 -0.2 1.1
Medication: Lisinopril 0.8 1.1 3.0 -1.1 -0.5 -1.4 -0.6 -1.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.7 2.1 5.0 1.4 -1.8 2.2 1.0 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.1 2.2 2.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.7 0.9 4.4 0.7 -0.5 -1.3 -2.1 -0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.8 -0.4 1.3 0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.6 0.8 2.2 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 -1.3 0.3 -0.6 -1.5
Ever smoked 0.7 1.3 3.6 1.9 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 1.4 1.7 0.0 0.7 -0.1 1.3 1.9
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 1.4 4.8 1.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.0 1.5 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 1.6 1.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.0 7.2 20.1 4.5 -0.7 0.0 -1.5 1.2 4.5 3.8 0.0 0.2 1.3 2.9 4.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.4 4.8 1.9 -0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 1.5 2.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2 1.5 1.7
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.1 1.6 4.6 1.0 1.9 1.1 -2.1 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.7 1.6 1.1 1.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.8 3.5 0.9 0.3 -0.1 -1.6 -1.9 1.2 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2
Irritability 0.9 1.5 4.5 -2.0 -0.6 1.1 1.1 -0.3 -2.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 -1.8
Risk taking 1.0 1.5 4.2 1.7 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.6 0.0 2.1 -1.0 1.9 1.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.5 0.6 2.9 0.7 0.6 -0.2 1.3 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.0 -1.7 0.2 -0.3 1.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -0.2
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.8 3.1 -0.4 1.2 -1.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.8 0.9 -1.2 -0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.9 0.2 1.1 -1.4 -0.8 -1.2 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 2.5 -1.1 1.5 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 -1.6 -0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.0 1.3 3.3 1.3 0.6 -0.8 -1.8 -0.6 1.1 1.7 0.0 1.3 0.8 1.0 1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.8 2.2 7.7 1.7 -0.7 1.3 -2.8 -0.8 1.2 1.7 0.0 1.9 -0.7 1.7 1.3
Myopia 3.6 5.3 12.2 3.3 0.7 -1.1 -2.2 1.3 2.8 2.8 0.0 3.3 1.1 2.1 3.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.7 4.5 11.6 -3.1 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.9 -3.0 -3.4 0.0 -2.6 -0.6 -1.8 -3.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.4 2.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.1 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.3 1.5 6.9 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -1.0 1.5 0.1 0.8 0.0 2.0 0.4 2.6 1.5
Pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.1 3.4 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 1.8 -1.2 -1.1 -0.9 0.0 0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.0 1.5 -0.0 0.4 -0.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.5 0.6 1.9 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.8 0.0 0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.6 -1.3 -0.8 1.5 0.8 -0.1 -1.6 -0.9 0.0 0.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.9
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.1 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 1.1 1.3 3.3 1.3 1.8 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 1.5 1.7 0.0 -0.8 0.9 0.5 1.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.6 0.6 2.7 0.9 -0.7 1.6 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 1.2 0.8
Pack years of smoking 0.4 0.6 3.6 0.5 -1.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.0 1.9 -0.5 1.4 0.2
Impedance of whole body 0.4 2.3 7.8 -2.4 -0.1 0.1 1.6 0.5 -2.3 -2.8 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -2.1
Leg fat mass (left) 1.3 5.1 14.2 3.8 -0.8 -0.3 -1.2 0.7 3.8 3.5 0.0 0.2 1.0 2.3 3.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.6 5.7 2.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 1.7 2.4 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 1.6 1.8